RHCSA测验
1、RPM软件管理
1> 通过rpm安装vsftpd软件。
[root@localhost ~]# find / -name "vsftpd*"
/usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sos/report/plugins/__pycache__/vsftpd.cpython-39.opt-1.pyc
/usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sos/report/plugins/__pycache__/vsftpd.cpython-39.pyc
/usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/sos/report/plugins/vsftpd.py
/usr/share/doc/python3-pycurl/tests/vsftpd.conf
/mnt/AppStream/Packages/vsftpd-3.0.3-49.el9.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh /mnt/AppStream/Packages/vsftpd-3.0.3-49.el9.x86_64.rpm
warning: /mnt/AppStream/Packages/vsftpd-3.0.3-49.el9.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Verifying... ################################# [100%]
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:vsftpd-3.0.3-49.el9 ################################# [100%]
2> 查询vsftpd软件包的信息。
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qi vsftpd
Name : vsftpd
Version : 3.0.3
Release : 49.el9
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Tue 28 Mar 2023 04:11:37 PM CST
Group : Unspecified
Size : 356096
License : GPLv2 with exceptions
Signature : RSA/SHA256, Wed 24 Nov 2021 07:31:28 PM CST, Key ID 199e2f91fd431d51
Source RPM : vsftpd-3.0.3-49.el9.src.rpm
Build Date : Tue 16 Nov 2021 07:17:01 PM CST
Build Host : x86-vm-55.build.eng.bos.redhat.com
Packager : Red Hat, Inc.
Vendor : Red Hat, Inc.
URL : https://security.appspot.com/vsftpd.html
Summary : Very Secure Ftp Daemon
Description :
vsftpd is a Very Secure FTP daemon. It was written completely from
scratch.
3> 卸载软件包vsftpd。
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -evh vsftpd
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Cleaning up / removing...
1:vsftpd-3.0.3-49.el9 ################################# [100%]
2、YUM软件管理
1> 挂载本地光盘，配置yum源为rhel.repo。
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel.repo
2> 通过yum来安装traceroute。
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install traceroute
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
appstream-rhel9 3.1 MB/s | 3.2 kB 00:00
baseos-rhel9 2.7 MB/s | 2.7 kB 00:00
Dependencies resolved.
==================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
==================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
traceroute x86_64 3:2.1.0-16.el9 baseos 61 k
Transaction Summary
==================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total size: 61 k
Installed size: 108 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : traceroute-3:2.1.0-16.el9.x86_64 1/1
Running scriptlet: traceroute-3:2.1.0-16.el9.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : traceroute-3:2.1.0-16.el9.x86_64 1/1
Installed products updated.
Installed:
traceroute-3:2.1.0-16.el9.x86_64
Complete!
3> 使用yum查询ifconfig命令是由那个软件包提供的。
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum whatprovides ifconfig
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:21 ago on Tue 28 Mar 2023 04:59:04 PM CST.
net-tools-2.0-0.62.20160912git.el9.x86_64 : Basic networking tools
Repo : @System
Matched from:
Filename : /usr/sbin/ifconfig
net-tools-2.0-0.62.20160912git.el9.x86_64 : Basic networking tools
Repo : baseos
Matched from:
Filename : /usr/sbin/ifconfig
4> 卸载软件包httpd。
root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum remove -y traceroute
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Dependencies resolved.
==================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
==================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Removing:
traceroute x86_64 3:2.1.0-16.el9 @baseos 108 k
Transaction Summary
==================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Remove 1 Package
Freed space: 108 k
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Erasing : traceroute-3:2.1.0-16.el9.x86_64 1/1
Running scriptlet: traceroute-3:2.1.0-16.el9.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : traceroute-3:2.1.0-16.el9.x86_64 1/1
Installed products updated.
Removed:
traceroute-3:2.1.0-16.el9.x86_64
Complete!
3、通过pgrep和pidof命令查看sshd服务的进程号
[root@localhost ~]# pgrep -l sshd
1060 sshd
1925 sshd
1954 sshd
[root@localhost ~]# pidof sshd
1954 1925 1060
配置网络：为网卡添加一个本网段IPV4地址，x.x.x.123，并启用，然后在阿里镜像站GUN里，下载wget2的包
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection modify ens160 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 192.168.72.123/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.72.2 ipv4.dns 114.114.114.114 autoconnect yesal ipv4.addresses 192.168.72.123/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.72.2 ipv4.
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/gnu/wget/wget2-latest.tar.gz
--2023-03-28 17:24:20-- https://mirrors.aliyun.com/gnu/wget/wget2-latest.tar.gz
Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 140.249.32.203, 140.249.32.207, 140.249.32.205, ...
Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|140.249.32.203|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 3780748 (3.6M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘wget2-latest.tar.gz’
wget2-latest.tar.gz 100%[====================================================================================================================>] 3.61M 443KB/s in 8.4s
2023-03-28 17:24:29 (439 KB/s) - ‘wget2-latest.tar.gz’ saved [3780748/3780748]
[root@localhost ~]# ls
1 a anaconda-ks.cfg files test tr.txt wget2-latest.tar.gz