2019-05-14

虚拟机默认磁盘类型


scsi硬盘


分区符MBR(512字节)


三部分组成:

引导程序: 446字节(bootloader)

分区表: 64字节

魔数: 2字节(55AA)


分区:

主分区+扩展分区(扩展分区之上建立了逻辑分区)

1.  即扩展分区是逻辑分区的资源池,逻辑分区的总大小即扩展分区大小

2.  扩展分区不能直接使用,扩展分区必须首先创建成逻辑分区才能使用


查看磁盘:

ls /dev/sd*


例子1:/dev/sda1

表示第一块系统识别到scsi硬盘的第一个分区


文件系统:

EXT4:是centos6默认的文件系统

XFS: 是centos7系统默认的文件系统



fdisk分区演示–创建主分区


第一步:关机添加磁盘


第二步:查看磁盘

[root@ken ~]# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb


第三步:fdisk创建主分区

[root@ken ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xe140b235.

Command (m for help): n                          #新建分区

Partition type:

p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)

e extended

Select (default p): p                            #选择主分区

Partition number (1-4, default 1):

First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048):    #分区磁盘起始位,默认值,回车即可

Using default value 2048

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): +5G    #磁盘大小选择,加号不能省略,回车即可

Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set

Command (m for help): P                      #查看分区是否建立

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0xe140b235

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 2048 10487807 5242880 83 Linux

Command (m for help): W    #w保存退出,q是不保存退出

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.


第四步:查看磁盘

[root@ken ~]# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb /dev/sdb1


第五步:格式化,安装文件系统

[root@ken ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1     #格式化成centos7系统默认的文件系统类型XFS

meta-data=/dev/sdb1 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=327680 blks

= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1

= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0

data = bsize=4096 blocks=1310720, imaxpct=25

= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks

naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1

log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2

= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1

realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0


第六步:挂载磁盘至本地目录

[root@ken ~]# mkdir /xfs_ken     #创建本地目录

[root@ken ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /xfs_ken   #使用mount进行挂载


第七步:查看挂载信息

[root@ken ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1.4G 16G 8% /

devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M 2% /run

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot

tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0

/dev/sdb1 5.0G 33M 5.0G 1% /xfs_ken


第八步:开机自动挂载

方法一:系统容易起不来

echo “/dev/sdb1 /xfs_ken xfs defaults 0 0”  >> /etc/fstab


方法二:

[root@ken ~]# echo “mount /dev/sdb1 /xfs_ken” >> /etc/rc.local

[root@ken ~]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local


fdisk分区演示–创建逻辑分区


第一步:fdisk添加扩展分区

[root@ken ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): n    #添加新分区

Partition type:

p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)

e extended

Select (default p): e     #选择扩展分区

Partition number (2-4, default 2):

First sector (10487808-41943039, default 10487808):

Using default value 10487808

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (10487808-41943039, default 41943039): +5G    #5G大小

Partition 2 of type Extended and of size 5 GiB is set

Command (m for help): P   #查看分区

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0xe140b235

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 2048 10487807 5242880 83 Linux

/dev/sdb2 10487808 20973567 5242880 5 Extended

Command (m for help): w   #保存退出

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.


第二步:创建逻辑分区

[root@ken ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): n

Partition type:

p primary (1 primary, 1 extended, 2 free)

l logical (numbered from 5)

Select (default p): l    #创建逻辑分区

Adding logical partition 5

First sector (10489856-20973567, default 10489856):

Using default value 10489856

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (10489856-20973567, default 20973567): +10G   #逻辑分区大小不能超过扩展分区大小

Value out of range.

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (10489856-20973567, default 20973567): +2g

Unsupported suffix: ‘g’.

Supported: 10^N: KB (KiloByte), MB (MegaByte), GB (GigaByte)

2^N: K (KibiByte), M (MebiByte), G (GibiByte)

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (10489856-20973567, default 20973567): +2G

Partition 5 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set

Command (m for help): P

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0xe140b235

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 2048 10487807 5242880 83 Linux

/dev/sdb2 10487808 20973567 5242880 5 Extended

/dev/sdb5 10489856 14684159 2097152 83 Linux

Command (m for help): W

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.


第三步:创建文件系统

[root@ken ~]# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb5

[root@ken ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb5

meta-data=/dev/sdb5 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=131072 blks

= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1

= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0

data = bsize=4096 blocks=524288, imaxpct=25

= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks

naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1

log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2

= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1

realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0


第四步:开机自动挂载

[root@ken ~]# echo “mount /dev/sdb5 /xfs_ken” >> /etc/rc.local


验证写入位置


第一步:挂载磁盘

[root@ken ~]# vim /etc/fstab

[root@ken ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1.4G 16G 8% /

devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M 2% /run

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot

tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0

[root@ken ~]# mount -a    #可以吧文件fsta里面未挂载的磁盘进行挂载

[root@ken ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1.4G 16G 8% /

devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M 2% /run

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot

tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0

/dev/sdb1 5.0G 33M 5.0G 1% /xfs_ken


第二步:写入内容

[root@ken ~]# touch /xfs_ken/{1..100}.txt

[root@ken ~]# ls /xfs_ken/

100.txt 17.txt 24.txt 31.txt 39.txt 46.txt 53.txt 60.txt 68.txt 75.txt 82.txt 8.txt 97.txt

10.txt 18.txt 25.txt 32.txt 3.txt 47.txt 54.txt 61.txt 69.txt 76.txt 83.txt 90.txt 98.txt

11.txt 19.txt 26.txt 33.txt 40.txt 48.txt 55.txt 62.txt 6.txt 77.txt 84.txt 91.txt 99.txt

12.txt 1.txt 27.txt 34.txt 41.txt 49.txt 56.txt 63.txt 70.txt 78.txt 85.txt 92.txt 9.txt

13.txt 20.txt 28.txt 35.txt 42.txt 4.txt 57.txt 64.txt 71.txt 79.txt 86.txt 93.txt

14.txt 21.txt 29.txt 36.txt 43.txt 50.txt 58.txt 65.txt 72.txt 7.txt 87.txt 94.txt

15.txt 22.txt 2.txt 37.txt 44.txt 51.txt 59.txt 66.txt 73.txt 80.txt 88.txt 95.txt

16.txt 23.txt 30.txt 38.txt 45.txt 52.txt 5.txt 67.txt 74.txt 81.txt 89.txt 96.txt

[root@ken ~]#

[root@ken ~]#

[root@ken ~]#

[root@ken ~]#

[root@ken ~]#

[root@ken ~]# umount /xfs_ken/

[root@ken ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1.4G 16G 8% /

devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M 2% /run

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot

tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0

[root@ken ~]# ls /xfs_ken/

[root@ken ~]#


第三步:再次挂载磁盘

[root@ken ~]# mkdir /kenken

[root@ken ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /kenken

[root@ken ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1.4G 16G 8% /

devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M 2% /run

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot

tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0

/dev/sdb1 5.0G 33M 5.0G 1% /kenken

[root@ken ~]# ls /kenken

100.txt 17.txt 24.txt 31.txt 39.txt 46.txt 53.txt 60.txt 68.txt 75.txt 82.txt 8.txt 97.txt

10.txt 18.txt 25.txt 32.txt 3.txt 47.txt 54.txt 61.txt 69.txt 76.txt 83.txt 90.txt 98.txt

11.txt 19.txt 26.txt 33.txt 40.txt 48.txt 55.txt 62.txt 6.txt 77.txt 84.txt 91.txt 99.txt

12.txt 1.txt 27.txt 34.txt 41.txt 49.txt 56.txt 63.txt 70.txt 78.txt 85.txt 92.txt 9.txt

13.txt 20.txt 28.txt 35.txt 42.txt 4.txt 57.txt 64.txt 71.txt 79.txt 86.txt 93.txt

14.txt 21.txt 29.txt 36.txt 43.txt 50.txt 58.txt 65.txt 72.txt 7.txt 87.txt 94.txt

15.txt 22.txt 2.txt 37.txt 44.txt 51.txt 59.txt 66.txt 73.txt 80.txt 88.txt 95.txt

16.txt 23.txt 30.txt 38.txt 45.txt 52.txt 5.txt 67.txt 74.txt 81.txt 89.txt 96.txt



创建交换分区SWAP–磁盘


第一步:创建分区

[root@ken ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): n

Partition type:

p primary (1 primary, 1 extended, 2 free)

l logical (numbered from 5)

Select (default p): p

Partition number (3,4, default 3):

First sector (20973568-41943039, default 20973568):

Using default value 20973568

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (20973568-41943039, default 41943039): +2G

Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set

Command (m for help): P

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0xe140b235

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 2048 10487807 5242880 83 Linux

/dev/sdb2 10487808 20973567 5242880 5 Extended

/dev/sdb3 20973568 25167871 2097152 83 Linux

/dev/sdb5 10489856 14684159 2097152 83 Linux

/dev/sdb6 14686208 18880511 2097152 83 Linux

/dev/sdb7 18882560 20973567 1045504 83 Linux

Command (m for help): W

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.

The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at

the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)

Syncing disks.


第二步:识别新创建的分区

[root@ken ~]# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb5 /dev/sdb6 /dev/sdb7

[root@ken ~]# partprobe     #加载薪建分区

Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.

[root@ken ~]# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb3 /dev/sdb5 /dev/sdb6 /dev/sdb7


第三步:格式化为swap类型

[root@ken ~]# mkswap /dev/sdb3

Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 2097148 KiB

no label, UUID=b184f890-2ec4-417d-9aef-1ac87a78464b


第四步:启动swap

[root@ken ~]# free -h

total used free shared buff/cache available

Mem: 974M 89M 751M 7.6M 133M 733M

Swap: 2.0G 0B 2.0G

[root@ken ~]# swapon /dev/sdb3

[root@ken ~]# free -h

total used free shared buff/cache available

Mem: 974M 90M 750M 7.6M 133M 732M

Swap: 4.0G 0B 4.0G

[root@ken ~]#


第五步:开机自启

方法一:

echo “/dev/sdb3 swap swap defaults 0 0”  >> /etc/fstab


方法二:

echo “swapon /dev/sdb3” >> /etc/rc.local


创建交换分区SWAP–本地文件


第一步:创建目录

[root@ken ~]# mkdir /swap


第二步:创建文件

[root@ken ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/swap/swap bs=2M count=2014

2014+0 records in

2014+0 records out

4223664128 bytes (4.2 GB) copied, 29.3039 s, 144 MB/s


第三步:格式化

[root@ken ~]# mkswap /swap/swap

Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 4124668 KiB

no label, UUID=211cb23a-49b5-46fc-b568-f167d4b6d06a


第四步:写入文件

[root@ken ~]# echo “/swap/swap swap swap defaults 0 0” >> /etc/fstab

[root@ken ~]#

[root@ken ~]#

[root@ken ~]#

[root@ken ~]# mount -a

[root@ken ~]# free -h

total used free shared buff/cache available

Mem: 974M 85M 69M 7.6M 819M 712M

Swap: 4.0G 0B 4.0G

[root@ken ~]# swapon -a

swapon: /swap/swap: insecure permissions 0644, 0600 suggested.

[root@ken ~]# free -h

total used free shared buff/cache available

Mem: 974M 88M 66M 7.6M 819M 709M

Swap: 7.9G 0B 7.9G


第五步:修改权限

[root@ken ~]# chmod 0600 /swap/swap


关掉交换分区


[root@ken ~]# swapoff -a

[root@ken ~]# free -h

total used free shared buff/cache available

Mem: 974M 83M 70M 7.6M 820M 714M

Swap: 0B 0B 0B


LVM逻辑卷管理


LVM: logical volumes manager


LVM逻辑卷部署


物理卷–》卷组–》逻辑卷


第一步;添加磁盘

l略


第二步:查看磁盘

[root@ken ~]# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc


第三步:创建物理卷

[root@ken ~]# pvcreate /dev/sd{b,c}

Physical volume “/dev/sdb” successfully created.

Physical volume “/dev/sdc” successfully created.


第四步:创建卷组

[root@ken ~]# vgcreate vg_ken /dev/sd{b,c}    #卷组名为vg_ken,物理卷/dev/sd{b,c}

Volume group “vg_ken” successfully created


第五步:逻辑卷创建

方式一:使用L进行容量指定

[root@ken ~]# lvcreate -L 500M -n lv_ken1 vg_ken

Logical volume “lv_ken1” created.


方式二:使用 l 指定PE数量

[root@ken ~]# lvcreate -l 125 -n lv_ken2 vg_ken

Logical volume “lv_ken2” created.


第六步:格式化逻辑卷

[root@ken ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg_ken/lv_ken1

meta-data=/dev/vg_ken/lv_ken1 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=32000 blks

= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1

= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0

data = bsize=4096 blocks=128000, imaxpct=25

= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks

naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1

log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=855, version=2

= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1

realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0

[root@ken ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg_ken/lv_ken2

meta-data=/dev/vg_ken/lv_ken2 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=32000 blks

= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1

= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0

data = bsize=4096 blocks=128000, imaxpct=25

= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks

naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1

log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=855, version=2

= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1

realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0


第七步:挂载使用

[root@ken ~]# mkdir /ken1

[root@ken ~]# mkdir /ken2

[root@ken ~]# mount /dev/vg_ken/lv_ken1 /ken1

[root@ken ~]# mount /dev/vg_ken/lv_ken2 /ken2


第八步:查看挂载信息

[root@ken ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1.4G 16G 8% /

devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M 2% /run

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot

tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken1 497M 26M 472M 6% /ken1

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken2 497M 26M 472M 6% /ken2


第九步:开机自启

方法一: 写入/etc/fstab

[root@ken ~]# echo “/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken1 /ken1 xfs defaults 0 0” >> /etc/fstab


方法二:写入rc.local

echo “mount /dev/vg_ken/lv_ken1 /ken1”  >> /etc/rc.local


LVM在线扩容–XFS格式


第一步:直接扩容

[root@ken ~]# lvextend -L 800M /dev/vg_ken/lv_ken1

Size of logical volume vg_ken/lv_ken1 changed from 500.00 MiB (125 extents) to 800.00 MiB (200 extents).

Logical volume vg_ken/lv_ken1 successfully resized.

[root@ken ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1.4G 16G 8% /

devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M 2% /run

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot

tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken1 497M 26M 472M 6% /ken1

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken2 497M 26M 472M 6% /ken2


第二步:xfs_growfs使配置生效

[root@ken ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/vg_ken/lv_ken1

meta-data=/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken1 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=32000 blks

= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1

= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0

data = bsize=4096 blocks=128000, imaxpct=25

= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks

naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1

log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=855, version=2

= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1

realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0

data blocks changed from 128000 to 204800

[root@ken ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1.4G 16G 8% /

devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M 2% /run

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot

tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken1 797M 26M 772M 4% /ken1

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken2 497M 26M 472M 6% /ken2

[root@ken ~]#



注意:

1. xfs格式的磁盘不需要卸载即可直接在线进行扩容

2. extX格式需要先卸载再进行扩容

3. XFS格式的磁盘类型只支持扩容不支持缩容


LVM扩容–EXT4格式


第一步:创建一个ext4格式的逻辑卷

[root@ken ~]# lvcreate -L 500M -n lv_ext4 vg_ken

Logical volume “lv_ext4” created.


第二步:格式化为ext4格式

[root@ken ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg_ken/lv_ext4


第三步:挂载

[root@ken ~]# mkdir /ext4

[root@ken ~]# mount /dev/vg_ken/lv_ext4 /ext4

[root@ken ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1.4G 16G 8% /

devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M 2% /run

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot

tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken1 797M 26M 772M 4% /ken1

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken2 497M 26M 472M 6% /ken2

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ext4 477M 2.3M 445M 1% /ext4


第四步:开始扩容

卸载

[root@ken ~]# umount /ext4

[root@ken ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1.4G 16G 8% /

devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M 2% /run

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot

tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken1 797M 26M 772M 4% /ken1

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken2 497M 26M 472M 6% /ken2


第五步:扩容lventend

[root@ken ~]# lvextend -L 800M /dev/vg_ken/lv_ext4

Size of logical volume vg_ken/lv_ext4 changed from 500.00 MiB (125 extents) to 800.00 MiB (200 extents).

Logical volume vg_ken/lv_ext4 successfully resized.


第六步:磁盘检测

[root@ken ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg_ken/lv_ext4

e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)

Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes

Pass 2: Checking directory structure

Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity

Pass 4: Checking reference counts

Pass 5: Checking group summary information

/dev/vg_ken/lv_ext4: 11/128016 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 26684/512000 blocks


第七步:扩容resize2fs

[root@ken ~]# resize2fs //dev/vg_ken/lv_ext4

resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)

Resizing the filesystem on //dev/vg_ken/lv_ext4 to 819200 (1k) blocks.

The filesystem on //dev/vg_ken/lv_ext4 is now 819200 blocks long.


第八步:挂载使用

[root@ken ~]# mount //dev/vg_ken/lv_ext4 /ext4

[root@ken ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1.4G 16G 8% /

devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M 2% /run

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot

tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken1 797M 26M 772M 4% /ken1

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken2 497M 26M 472M 6% /ken2

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ext4 767M 2.5M 721M 1% /ext4


LVM缩容–EXT4格式


第一步:卸载

[root@ken ~]# umount /ext4

[root@ken ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1.4G 16G 8% /

devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M 2% /run

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot

tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken1 797M 26M 772M 4% /ken1

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken2 497M 26M 472M 6% /ken2


第二步:检测

[root@ken ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg_ken/lv_ext4

e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)

Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes

Pass 2: Checking directory structure

Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity

Pass 4: Checking reference counts

Pass 5: Checking group summary information

/dev/vg_ken/lv_ext4: 11/203200 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 36417/819200 blocks


第三步:缩容

[root@ken ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg_ken/lv_ext4 500M

resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)

Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vg_ken/lv_ext4 to 512000 (1k) blocks.

The filesystem on /dev/vg_ken/lv_ext4 is now 512000 blocks long.


第四步:执行lvreduce

[root@ken ~]# lvreduce -L 500M /dev/vg_ken/lv_ext4

WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 500.00 MiB.

THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)

Do you really want to reduce vg_ken/lv_ext4? [y/n]: y

Size of logical volume vg_ken/lv_ext4 changed from 800.00 MiB (200 extents) to 500.00 MiB (125 extents).

Logical volume vg_ken/lv_ext4 successfully resized.


第五步:挂载使用

[root@ken ~]# mount //dev/vg_ken/lv_ext4 /ext4

[root@ken ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1.4G 16G 8% /

devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M 2% /run

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot

tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken1 797M 26M 772M 4% /ken1

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ken2 497M 26M 472M 6% /ken2

/dev/mapper/vg_ken-lv_ext4 477M 2.3M 445M 1% /ext4


删除逻辑卷


逻辑卷 –》卷组–》物理卷

第一步:卸载正在使用的逻辑卷

[root@ken ~]# umount /ken1

[root@ken ~]# umount /ken2

[root@ken ~]# umount /ext4

[root@ken ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1.4G 16G 8% /

devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M 2% /run

tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot

tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0


第二步:删除逻辑卷

[root@ken ~]# lvremove /dev/vg_ken/lv_

lv_ext4 lv_ken1 lv_ken2

[root@ken ~]# lvremove /dev/vg_ken/lv_*

Do you really want to remove active logical volume vg_ken/lv_ken1? [y/n]: y

Logical volume “lv_ken1” successfully removed

Do you really want to remove active logical volume vg_ken/lv_ken2? [y/n]: y

Logical volume “lv_ken2” successfully removed

Do you really want to remove active logical volume vg_ken/lv_ext4? [y/n]: y

Logical volume “lv_ext4” successfully removed


第三步:删除卷组

[root@ken ~]# vgremove vg_ken

Volume group “vg_ken” successfully removed


第四步:删除物理卷

[root@ken ~]# pvremove /dev/sd{b,c}

Labels on physical volume “/dev/sdb” successfully wiped.

Labels on physical volume “/dev/sdc” successfully wiped.


第五步:查看

[root@ken ~]# pvdisplay

— Physical volume —

PV Name /dev/sda2                 #只有系统自带的了

VG Name centos

PV Size <19.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB

Allocatable yes (but full)

PE Size 4.00 MiB

Total PE 4863

Free PE 0

Allocated PE 4863

PV UUID MDIeKf-Tbul-ST5P-ua57-lCVG-bPWM-o32gdQ

你可能感兴趣的:(2019-05-14)