java并发编程之synchronized

synchronized使用了对象锁保证了临界区代码的原子性,临界区内的代码是不可分割的,不会被线程切换所打断。

如:

public class Test {
    private static int x = 0;
    private static final Object sync = new Object();
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread t1 = new Thread() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                for (int i = 0; i < 5000; i++) {
                    synchronized (sync) {
                        x++;
                    }
                }
            }
        };
        Thread t2 = new Thread() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                for (int i = 0; i < 5000; i++) {
                    synchronized (sync) {
                        x--;
                    }
                }
            }
        };
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        t1.join();
        t2.join();
        System.out.println(x);
    }
}

synchronized也可以放在方法上:

1. 放在非静态方法:

public synchronized void test1() {

}
等价于
public void test1() {
    synchronized (this) {

    }
}

2. 放在静态方法:

Class Test {
    public synchronized static void test1() {

    }
    等价于
    public void test1() {
        synchronized (Test.class) {

        }
    }
}

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