lamp搭建

文章目录

  • 3. lamp平台构建
      • 3.1 安装httpd
      • 3.2 安装mysql
      • 3.3 安装php
      • 3.4 配置apache
        • 3.4.1 启用代理模块
        • 3.4.2 配置虚拟主机
      • 3.5 验证


3. lamp平台构建

主机名改变是因为我中间换了虚拟机,不影响使用,至始至终都在一台机子上完成。

环境说明:

系统平台 IP 需要安装的服务
redhat8 192.168.140.142 httpd-2.4 mysql-5.7 php php-mysql

lamp平台软件安装次序:

    httpd --> mysql --> php

注意:php要求httpd使用prefork MPM

3.1 安装httpd

//YUM源配置成阿里源
[root@duanruhui ~]# ls  /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Base.repo   epel.repo                  epel-testing.repo
epel-modular.repo  epel-testing-modular.repo  redhat.repo

//安装开发工具包
[root@duanruhui ~]# yum groups  install 'Development Tools'


//创建apache服务的用户和组
[root@duanruhui ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin  apache

//安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel expat-devel libtool gcc gcc-c++ make

//下载和安装apr以及apr-util
[root@duanruhui ~]# ls
 apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
 apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
 httpd-2.4.53.tar.gz

[root@duanruhui ~]# tar xf apr-1.7.0.tar.gz 
[root@duanruhui ~]# cd apr-1.7.0
[root@duanruhui apr-1.7.0]# vi configure

    cfgfile="${ofile}T"
    trap "$RM \"$cfgfile\"; exit 1" 1 2 15
    # $RM "$cfgfile"        //将此行加上注释,或者删除此行

[root@duanruhui apr-1.7.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr

[root@duanruhui apr-1.7.0]# make -j 4 && make install


[root@duanruhui ~]# tar -xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz 
[root@duanruhui ~]# cd apr-util-1.6.1
[root@duanruhui apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr

[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# make -j 4 && make install


//编译安装httpd
[root@duanruhui ~]# tar xf  httpd-2.4.53.tar.gz 
[root@duanruhui ~]# cd httpd-2.4.53
[root@duanruhui httpd-2.4.53]# 

[root@duanruhui httpd-2.4.53]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
--enable-so \
--enable-ssl \
--enable-cgi \
--enable-rewrite \
--with-zlib \
--with-pcre \
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \
--enable-modules=most \
--enable-mpms-shared=all \
--with-mpm=prefork
 make -j 4 && make install



//安装后配置
[root@duanruhui ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@duanruhui ~]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@duanruhui ~]# which httpd
/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd
//设置头文件
[root@duanruhui ~]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/include/ /usr/include/httpd

//设置帮助文档
[root@duanruhui ~]# vi /etc/man_db.conf 
...
#
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                      /usr/local/apache/man
#---------------------------------------------------------
...

//设置开机自启
[root@duanruhui ~]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@duanruhui system]# cp sshd.service httpd.service
[root@duanruhui system]# vi httpd.service 
[Unit]
Description=httpd server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
ExecStop=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@duanruhui system]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@duanruhui system]# cd
[root@duanruhui ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd

//关闭防火墙
[root@duanruhui ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@duanruhui ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config 
[root@duanruhui ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config 

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these three values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted polis'scy. Only selected processes are protected. 
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

//取消ServerName前面的注释
 sed -i '/#ServerName/s/#//g' /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 

[root@duanruhui ~]# ss -antl
State    Recv-Q   Send-Q     Local Address:Port     Peer Address:Port   Process   
LISTEN   0        128              0.0.0.0:22            0.0.0.0:*                
LISTEN   0        128                    *:80                  *:*                
LISTEN   0        128                 [::]:22               [::]:*     

lamp搭建_第1张图片

3.2 安装mysql

//安装依赖包
 yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel

//创建用户和组

useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql

//下载二进制格式的mysql软件包
wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

//解压软件至/usr/local/
tar xf mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
cd /usr/local
 ln -sv mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql


//修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
[root@duanruhui local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@duanruhui local]# ll /usr/local/mysql -d
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 36 Jul  4 15:34 /usr/local/mysql -> mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/

//添加环境变量
[root@duanruhui ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@duanruhui ~]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@duanruhui ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/apache/bin:/usr/local/apache/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

//建立数据存放目录
mkdir /opt/data
[root@duanruhui ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@duanruhui ~]# ll /opt/
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql   6 Jul  4 15:36 data

//初始化数据库
[root@duanruhui ~]#  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/
...
root@localhost: dXyobtuP9a!u

//配置mysql
[root@duanruhui ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/local/include/mysql
'/usr/local/include/mysql' -> '/usr/local/mysql/include/'
[root@duanruhui ~]# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@duanruhui ~]# ldconfig 

//生成配置文件
[root@duanruhui ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[root@duanruhui ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve

//配置服务启动脚本
[root@duanruhui ~]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@duanruhui ~]# sed -ri 's#^(basedir=).*#\1/usr/local/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@duanruhui ~]# sed -ri 's#^(datadir=).*#\1/opt/data#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld

//启动mysql
[root@duanruhui ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/data/duanruhui.err'.
 SUCCESS! 
[root@duanruhui ~]# ss -antl
State    Recv-Q    Send-Q       Local Address:Port       Peer Address:Port   Process   
LISTEN   0         128                0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*                
LISTEN   0         128                   [::]:22                 [::]:*                
LISTEN   0         80                       *:3306                  *:*                
LISTEN   0         128                      *:80                    *:*  

//修改密码
yum -y install ncurses-compat-libs
[root@duanruhui ~]# mysql -uroot -p'dXyobtuP9a!u'
mysql> set password = password('dabaozi123!');

配置开机自启
[root@duanruhui ~]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@duanruhui system]# vi mysqld.service
[root@duanruhui system]# cat mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=mysql server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysqld  start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d/mysqld  stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@duanruhui ~]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@duanruhui ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld
Synchronizing state of mysqld.service with SysV service script with /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable mysqld
[root@duanruhui ~]# ss -antl
State    Recv-Q    Send-Q       Local Address:Port       Peer Address:Port   Process   
LISTEN   0         128                0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*                
LISTEN   0         80                       *:3306                  *:*                
LISTEN   0         128                      *:80                    *:*                
LISTEN   0         128                   [::]:22                 [::]:*                

3.3 安装php

//下载配置yum源
[root@duanruhui ~]# ls
php-7.4.29.tar.xz
[root@duanruhui ~]# tar xf php-7.4.29.tar.xz 

//安装依赖包
[root@duanruhui ~]# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel  pcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel php-mysqlnd


//编译安装php

[root@duanruhui src]# tar xf php-7.2.8.tar.xz
[root@duanruhui src]# cd php-7.2.8

[root@duanruhui ~]# dnf -y install http://mirror.centos.org/centos/8-stream/PowerTools/x86_64/os/Packages/oniguruma-devel-6.8.2-2.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@duanruhui ~]# dnf -y install sqlite-devel libzip-devel

[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7  \
--with-config-file-path=/etc \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--disable-debug \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-shared \
--enable-soap \
--with-openssl \
--enable-bcmath \
--with-iconv \
--with-bz2 \
--enable-calendar \
--with-curl \
--enable-exif  \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-gd \
--with-jpeg \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-freetype \
--with-gettext \
--enable-json \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-pdo \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-readline \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-simplexml \
--enable-sockets \
--with-zip \
--enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \
--with-pear \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-posix

make -j 4 && make install

//安装后配置
[root@duanruhui ~]#  echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@duanruhui ~]# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@duanruhui ~]# which php
/usr/local/php7/bin/php

ln -s /usr/local/php7/include/ /usr/include/php
echo '/usr/local/php7/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/php.conf
ldconfig




//配置php-fpm
[root@duanruhui php-7.4.29]# \cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini 
[root@duanruhui php-7.4.29]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@duanruhui php-7.4.29]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
[root@duanruhui php-7.4.29]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@duanruhui php-7.4.29]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
 


//编辑php-fpm的配置文件(/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf):(优化,可以不做)
//配置fpm的相关选项为你所需要的值:
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
.....
.....
pm.max_children = 50    ;最多同时提供50个进程提供50个并发服务
pm.start_servers = 5    ;启动时启动5个进程
pm.min_spare_servers = 2    ;最小空闲进程数
pm.max_spare_servers = 8    ;最大空闲进程数

[root@localhost ~]# tail /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
; file.
; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by:
;  - the global prefix if it's been set (-p argument)
;  - /usr/local/php7 otherwise
include=/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 2
pm.max_spare_servers = 8


 
//启动php-fpm
root@duanruhui php-fpm.d]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm  done
[root@duanruhui php-fpm.d]# ss -antl
State    Recv-Q   Send-Q     Local Address:Port     Peer Address:Port   Process   
LISTEN   0        128            127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*                
LISTEN   0        128              0.0.0.0:22            0.0.0.0:*                
LISTEN   0        80                     *:3306                *:*                
LISTEN   0        128                    *:80                  *:*                
LISTEN   0        128                 [::]:22               [::]:* 

//默认情况下,fpm监听在127.0.0.1的9000端口,也可以使用如下命令验证其是否已经监听在相应的套接字


[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef|grep php
[root@duanruhui php-fpm.d]# ps -ef|grep php
root      255064       1  0 22:42 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf)
nobody    255065  255064  0 22:42 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    255066  255064  0 22:42 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
root      255069   10759  0 22:43 pts/4    00:00:00 grep --color=auto php

[root@duanruhui system]# cp httpd.service php.service
[root@duanruhui system]# vi php.service 
[root@duanruhui system]# cat php.service 
[Unit]
Description=php-fpm server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/php-fpm  start
ExecStop=/usr/bin/kill -9 $MAINPID
ExecReload=/usr/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@duanruhui system]# systemctl daemon-reload


3.4 配置apache

3.4.1 启用代理模块

在apache httpd 2.4以后已经专门有一个模块针对FastCGI的实现,此模块为mod_proxy_fcgi.so,它其实是作为mod_proxy.so模块的扩展,因此,这两个模块都要加载,编辑httpd.conf文件,取消以下两行内容的注释:

  • LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
  • LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so
//启用httpd的相关模块
[root@duanruhui conf]# vi httpd.conf
...
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
#LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
#LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so
#LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so

...

3.4.2 配置虚拟主机

在需要使用fcgi的虚拟主机中添加类似如下两行:

ProxyRequests Off       //关闭正向代理
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/PATH/TO/DOCUMENT_ROOT/$1

例如:

ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/var/www/html/idfsoft.com/$1

以上设置表示把以.php结尾的文件请求发送到php-fpm进程,php-fpm至少需要知道运行的目录和URI,所以这里直接在fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000后指明了这两个参数,其它参数的传递已经被mod_proxy_fcgi.so进行了封装,不需要手动指定。

注意:

这里写的/var/www/html/是yum源安装方式生成的网页存放目录,这里必须改成你编译安装指定的网页存放路径,禁止直接复制我这里的路径
这里的idfsoft.com是域名,你必须改成你所使用的域名,禁止直接复制此处的域名
这里的$1表示匹配所有以.php结尾的http请求

//创建虚拟主机目录并生成php测试页面
[root@duanruhui ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
[root@duanruhui htdocs]# mkdir test.example.com
[root@duanruhui htdocs]# cd test.example.com/
[root@duanruhui test.example.com]# vi index.php
[root@duanruhui test.example.com]# cat index.php 


[root@duanruhui ~]# chown -R apache.apache /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
[root@duanruhui ~]# ls /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
index.html  test.example.com
[root@duanruhui ~]# ll /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
total 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 apache apache 45 Jun 12  2007 index.html
drwxr-xr-x. 2 apache apache 23 Apr 21 22:21 test.example.com


[root@duanruhui conf]# vi httpd.conf 
//在配置文件的最后加入以下内容

SSLRandomSeed startup builtin
SSLRandomSeed connect builtin


    DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/test.example.com"
    ServerName test.example.com
    ProxyRequests Off
    ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/usr/local/apache/htdocs/test.example.com/$1
    
        Options none
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
    
 
 

[root@duanruhui conf]# vi httpd.conf 
//搜索AddType,添加以下内容
    # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
    # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:a
    #
    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php        #添加此行
    AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps        #添加此行
    
    同时在DirectoryIndex  index.html中间加上 index.php



//重启apache服务
[root@localhost ~]# apachectl stop
[root@localhost ~]# apachectl start
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q           Local Address:Port                          Peer Address:Port
LISTEN     0      128                          *:22                                       *:*
LISTEN     0      100                  127.0.0.1:25                                       *:*
LISTEN     0      128                  127.0.0.1:9000                                     *:*
LISTEN     0      128                         :::80                                      :::*
LISTEN     0      128                         :::22                                      :::*
LISTEN     0      100                        ::1:25                                      :::*
LISTEN     0      80                          :::3306                                    :::* 

3.5 验证

1.修改/etc/hosts文件,添加域名与IP的映射
2.在浏览器上使用域名访问,若看到以下界面则表示lamp架构搭建成功,否则请检查你的操作

lamp搭建_第2张图片

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