快速搭建SSM项目

文章目录

  • 创建Web项目
  • 集成Spring
  • 集成Spring MVC框架
  • 集成Mybatis框架
  • 集成Log4j日志框架
  • 集成Junit4测试框架
  • Mybatis映射器与动态SQL
      • Mybatis映射器
          • select元素
          • insert元素
          • update元素
          • delete元素
          • sql元素
          • #与$的区别
          • resultMap结果映射集
      • 动态SQL
          • if元素
          • choose、when、otherwise元素
          • trim、where、set元素
          • foreach元素
          • bind元素
      • 分页插件 PageHelper

创建Web项目

1.通过idea创建一个maven项目,选择Archetype(原型)选择org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-webapp
快速搭建SSM项目_第1张图片

集成Spring

2.在新项目的pom文件中添加Spring相关的依赖包

    
        5.0.4.RELEASE
    

    
        
        
            org.springframework
            spring-core
            ${spring.version}
        
        
            org.springframework
            spring-beans
            ${spring.version}
        
        
            org.springframework
            spring-context
            ${spring.version}
        
        
            org.springframework
            spring-context-support
            ${spring.version}
        
        
            org.springframework
            spring-aop
            ${spring.version}
        
        
            org.springframework
            spring-aspects
            ${spring.version}
        
        
            org.springframework
            spring-expression
            ${spring.version}
        
        
            org.springframework
            spring-tx
            ${spring.version}
        
        
            org.springframework
            spring-test
            ${spring.version}
        
        
            org.springframework
            spring-web
            ${spring.version}
        
        

        
            junit
            junit
            4.12
            test
        
    

3.在/src/main下创建resources目录并标记为resources,在resources目录下创建applicationContext.xml配置文件,具体代码如下:


<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/
spring-beans-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/
spring-context-2.5.xsd">

<context:component-scan base-package="com.cy">context:component-scan>

beans>
  • context:component-scan/注解:扫描base-package包或者子包下所有的Java类,并把匹配的Java类注册成Bean。这里我们设置扫描com.cy包下的所有Java类。

4.在web.xml配置文件中添加如下代码:

!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Applicationdisplay-name>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xmlparam-value>
  context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListenerlistener-class>
  listener>
web-app>
  • context-param:整个项目的全局变量,相当于设置了一个固定值。param-name是键(Key),相当于参数名,param-value是值(Value),

相当于参数值。

  • ContextLoaderListener:ContextLoaderListener监听器实现了ServletContextListener接口,其作用是启动Web容器时,自动装配ApplicationContext的配置信息。在web.xml文件中配置这个监听器,之后在启动容器时,就会默认执行它实现的方法。

5.最后,在/src/main/text/com.cy.test 目录下创建SpringTest测试类,具体代码如下:

@Service
public class SpringTest {
    public void testSpring(){
        //获取应用上下文
        ApplicationContext applicationContext=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        //获取SpringTest类
        //注解如果没有指定bean的名字,默认为小写开头的类名。SpringTest,则spring返回springTest的bean名。
        SpringTest springTest= (SpringTest) applicationContext.getBean("springTest");
        //调用sayHello方法
        springTest.sayHello();
    }

    public void sayHello(){
        System.out.println("hello");
    }
}
  • @Service:Spring会自动扫描到@Service注解的类,并把这些类纳入进Spring容器中管理。也可以使用@Component注解,只是@Service注解更能表明该类时服务层类。

  • ApplicationContext容器:ApplicationContext是Spring中较高级的容器,它可以加载配置文件中定义的Bean,并将所有的Bean集中在一起,当有请求的死后分配Bean。

  • ClassPathXmlApplicationContext:从类路径ClassPath中寻找指定的XML配置文件,找到并装载完成Application的实例化工作,具体代码如下:

 //装载单个配置文件实例化ApplicationContext容器
 ApplicationContext cxt = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
 //装载多个配置文件实例化ApplicationContext容器
 String[] configs = {"bean1.xml", "bean2.xml", "bean3.xml"};
 ApplicationContext cxt = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("configs");
  • FileSystemXmlApplicationContext:从指定的文件系统路径中寻找指定的XML配置文件,找到并装载完成Application的实例化工作,具体代码如下:
//装载单个配置文件实例化ApplicationContext容器
FileSystemXmlApplicationContext cxt = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//装载多个配置文件实例化ApplicationContext容器
String[] configs = {"c:/bean1.xml", "c:/bean2.xml", "c:/bean3.xml"};
FileSystemXmlApplicationContext cxt = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("configs");
  • XmlWebApplicationContext:从Web应用中中寻找指定的XML配置文件,找到并装载完成Application的实例化工作。这是为Web项目量身定制的,使用WebApplicationContextUtils类的getRequiredWebApplicationContext方法可以在JSP与Servlet中取得IOC容器的引用。

6.运行上面代码中的单元测试方法testSpring(),便可看到运行后的结果,表实Web应用成功集成了Spring框架。
快速搭建SSM项目_第2张图片

集成Spring MVC框架

添加Maven依赖包到pom.xml文件中


    5.0.4.RELEASE
    4.0.0
    1.2


    jstl
    jstl
    ${jstl.version}


    javax.servlet
    javax.servlet-api
    ${javax.servlet.version}


    org.springframework
    spring-webmvc
    ${spring.version}

其次,在web.xml配置文件中添加DispatcherServlet配置


<servlet>
    <servlet-name>spring-dispatcherservlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletservlet-class>
    
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xmlparam-value>
    init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1load-on-startup>
servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>spring-dispatcherservlet-name>
    
    <url-pattern>/url-pattern>
servlet-mapping>
  • DispatcherServlet类:DispatcherServlet是前置控制器,主要用于拦截匹配的请求,拦截匹配规则要自己定义,把拦截下来的请求,依据相应的规则分发到目标Controller来处理,这是配置Spring MVC的第一步。

  • init-param:整个项目的局部变量,相当于设定了一个固定值,只能在当前的Servlet中被使用。param-name是,相当于参数名,param-value是值,相当于参数值。容器启动时会加载配置文件spring-mvc.xml。

  • load-on-startup:表示启动容器时初始化该Servlet。当值为0或者大于0时,表示容器在应用启动时加载并初始化这个Servlet。如果值小于或未指定时,则表示容器在该Servlet被选择时才加载。正值越小,Servlet的优先级越高,应用启动时就越先加载。值相同时,容器就会自己选择加载的顺序。

  • servlet-mapping:标签声明了与该Servlet相应的匹配规则,每个标签代表1个匹配规则。

  • url-pattern:URL匹配规则,表示哪些请求交给Sping MVC处理,“/”表示拦截所有的请求。

URL匹配规则有如下几种:

(1)精准匹配

中的配置项必须与URL完全精准匹配。

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>spring-dispatcherservlet-name>
    
    <url-pattern>/cyurl-pattern>
    <url-pattern>/index.htmlurl-pattern>
    <url-pattern>/test/cy.htmlurl-pattern>
servlet-mapping>

当在浏览器输入如下几种URL时,都会被匹配到该Servlet,具体代码如下:

http://localhost/cy
http://localhost/index.html
http://localhost/test/cy.html

(2)扩展名匹配

以“*”开头的字符串被用于扩展名匹配。

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>spring-dispatcherservlet-name>
    
    <url-pattern>*.jspurl-pattern>>
servlet-mapping>

当在浏览器输入如下几种URL时,都会被匹配到该Servlet,具体代码如下:

http://localhost/cy.html
http://localhost/cz.html

(3)路径匹配

以“/“字符开头,并以”/*“结尾的字符串用于路径匹配。

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>spring-dispatcherservlet-name>
    
    <url-pattern>/cy/*url-pattern>>
servlet-mapping>

当在浏览器输入如下几种URL时,都会被匹配到该Servlet,具体代码如下:

http://localhost/cy/cy.jsp
http://localhost/cy/cy.html
http://localhost/cy/action
http://localhost/cy/xxxx
http://localhost/cy/xxxxx.do

*注意:路径匹配和扩展名无法同时设置,如果设置了,启动Tomcat服务器会报错。

(4)默认匹配

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>spring-dispatcherservlet-name>
    
    <url-pattern>/url-pattern>
servlet-mapping>

(5)匹配顺序

当一个URL与多个Servlet的匹配规则可以匹配时,则按照"精确路径>最长路径>扩展名“这样的优先级匹配到对应的Servlet。

接着,在/src/main/resources目录下创建配置文件spring-mvc.xml,具体的代码如下:


<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.cy.controller">context:component-scan>
    
    <mvc:annotation-driven>mvc:annotation-driven>
    
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView">property>
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/">property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp">property>
    bean>

beans>
  • context:component-scan:扫描base-package包或者子包下所有的controller类,并把匹配的controller类注册成Bean。

  • mvc:annotation-driven/:该注解会自动注册RequestMappingHandlerMapping和RequestMappingHandlerAdapter两个Bean,是Spring MVC为@Controller分发请求所必须的,并提供的数据绑定支持

  • InternalResourceViewResolver:最常用的视图解析器,当控制层返回”hello“时,InternalResourceViewResolver解析器会自动添加前缀和后缀,最终路径结果为:/WEB-INF/views/hello.jsp。

最后,在/src/main/java目录下创建包com.cy.controller,并创建控制层类CyTestController,具体代码如下:

package com.cy.controller;


import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class CyTestController {

    @GetMapping("/sayHello")
    public String sayHello(){
        return "hello";
    }
}

在/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF目录下创建views文件夹,在views文件夹下创建hello.jsp文件,具体代码如下:

<%@page language="java" contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>



    Getting started:Serving Web Content
    


hello,world!


至此,Web项目集成Spring MVC大功告成。把项目部署到Tomcat服务器上,成功启动服务器后,在浏览器输入访问路径:http://localhost:8080/test/sayHello。当出现如图所示的结果,代表Web项目成功集成了Spring MVC。
快速搭建SSM项目_第3张图片

集成Mybatis框架

把集成Mybatis框架所需要的依赖包添加到pom.xml文件中,具体代码如下:


    5.0.4.RELEASE
    4.0.0
    1.2
    3.4.6
    8.0.29
    1.1.9
    1.3.2


    mysql
    mysql-connector-java
    ${mysql.connector.java.version}


    com.alibaba
    druid
    ${druid.version}


    org.springframework
    spring-jdbc
    ${spring.version}


    org.mybatis
    mybatis
    ${mybatis.version}


    org.mybatis
    mybatis-spring
    ${mybatis.spring.version}

其次,在/src/main/resources目录下创建jdbc.properties配置文件,具体的代码如下:

#驱动
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
#mysql连接信息
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/databaseName?serverTimezone=GMT
#用户名
jdbc.username=root
#密码
jdbc.password=123456

在applicationContext.xml配置文件中添加如下的配置:


<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/>

<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
      init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}">property>
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}">property>
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}">property>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}">property>
bean>

<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    
    <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
bean>
<bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
    <constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
bean>
<bean id="mapperScannerConfigurer" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    <property name="basePackage" value="com.cy.dao"/>
bean>

在/src/main/java/com/cy/model目录下创建数据库的表对应的实体类对象User

public class User implements Serializable {

    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String nickname;
    private String email;
    private String phone;
    private String address;
    private Date create_time;
    private String avatar_url;
    private String role;
    //省略set、get方法
}

在/src/main/java/com.cy.dao目录下创建对应的DAO对象UserDao,UserDao是一个接口,提供了findAll方法用来查询所有的用户。

package com.cy.dao;

import com.cy.model.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

@Repository
public interface UserDao {
    List<User> findAll();
}

在/src/main/java/com.cy.service目录下创建对应的服务层接口UserService,服务层接口UserService只提供了一个查询所有用户的方法findAll()。

package com.cy.service;

import com.cy.model.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserService {
    List<User> findAll();
}

在/src/main/java/com.cy.service.impl开发对应的服务层实现类UserServiceImpl,实现类树妖注入UserDao接口,并实现findAll()方法。

package com.cy.service.impl;

import com.cy.dao.UserDao;
import com.cy.model.User;
import com.cy.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;


@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Resource
    private UserDao userDao;
    @Override
    public List<User> findAll() {
        return userDao.findAll();
    }
}

在/src/main/java/com.cy.controller目录下创建控制层类UserController,并注入服务层接口。

package com.cy.controller;

import com.cy.model.User;
import com.cy.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/user")
public class UserController {

    @Resource
    private UserService userService;

    @GetMapping("/findAll")
    public String findAll(Model model){
        List<User> userList = userService.findAll();
        for (User user:userList){
            System.out.println("id:"+user.getId());
            System.out.println("name:"+user.getUsername());
        }
        return "hello";
    }
}

在/src/main/resources/mapper目录下创建UserMapper.xml文件。


DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.cy.dao.UserDao">
    <sql id="userField">
        sys_user.id as "id",
        sys_user.username as "username",
        sys_user.password as "password",
        sys_user.nickname as "nickname",
        sys_user.email as "email",
        sys_user.phone as "phone",
        sys_user.address as "address",
        sys_user.create_time as "create_time",
        sys_user.avatar_url as "avatar_url",
        sys_user.role as "role"
    sql>

    <select id="findAll" resultType="com.cy.model.User">
        select
        <include refid="userField"/>
        from sys_user
    select>
mapper>

标签说明:

  • mapper:namespace主要用于绑定Dao接口。
  • select id=“findAll”:select标签,用来编写select查询语句,id属性值与UserDao接口中的方法名逐一对应。

集成Log4j日志框架

在pom.xml文件中添加所需依赖包



    1.7.7
    1.2.17


    log4j
    log4j
    ${log4j.version}


    org.slf4j
    slf4j-api
    ${slf4j.version}


    org.slf4j
    slf4j-log4j12
    ${slf4j.version}

在/src/main/java/resources/下创建配置文件log4j.properties文件。

### set log levels ###
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,Console

#Console
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p [%c] - %m%n

集成Junit4测试框架

在pom.xml文件中添加相关依赖包


    junit
    junit
    4.12

在/src/main/test/com.cy.test目录下创建测试基类

package com.cy.test;


import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class BaseJunit4Test {
}

在/src/main/test/com.cy.test目录下创建测试类,简单测试是否成功集成了JUnit框架,具体代码如下:

package com.cy.test;

import com.cy.dao.UserDao;
import com.cy.model.User;
import org.junit.Test;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoTest extends BaseJunit4Test {

    @Resource
    private UserDao userDao;

    @Test
    public void testFindAll() {
        List<User> userList = userDao.findAll();
        System.out.println(userList.size());
    }
}

UserDaoTest 类需要继承 BaseJunit4Test 测试基类。UserDaoTest 类代码开发完成之后,运行testFindAll方法,便可在控制台看到相关的输出信息。

Mybatis映射器与动态SQL

Mybatis映射器

Mybatis提供了强大的映射器,并且提供了丰富的映射器元素。

select元素
<select id="findById" parameterType="int" resultType="resultType="com.cy.model.User"">
    select *
    from sys_user
    where id = #{id}
select>

接口UserDao中定义的方法:

User findById(Integer id);

示例一:通过名称查询用户

<select id="findByName" parameterType="String" resultType="com.cy.model.User">
    select *
    from sys_user
    where username = #{username}
select>

对应的UserDao接口如下

User findByName(String username);

示例二:通过名称查询用户个数

<select id="countByRole" parameterType="String" resultType="int">
    select count(*)
    from sys_user
    where role = #{role}
select>

对应的UserDao接口如下

int countByRole(String role);
insert元素

示例1:插入用户数据

<insert id="insert" parameterType="com.cy.model.User">
    insert into sys_user(id, username, password, nickname, email, phone, address, create_time, avatar_url, role)
    values (#{id}, #{username}, #{password}, #{nickname}, #{email}, #{phone}, #{address}, #{create_time},
    #{avatar_url}, #{role})
insert>

示例2:插入用户数据,主键自增

<insert id="insert" parameterType="com.cy.model.User" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
    insert into sys_user(id, username, password, nickname, email, phone, address, create_time, avatar_url, role)
    values (#{id}, #{username}, #{password}, #{nickname}, #{email}, #{phone}, #{address}, #{create_time},
    #{avatar_url}, #{role})
insert>

对应的UserDao接口如下:

int insert(User user);
update元素
<update id="update" parameterType="com.cy.model.User">
    update sys_user set
    username=#{username},
    password=#{password},
    nickname=#{nickname}
    where id = #{id}
update>

对应的UserDao接口如下

int update(User user);
delete元素
<delete id="delete" parameterType="int">
    delete
    from sys_user
    where id = #{id}
delete>

对应的UserDao接口如下:

int delete(Integer id);
sql元素
    <sql id="userField">
        su.id as "id",
        su.username as "username",
        su.password as "password",
        su.nickname as "nickname",
        su.email  as  "email",
        su.phone  as  "phone",
        su.address  as "address",
        su.create_time  as  "create_time",
        su.avatar_url  as  "avatar_url",
        su.role  as "role"
    sql>

    <select id="findAll" resultMap="UserMap">
        select
        <include refid="userField"/>
        from sys_user as su
    select>

使用include元素的refid属性进行引用

    <sql id="userField">
        ${prefix}.id as "id",
        ${prefix}.username as "username",
        ${prefix}.password as "password",
        ${prefix}.nickname as "nickname",
        ${prefix}.email  as  "email",
        ${prefix}.phone  as  "phone",
        ${prefix}.address  as "address",
        ${prefix}.create_time  as  "create_time",
        ${prefix}.avatar_url  as  "avatar_url",
        ${prefix}.role  as "role"
    sql>

    <select id="findAll" resultMap="UserMap">
        select
        <include refid="userField">
            <property name="prefix" value="su"/>
        include>
        from sys_user as su
    select>
#与$的区别

(1)#{}将传入的数据都当成一个字符串,会对自动传入的数据加一个双引号,具体实例如下:

order by #{id}
//如果id传入11,则sql解析成:
order by "11"

(2)${}将传入的数据直接显示生成在sql中,具体示例如下:

order by #{id}
//如果id传入11,则sql解析成:
order by 11

(3)#方式能够很大程度防止sql注入,$方式无法防止sql注入。

综上所述,一般采用#,而不是$。

resultMap结果映射集
 <sql id="userField">
        ${prefix}.id as "id",
        ${prefix}.username as "username",
        ${prefix}.password as "password",
        ${prefix}.nickname as "nickname",
        ${prefix}.email  as  "email",
        ${prefix}.phone  as  "phone",
        ${prefix}.address  as "address",
        ${prefix}.create_time  as  "create_time",
        ${prefix}.avatar_url  as  "avatar_url",
        ${prefix}.role  as "role"
    sql>

    
    <resultMap id="UserMap" type="com.cy.model.User">
        <id property="id" column="id">id>
        <result property="username" column="username">result>
        <result property="password" column="password">result>
        <result property="nickname" column="nickname">result>
        <result property="email" column="email">result>
        <result property="phone" column="phone">result>
        <result property="address" column="address">result>
        <result property="create_time" column="create_time">result>
        <result property="avatar_url" column="avatar_url">result>
        <result property="role" column="role">result>
    resultMap>

    <select id="findAll" resultMap="UserMap">
        select
        <include refid="userField">
            <property name="prefix" value="su"/>
        include>
        from sys_user as su
    select>

动态SQL

if元素
    <sql id="userField">
        ${prefix}.id as "id",
        ${prefix}.username as "username",
        ${prefix}.password as "password",
        ${prefix}.nickname as "nickname",
        ${prefix}.email  as  "email",
        ${prefix}.phone  as  "phone",
        ${prefix}.address  as "address",
        ${prefix}.create_time  as  "create_time",
        ${prefix}.avatar_url  as  "avatar_url",
        ${prefix}.role  as "role"
    sql>


    <resultMap id="UserMap" type="com.cy.model.User">
        <id property="id" column="id">id>
        <result property="username" column="username">result>
        <result property="password" column="password">result>
        <result property="nickname" column="nickname">result>
        <result property="email" column="email">result>
        <result property="phone" column="phone">result>
        <result property="address" column="address">result>
        <result property="create_time" column="create_time">result>
        <result property="avatar_url" column="avatar_url">result>
        <result property="role" column="role">result>
    resultMap>


    <select id="findByNameAndPassword" parameterType="String" resultMap="UserMap">
        select
        <include refid="userField">
            <property name="prefix" value="su"/>
        include>
        from sys_user su
        where 1=1
        <if test="username != null and username!=''">
            and username = #{username}
        if>
        <if test="password != null and password!=''">
            and password = #{password}
        if>
    select>
    

对应的UserDao接口代码如下:

List<User> findByNameAndPassword(@Param("username") String username, @Param("password") String password);
choose、when、otherwise元素

与if元素二重选择相比,choose、when、otherwise元素提供了三重选择,有点类似switch…case…default语句,具体代码如下:

    <sql id="userField">
        su.id as "id",
        su.username as "username",
        su.password as "password",
        su.nickname as "nickname",
        su.email  as  "email",
        su.phone  as  "phone",
        su.address  as "address",
        su.create_time  as  "create_time",
        su.avatar_url  as  "avatar_url",
        su.role  as "role"
    sql>
    
   
    <resultMap id="UserMap" type="com.cy.model.User">
        <id property="id" column="id">id>
        <result property="username" column="username">result>
        <result property="password" column="password">result>
        <result property="nickname" column="nickname">result>
        <result property="email" column="email">result>
        <result property="phone" column="phone">result>
        <result property="address" column="address">result>
        <result property="create_time" column="create_time">result>
        <result property="avatar_url" column="avatar_url">result>
        <result property="role" column="role">result>
    resultMap>

    <select id="findByNameAndPassword" parameterType="String" resultMap="UserMap">
        select
        <include refid="userField">include>
        from sys_user su
        where 1=1
        <choose>
            <when test="username!=null and username !=''">
                and username = #{username}
            when>
            <when test="password !=null and password!=''">
                and password = #{password}
            when>
            <otherwise>
                order by id desc
            otherwise>
        choose>
    select>
   

标签里可以包含多个标签,是可选的并不是必填选项

    <select id="findByNameAndPassword" parameterType="String" resultMap="UserMap">
        select
        <include refid="userField">include>
        from sys_user
        where 1=1
            <choose>
                <when test="username!=null and username !=''">
                    and username = #{username}
                when>
                <when test="password !=null and password!=''">
                    and password = #{password}
                when>
            choose>
    select>
trim、where、set元素
    <select id="findByNameAndPassword" parameterType="String" resultMap="UserMap">
        select
        <include refid="userField">
            <property name="prefix" value="su"/>
        include>
        from sys_user su
        <trim prefix="WHERE" prefixOverrides="AND">
            <choose>
                <when test="username!=null and username !=''">
                    and username = #{username}
                when>
                <when test="password !=null and password!=''">
                    and password = #{password}
                when>
                <otherwise>
                    order by id desc
                otherwise>
            choose>
        trim>
    select>
    <update id="update" parameterType="com.cy.model.User">
        update sys_user
        <trim prefix="SET" suffixOverrides=",">
            <if test="username!=null and username!=''">
                username=#{username},
            if>
            <if test="password!=null and password!=''">
                password=#{password},
            if>
            <if test="nickname!=null and nickname!=''">
                nickname=#{nickname}
            if>
        trim>
        where id = #{id}
    update>
  • prefix:表示在trim标签包裹的部分前面添加内容。注意:是在没有prefixOverrides,suffixOverrides属性的情况下。

  • prefixOverrides:有prefix属性的情况下,prefixOverrides属性表示去掉SQL语句前缀的内容。

  • suffix:表示在trim标签包裹的部分后面添加内容,注意:是在没有prefixOverrides,suffixOverrides属性的情况下。

  • suffixOverrides:有prefix属性的情况下,suffixOverrides属性表示去掉SQL语句后缀的内容。

where1=1这样的条件显然很奇怪,所以可以使用WHERE标签优化上面的SQL语句,具体代码如下:

    <select id="findByName" parameterType="String" resultType="com.cy.model.User">
        select *
        from sys_user
        <where>
            <if test="username!=null and username != '' ">
                username = #{username}
            if>
        where>
    select>
foreach元素
//根据Id集合查询用户列表    
<select id="findByIds" resultType="list" resultMap="UserMap">
        select * from sys_user
        where id in
        <foreach item="item" index="index" collection="list" open="(" separator="," close=")">
            #{item}
        foreach>
    select>

foreach元素的属性

  • item:循环中当前的元素
  • index:配置的是当前元素在集合的位置,即下标
  • collection:接口传进来的参数名称,可以是一个数组、列表(List)、集合(Set)
  • open:配置的是以什么符号作为起始符号将集合的元素包装起来,如"("
  • separator:各个元素的分隔符
  • close:配置的是以什么符号作为终止符号将集合的元素包装起来,如")"
bind元素

bind元素可以从OGNL表达式中创建一个变量并将其绑定到上下文。在惊醒模糊查询时,比如通过用户名称username拆线呢用户,就常会用到bind元素。

示例:

<select id="findByNameAndPassword" parameterType="String" resultType="com.cy.model.User">
    <bind name="name_pattern" value="'%'+username+'%'"/>
    <bind name="password_pattern" value="'%'+password+'%'"/>
    select * from sys_user 
    <where>
        <if test="username != null and username!=''">
            and username like #{name_pattern}
        if>
        <if test="password != null and password!=''">
            and password like #{password_pattern}
        if>
    where>
select>

在上述的select语句中,定义了多个bind元素,bind元素的属性value的值:"‘%’+username+‘%’"会赋值给name_pattern,然后就可以在SQL中直接使用name_pattern变量。

分页插件 PageHelper

在项目的pom.xml文件中添加PageHelper依赖包

		<dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
            <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.4</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <!--springmvc进行json转换需要的jar包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.6</version>
        </dependency>

在applicationContext.xml文件中添加PageHelper相关的配置


    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>

        
        <property name="plugins">
            <array>
                <bean class="com.github.pagehelper.PageInterceptor">
                    <property name="properties">
                        <value>
                        
                            helperDialect=mysql
                            reasonable=true
                        value>
                    property>
                bean>
            array>
        property>
    bean>

在UserDaoTest编写测试用例,具体的代码如下:

    @Test
    public void testPageHelper() {
        PageHelper.startPage(1,5);
        List<User> userList = userDao.findAll();
        PageInfo pageInfo=new PageInfo(userList);
        System.out.println(pageInfo);
    }

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