Centos7系统下实现httpd-2.2的安装，并分别实现prefork、worker、event工作方式

一、httpd介绍

1. httpd是Apache组织的超文本传输协议HTTP服务器的主程序。它是Apache组织中的一个顶级项目。
2. httpd的运行机制

• 高度模块化（Core+Modules）：采用核心模块+扩展模块的机制
• DSO（Dynamic Shared Object）机制：可以按需动态的装载模块来实现相应的功能
• 采用MPM(Multipath Processing Moules):使用多路处理模块，有三种工作模型
  • prefork模型：是两级进程模型，由父进程负责生成和管理多个子进程，每个子进程负责响应一个用户的请求。
  • worker模型：是三级进程模型，由父进程生成和管理多个子进程，每个子进程又生成多个线程，由每一个线程来响应一个用户的请求。
  • event模型：是二级进程模型，由父进程生成和管理多个子进程，每个子进程又通过事务(event-driven)机制直接响应多个用户请求。

二、CentOS7下安装httpd-2.2

CentOS7中yum源默认安装的是httpd-2.4版本。而这里用httpd-2.2版本来编译安装。

1.Centos7编译httpd-2.2，默认以perfork方式工作

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++  #安装编译器和编译环境
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.32.tar.gz #解压并展开文档
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd-2.2.32
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]#  ./configure --prefix=/sw/pkg/apache
#编译此文档，默认是以perfork方式工作
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# make && make install
#编译无问题后安装
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# cd /sw/pkg/apache/
[root@localhost apache]# ls
bin  build  cgi-bin  conf  error  htdocs  icons  include  lib  logs  man  manual  modules

[root@localhost apache]# vim /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
export PATH=/sw/pkg/apache/bin:$PATH
[root@localhost apache]# . /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
#把httpd的命令添加到系统环境中

[root@localhost apache]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service
[unit]
Description=httpd
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/sw/pkg/apache/bin/apachectl start
ExecReload=/sw/pkg/apache/bin/apachectl restart
ExecStop=/sw/pkg/apache/bin/apachectl stop
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
#配置httpd的unit

[root@localhost apache]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost apache]# systemctl start httpd.service
[root@localhost apache]# ps aux | grep httpd
root      26292  0.0  0.3  27820  1676 ?        Ss   10:16   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26293  0.0  0.2  27820  1136 ?        S    10:16   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26294  0.0  0.2  27820  1136 ?        S    10:16   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26295  0.0  0.2  27820  1136 ?        S    10:16   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26296  0.0  0.2  27820  1136 ?        S    10:16   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26297  0.0  0.2  27820  1136 ?        S    10:16   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
root      26299  0.0  0.1 112704   964 pts/0    S+   10:16   0:00 grep --color=auto httpd

[root@localhost apache]# httpd -M | grep mpm
Syntax OK
 mpm_prefork_module (static)

图片.png

2.Centos7重新编译http2.2，实现worker工作方式

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.32.tar.gz 
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd-2.2.32
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# ./configure --prefix=/sw/pkg/apache --with-mpm=worker
#只在此命令末尾添加指定worker工作方式，其他安装过程和prefork一样
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# make && make install

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# vim /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
export PATH=/sw/pkg/apache/bin:$PATH
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# . /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service
[unit]
Description=httpd
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/sw/pkg/apache/bin/apachectl start
ExecReload=/sw/pkg/apache/bin/apachectl restart
ExecStop=/sw/pkg/apache/bin/apachectl stop
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# systemctl start httpd.service
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# ps aux | grep httpd
root      26404  0.0  0.3  28028  1796 ?        Ss   10:56   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26405  0.0  0.2  27760  1232 ?        S    10:56   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26406  0.0  0.3 316992  1544 ?        Sl   10:56   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26407  0.0  0.3 316992  1544 ?        Sl   10:56   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    26408  0.0  0.3 316992  1544 ?        Sl   10:56   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
root      26491  0.0  0.1 112704   964 pts/0    S+   10:56   0:00 grep --color=auto httpd

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# httpd -M | grep mpm
Syntax OK
 mpm_worker_module (static)

图片.png

3.Centos7编译httpd-2.2以event方式工作，2.2中此方式还在试验阶段

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# systemctl stop httpd
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# rm -rf /sw

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# make clean
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# ./configure --prefix=/sw/pkg/apache --with-mpm=event
#末尾添加指定event工作方式，之后安装过程和其他工作方式一样
......
============================================================
    WARNING: THE 'event' MPM IS EXPERIMENTAL
============================================================
 The selected MPM might not be fully functional!

 Development of this MPM is not complete. Do not use this
 MPM unless you are a programmer willing to help fix it.

 If you are looking for a stable server, you should not use
 the 'event' MPM until it is moved out of experimental.
============================================================
#警告：在http-2.2中，event工作方式还在试验开发阶段，不能应用到生产中

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# make && make install
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# systemctl start httpd.service
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# ps aux | grep httpd
root      59800  0.0  0.3  28028  1888 ?        Ss   11:17   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    59801  0.0  0.2  27760  1240 ?        S    11:17   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    59802  0.0  0.3 316992  1548 ?        Sl   11:17   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    59803  0.0  0.3 316992  1548 ?        Sl   11:17   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    59804  0.0  0.3 316992  1548 ?        Sl   11:17   0:00 /sw/pkg/apache/bin/httpd -k start
root      59887  0.0  0.1 112704   960 pts/0    S+   11:17   0:00 grep --color=auto httpd
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# httpd -M | grep mpm
Syntax OK
 mpm_event_module (static)

图片.png

补充：

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# httpd -M | grep mpm
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain for ServerName
#使用命令时，出现错误提示

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.32]# vim /sw/pkg/apache/conf/httpd.conf 
ServerName localhost:80  
#在配置中添加这行即可解决

参考文档：http://man.chinaunix.net/newsoft/Apache2.2_chinese_manual/install.html