《C Primer Plus》第14章复习题与编程练习
《C Primer Plus》第14章复习题与编程练习
- 复习题
-
- 1. 以下模板有什么错误？
- 2. 下面是某程序的一部分。输出会是什么？
- 3. 设计一个结构模板，保存一个月份名、一个3个字母的该月份的缩写、该月的天数，以及月份号。
- 4. 定义一个含有12个第3题中那种类型的结构的数组，并把它初始化为一个年份（非闰年）
- 5. 编写一个函数。当给出月份号后，程序返回一年中到该月为止（包括该月）总共的天数。假定在外部声明了第3题中的结构模板和一个该结构的数组。
- 6.
- 7. 考虑下面的程序段：
- 8. 考虑下列声明：
- 9. 定义一个适合保存下列项目的结构模板：一辆汽车的名称、马力、市内行驶的EPA英里每加仑(mpg)等级、轴距和使用年数。用car作为模板标记。
- 10. 假设有以下结构：
- 11. 声明一个枚举类型，使用choices作为标记，将枚举常量no、yes和maybe分别设置为0、1和2。
- 12. 声明一个指向函数的指针。该函数的返回值是一个char指针，参数为一个char指针和一个char值。
- 13. 声明4个函数，并把一个指针数组初始化为指向它们。每个函数接受两个double参数并返回一个double值。另外，用两种方法使用该数组调用带10.0和2.5实参的第2个函数。
- 编程练习
-
- 1. 重新编写复习题5
- 2. 返回一年中到用户指定日子（包括这一天）的总天数
- 3. 按照要求输出图书的信息
- 4. 传值 / 传地址打印数据
- 5. 班级
- 6. 垒球队
- 7. book记录
- 8. 巨人航空公司
- 9. 巨人航空公司2
- 10. 函数指针数组
- 11. transform()
复习题
1. 以下模板有什么错误？
structure {
char itable;
int num[20];
char * togs
}
正确的关键字是struct而不是structure。模板需要在开始花括号前有一个标记或在结束花括号后有一个变量名。在*togs后面和在模板结尾处都应该有一个分号。
2. 下面是某程序的一部分。输出会是什么？
#include 6 1
22 Spiffo Road
S p
3. 设计一个结构模板，保存一个月份名、一个3个字母的该月份的缩写、该月的天数，以及月份号。
struct month {
char name[30];
char sup_name[4];
int days;
int month_day;
};
4. 定义一个含有12个第3题中那种类型的结构的数组，并把它初始化为一个年份（非闰年）
struct month months[12] =
{
{“January”, “jan”, 31, 1},
{“February”, “feb”, 28, 2},
{“March”, “mar”, 31, 3},
{“April”, “apr”, 30, 4},
{“May”, “may”, 31, 5},
{“June”, “jun”, 30, 6},
{“July”, “jul”, 31, 7},
{“August”, “aug”, 31, 8},
{“September”, “sep”, 30, 9},
{“October”, “oct”, 31, 10},
{“November”, “nov”, 30, 11},
{“December”, “dec”, 31, 12}
};
5. 编写一个函数。当给出月份号后，程序返回一年中到该月为止（包括该月）总共的天数。假定在外部声明了第3题中的结构模板和一个该结构的数组。
#include 6.
a.给定下面的typedef，声明一个10个元素的指定结构的数组。然后通过各个成员赋值（或等价字符串），使第3个元素描述一个焦距长度为500mm，孔径为f/2.0的Remarkata镜头。
typedef struct lens { /* 镜头描述 */
float foclen; /* 焦距长度 */
float fstop; /* 孔径 */
char brand[30]; /* 品牌名称 */
} LENS;
b.重复a，但在声明中使用一个指定初始化项目列表，而不是对每个成员使用单独的赋值语句。
答：
a.
typedef struct lens { /* 镜头描述 /
float foclen; / 焦距长度 /
float fstop; / 孔径 /
char brand[30]; / 品牌名称 */
} LENS;
LENS arr[10];
arr[2].foclen = 500;
arr[2].fstop = 2.0;
strcpy(arr[2].brand, “Remarkata”); // #include
b.
typedef struct lens { /* 镜头描述 /
float foclen; / 焦距长度 /
float fstop; / 孔径 /
char brand[30]; / 品牌名称 */
} LENS;
LENS arr[10] = { [2] = {500, 2.0, “Remarkata”} };
7. 考虑下面的程序段：
struct name {
char first[20];
char last[20];
};
struct bem {
int limbs;
struct name title;
char type[30];
};
struct bem * pb;
struct bem deb = {
6,
{"Berbnazel", "Gwolkapwolk"},
"Arcturan"
};
pb = &deb;
a.下列每个语句会打印出什么？
printf("%d\n", deb.limbs);
printf("%s\n", pb->type);
printf("%s\n", pb->type + 2);
b.
怎样用结构符号表示"Gwolkapwolk"（使用两种方法）？
c.
编写一个函数，以一个bem结构的地址作为参数，并以下面所示的形式输出结构内容。假定结构模板在一个名为starfolk.h的文件中。
Berbnazel Gwolkapwolk is a 6-limbed Arcturan.
答：
a.
6
Arcturan
cturan
b.
deb.title.last
pb->title.last
c.
#include 8. 考虑下列声明：
struct fullname {
char fname[20];
char lname[20];
};
struct bard {
struct fullname name;
int born;
int died;
};
struct bard willie;
struct bard *pt = &willie;
a.使用willie标识符表示willie结构的born成员。
b.使用pt标识符表示willie结构的born成员。
c.使用一个scanf()函数调用为通过willie标识符表示的born成员读入一个值。
d.使用一个scanf()函数调用为通过pt标识符表示的born成员读入一个值。
e.使用一个scanf()函数调用为通过willie标识符表示的name成员的lname成员读入一个值。
f.使用一个scanf()函数调用为通过pt标识符表示的name成员的lname成员读入一个值。
g.构造一个标识符，表示willie变量描述的人的名字的第3个字母。
h.构造一个表达式，表示willie变量描述的人的姓和名的所有字母数。
答：
a.willie.born
b.pt->born
c.scanf(“%d”, &willie.born);
d.scanf(“%d”, &pt->born);
e.scanf(“%s”, willie.name.lname);
f.scanf(“%s”, pt->name.lname);
g.willie.name.fname[2]; （我觉得有欠考虑，万一姓不足3个字母怎么办？）
h.strlen(willie.name.fname) + strlen(willie.name.lname);
9. 定义一个适合保存下列项目的结构模板：一辆汽车的名称、马力、市内行驶的EPA英里每加仑(mpg)等级、轴距和使用年数。用car作为模板标记。
struct car {
char name[20];
float hp;
float epampg;
float wbase;
int year;
};
10. 假设有以下结构：
struct gas {
float distance;
float gals;
float mpg;
};
a.设计一个函数，它接受一个struct gas参数。假定传递进来的结构包括distance和gals信息。函数为mpg成员正确计算出值并返回这个现在完整的结构。
b.设计一个函数，它接受一个struct gas参数的地址。假定传递进来的结构包括distance和gals信息。函数为mpg成员正确计算出值并把它赋给恰当的成员。
答：
a.
struct gas mpgs(struct gas fp)
{
if(fp.gals > 0)
fp.mpg = fp.distance / fp.gals;
else
fp.mpg = -1.0;
return fp;
}
b.
void set_mpgs(struct gas * fp)
{
if(fp->gals > 0)
fp->mpg = fp->distance / fp->gals;
else
fp->mpg = -1.0;
}
11. 声明一个枚举类型，使用choices作为标记，将枚举常量no、yes和maybe分别设置为0、1和2。
enum choices {no, yes, maybe};
12. 声明一个指向函数的指针。该函数的返回值是一个char指针，参数为一个char指针和一个char值。
char * (* fp)(char *, char);
13. 声明4个函数，并把一个指针数组初始化为指向它们。每个函数接受两个double参数并返回一个double值。另外，用两种方法使用该数组调用带10.0和2.5实参的第2个函数。
double f1(double, double);
double f2(double, double);
double f3(double, double);
double f4(double, double);
double (*fp[4])(double, double) = {f1, f2, f3, f4};
调用：
fp[1](10.0, 2.5);
(*fp[1])(10.0, 2.5);
编程练习
1. 重新编写复习题5
重新编写复习题5，用月份名的拼写代替月份号（别忘了使用strcmp()）。在一个简单的程序中测试该函数。
代码：
months.h：
#ifndef MONTHS_H
#define MONTHS_H
struct month
{
char name[20];
char abbrev[4];
int days;
int monumb;
}; // 结构模板
extern struct month months[12];
#endif
months.cpp：
#include "months.h"
struct month months[12] =
{
{"January", "Jan", 31, 1},
{"February", "Feb", 28, 2},
{"March", "Mar", 31, 3},
{"April", "Apr", 30, 4},
{"May", "May", 31, 5},
{"June", "Jun", 30, 6},
{"July", "Jul", 31, 7},
{"August", "Aug", 31, 8},
{"September", "Sep", 30, 9},
{"October", "Oct", 31, 10},
{"November", "Nov", 3, 11},
{"December", "Dec", 31, 12}}; // 结构数组
14.1.cpp：
#include 运行结果：
2. 返回一年中到用户指定日子（包括这一天）的总天数
编写一个函数，提示用户输入日、月和年。月份可以是月份号、月份名或月份名缩写。然后该 程序应返回一年中到用户指定日子（包括这一天）的总天数。
代码：
#include 运行结果：
3. 按照要求输出图书的信息
修改程序清单14.2中的图书目录程序，使其按照输入图书的顺序输出图书的信息，然后按照标题字母的声明输出图书的信息，最后按照价格的升序输出图书的信息。
代码：
#include 运行结果：
4. 传值 / 传地址打印数据
编写一个程序，创建一个有两个成员的结构模板：
a．第1个成员是社会保险号，第2个成员是一个有3个成员的结构，第1个成员代表名，第2 个成员代表中间名，第3个成员表示姓。创建并初始化一个内含5个该类型结构的数组。该程序以下 面的格式打印数据：
Dribble, Flossie M. –– 302039823
如果有中间名，只打印它的第1个字母，后面加一个点（.）；如果没有中间名，则不用打印 点。编写一个程序进行打印，把结构数组传递给这个函数。
b．修改a部分，传递结构的值而不是结构的地址。
a.
代码：
#include 运行结果：
b.
代码：
#include 运行结果：
5. 班级
编写一个程序满足下面的要求。
a. 外部定义一个有两个成员的结构模板name: 一个字符串储存名，一个字符串储存姓。
b. 外部定义一个有3个成员的结构模板student: 一个name类型的结构，一个grade数组储存3个浮点型分数，一个变量储存3个分数平均数。
c. 在main()函数中声明一个内含CSIZE (CSIZE = 4)个student类型结构的数组，并初始化这些结构的名字部分。用函数执行d、e、f和g中描述的任务。
d. 以交互的方式获取每个学生的成绩，提示用户输入学生的姓名和分数。把分数储存到grade数组相应的结构中。可以在main()函数或其他函数中用循环来完成。
e. 计算每个结构的平均分，并把计算后的值赋给合适的成员。
f. 打印每个结构的信息。
g. 打印班级的平均分，即所有结构的数值成员的平均值。
代码：
student.h：
#ifndef STUDENT_H
#define STUDENT_H
#define LEN 15
#define CSIZE 4
#define SCORES 3
struct names
{
char fname[LEN];
char lname[LEN];
};
struct student
{
struct names name;
float grade[SCORES];
float average;
};
extern struct student s[CSIZE];
#endif
student.cpp：
#include "student.h"
struct student s[CSIZE] =
{
{"Flip", "Snide"},
{"Clare", "Voyans"},
{"Bingo", "Higgs"},
{"Fawn", "Hunter"}}; // 结构数组
main.cpp：
#include 运行结果：
6. 垒球队
一个文本文件中保存着一个垒球队的信息。每行数据都是这样排列:
4 Jessie Joybat 5 2 1 1
第1项是球员号，为方便起见，其范围是0~18。第2项是球员的名。第3项是球员的姓。名和姓都是一个单词。第4项是官方统计的球员上场次数。接着3项分别是击中数、走垒数和打点(RBI)。
文件可能包含多场比赛的数据，所以同一位球员可能有多行数据，而且同一位球员的多行数据之间可能有其他球员的数据。编写一个程序，把数据储存到一个结构数组中。该结构中的成员要分别表示球员的名、姓、上场次数、击中数、走垒数、打点和安打率(稍后计算)。可以使用球员号作为数组的索引。该程序要读到文件结尾，并统计每位球员的各项累计总和。
世界棒球统计与之相关。例如，一次走垒和触垒中的失误不计入上场次数，但是可能产生一个RBI。但是该程序要做的是像下面描述的一样读取和处理数据文件，不会关心数据的实际含义。
要实现这些功能，最简单的方法是把结构的内容都初始化为零，把文件中的数据读入临时变量中, 然后将其加入相应的结构中。程序读完文件后，应计算每位球员的安打率，并把计算结果储存到结构的相应成员中。计算安打率是用球员的累计击中数除以上场累计次数。这是一个浮点数计算。最后，程序结合整个球队的统计数据，一行显示一位球员的累计数据。
代码：
#include data.txt：
18 Jessie Joybat 5 2 1 1
3 Jee Jot 6 3 2 1
6 Zhang san 6 3 2 1
1 Lily Neo 10 3 6 2
18 Jessie Joybat 5 2 1 1
运行结果：
另一种写法，使用了临时变量，最后还统计了所有球员的信息：
#include 7. book记录
修改程序清单14.14，从文件中读取每条记录并显示出来，允许用户删除记录或修改记录的内容。如果删除记录，把空出来的空间留给下一个要读入的记录。要修改现有的文件内容，必须用" r+b"模式，而不是"a+b"模式。而且，必须更加注意定位文件指针，防止新加入的记录覆盖现有记录。最简单的方法是改动储存在内存中的所有数据，然后再把最后的信息写入文件。跟踪的一个 方法是在book结构中添加一个成员表示是否该项被删除。
代码：
#include 运行结果：
另一段代码：
#include " );
if (getlet("yn") == 'y')
{
printf("Enter c to change, d to delete this entry. " );
if (getlet("cd") == 'd') // 删除该记录(并不立即实现该功能)
{
library[count].delete_me = true;
deleted++;
puts("Entry marked for deletion.");
}
else
update(&library[count]); // 修改该记录(修改要比删除简单)
}
count++;
}
fclose(pbooks);
}
filecount = count - deleted;
if (count == MAXBKS)
{
fputs("The book.dat file is full.", stderr);
exit(1);
}
puts("Please add new book titles.");
puts("Press [enter] at the start of a line to stop.");
open = 0;
while (filecount < MAXBKS)
{
if (filecount < count)
{
while (library[open].delete_me == false)
open++;
if (getbook(&library[open]) == 1)
break;
}
else if (getbook(&library[filecount]) == 1)
break;
filecount++;
if (filecount < MAXBKS)
puts("Enter the new book title.");
}
puts("Here is the list of your books: ");
for (index = 0; index < filecount; index++) // 此处应该为count
if (library[index].delete_me == false)
printf("%s by %s: $%.2f\n", library[index].book.title, library[index].book.author, library[index].book.value);
if ((pbooks = fopen("book.dat", "w")) == NULL)
{
puts("Can't open book.dat file for output.");
exit(2);
}
for (index = 0; index < filecount; index++) // 此处应该为count
if (library[index].delete_me == false)
fwrite(&(library[index].book), size, 1, pbooks);
puts("Bye.\n");
fclose(pbooks);
system("pause");
return 0;
}
int getlet(const char *s)
{
char c;
c = getchar();
while (strchr(s, c) == NULL)
{
printf("Enter the characters in the list %s\n", s);
while (getchar() != '\n')
continue;
c = getchar();
}
while (getchar() != '\n')
continue;
return c;
}
int getbook(struct pack *item)
{
int status = 0;
if (s_gets(item->book.title, MAXTITL) == NULL || item->book.title[0] == '\0')
status = 1;
else
{
printf("Now enter the author: ");
s_gets(item->book.author, MAXAUTL);
printf("Now enter the value: ");
while (scanf("%f", &item->book.value) != 1)
{
puts("Please use numeric input");
scanf("%*s");
}
while (getchar() != '\n')
continue;
item->delete_me = false;
}
return status;
}
void update(struct pack *item)
{
struct book copy;
char c;
copy = item->book;
puts("Enter the letter that indicates your choice: ");
puts("t) modify title a) modify author");
puts("v) modify value s) quit, saving changes");
puts("q) quit, ignore changes");
while ((c = getlet("tavsq")) != 's' && c != 'q')
{
switch (c)
{
case 't':
puts("Enter new title: ");
s_gets(copy.title, MAXTITL);
break;
case 'a':
puts("Enter new author: ");
s_gets(copy.author, MAXAUTL);
break;
case 'v':
puts("Enter new value: ");
while (scanf("%f", ©.value) != 1)
{
puts("Enter a numeric value: ");
scanf("%*s"); // *放在%和说明符之间，使得函数跳过相应的输入项目
}
while (getchar() != '\n')
continue;
break;
}
puts("t) modify title a) modify author");
puts("v) modify value s) quit, saving changes");
puts("q) quit, ignore changes");
}
if (c == 's')
item->book = copy;
}
char *s_gets(char *st, int n)
{
char *ret_val;
char *find;
ret_val = fgets(st, n, stdin);
if (ret_val)
{
find = strchr(ret_val, '\n');
if (find)
*find = '\0';
else
while (getchar() != '\n')
continue;
}
return ret_val;
}
运行结果：
Current contents of book.dat:
Deadly Farce by Dudley Forse: $15.99
Do you wish to change or delete this entry? y
Enter c to change, d to delete this entry. d
Entry marked for deletion.
Deadly Farce by Dudley Forse: $15.99
Do you wish to change or delete this entry? y
Enter c to change, d to delete this entry. c
Enter the letter that indicates your choice:
t) modify title a) modify author
v) modify value s) quit, saving changes
q) quit, ignore changes
a
Enter new author:
Yan Congcong
t) modify title a) modify author
v) modify value s) quit, saving changes
q) quit, ignore changes
v
Enter new value:
25.98
t) modify title a) modify author
v) modify value s) quit, saving changes
q) quit, ignore changes
s
Please add new book titles.
Press [enter] at the start of a line to stop.
C++ Primer Plus
Now enter the author: Xiye
Now enter the value: 60.00
Enter the new book title.
Here is the list of your books:
C++ Primer Plus by Xiye: $60.00
Deadly Farce by Yan Congcong: $25.98
Bye.
请按任意键继续. . .
8. 巨人航空公司
巨人航空公司的机群由12个座位的飞机组成。它每天飞行一个航班。根据下面的要求，编写一个座位预订程序。
a．该程序使用一个内含12个结构的数组。每个结构中包括：一个成员表示座位编号、一个 成员表示座位是否已被预订、一个成员表示预订人的名、一个成员表示预订人的姓。
b．该程序显示下面的菜单：
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
a) Show number of empty seats
b) Show list of empty seats
c) Show alphabetical list of seats
d) Assign a customer to a seat assignment
e) Delete a seat assignment
f) Quit
c．该程序能成功执行上面给出的菜单。选择d)和e)要提示用户进行额外输入，每个选项都能 让用户中止输入。
d．执行特定程序后，该程序再次显示菜单，除非用户选择f)。
代码：
#include 运行结果：
C:\Users\81228\Documents\Program\VScode C Program>cd chapter14/14.8
C:\Users\81228\Documents\Program\VScode C Program\chapter14\14.8>14.8
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
o) Show number of empty seats
e) Show list of empty seats
l) Show alphabetical list of seats
a) Assign a customer to a seat assignment
d) Delete a seat assignment
q) Quit
o
There are 12 empty seats.
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
o) Show number of empty seats
e) Show list of empty seats
l) Show alphabetical list of seats
a) Assign a customer to a seat assignment
d) Delete a seat assignment
q) Quit
e
The following seats are available:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
o) Show number of empty seats
e) Show list of empty seats
l) Show alphabetical list of seats
a) Assign a customer to a seat assignment
d) Delete a seat assignment
q) Quit
l
All seats are empty.
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
o) Show number of empty seats
e) Show list of empty seats
l) Show alphabetical list of seats
a) Assign a customer to a seat assignment
d) Delete a seat assignment
q) Quit
a
Which seat do you want? Choose from the list:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1
Enter the first name:
Xi
Enter the last name:
ye
Xi ye assigned to seat 1.
Enter a to accept assignment, c to cancal it.
a
Passenger assigned to seat.
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
o) Show number of empty seats
e) Show list of empty seats
l) Show alphabetical list of seats
a) Assign a customer to a seat assignment
d) Delete a seat assignment
q) Quit
o
There are 11 empty seats.
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
o) Show number of empty seats
e) Show list of empty seats
l) Show alphabetical list of seats
a) Assign a customer to a seat assignment
d) Delete a seat assignment
q) Quit
e
The following seats are available:
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
o) Show number of empty seats
e) Show list of empty seats
l) Show alphabetical list of seats
a) Assign a customer to a seat assignment
d) Delete a seat assignment
q) Quit
l
Seat 1: ye, Xi
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
o) Show number of empty seats
e) Show list of empty seats
l) Show alphabetical list of seats
a) Assign a customer to a seat assignment
d) Delete a seat assignment
q) Quit
d
Seat 1: ye Xi
Enter the number of the seat to be cancelled:
1
1
Xi ye to be cancelled for seat.
Enter d to delete assignment, a to abort.
d
Passenger dropped.
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
o) Show number of empty seats
e) Show list of empty seats
l) Show alphabetical list of seats
a) Assign a customer to a seat assignment
d) Delete a seat assignment
q) Quit
o
There are 12 empty seats.
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
o) Show number of empty seats
e) Show list of empty seats
l) Show alphabetical list of seats
a) Assign a customer to a seat assignment
d) Delete a seat assignment
q) Quit
e
The following seats are available:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
o) Show number of empty seats
e) Show list of empty seats
l) Show alphabetical list of seats
a) Assign a customer to a seat assignment
d) Delete a seat assignment
q) Quit
l
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
o) Show number of empty seats
e) Show list of empty seats
l) Show alphabetical list of seats
a) Assign a customer to a seat assignment
d) Delete a seat assignment
q) Quit
q
Bye from Colossus Airlines!
请按任意键继续. . .
另一个可以运行的程序：
#include 运行结果：
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
a) Show number of empty seats
b) Show list of empty seats
c) Show alphabetical list of seat
d) Assign a customer to a seat
e) Delete a seat assignment
f) Quit
Please you enter to choose: a
There are 12 empty seats.
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
a) Show number of empty seats
b) Show list of empty seats
c) Show alphabetical list of seat
d) Assign a customer to a seat
e) Delete a seat assignment
f) Quit
Please you enter to choose: b
The following seats are available: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
a) Show number of empty seats
b) Show list of empty seats
c) Show alphabetical list of seat
d) Assign a customer to a seat
e) Delete a seat assignment
f) Quit
Please you enter to choose: c
All seats are empty.
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
a) Show number of empty seats
b) Show list of empty seats
c) Show alphabetical list of seat
d) Assign a customer to a seat
e) Delete a seat assignment
f) Quit
Please you enter to choose: d
Available seats: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Which seat do you want? Please you enter from the lists: 12
Enter first name:
Xi
Enter last name:
ye
Xi ye assigned to seat 12.
Enter a to accept assignment, c to cancel it: a
Passenger assigned to seat.
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
a) Show number of empty seats
b) Show list of empty seats
c) Show alphabetical list of seat
d) Assign a customer to a seat
e) Delete a seat assignment
f) Quit
Please you enter to choose: o
Invalid data! Please you choose again: a
There are 11 empty seats.
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
a) Show number of empty seats
b) Show list of empty seats
c) Show alphabetical list of seat
d) Assign a customer to a seat
e) Delete a seat assignment
f) Quit
Please you enter to choose: b
The following seats are available: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
a) Show number of empty seats
b) Show list of empty seats
c) Show alphabetical list of seat
d) Assign a customer to a seat
e) Delete a seat assignment
f) Quit
Please you enter to choose: c
Seat 12: ye, Xi
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
a) Show number of empty seats
b) Show list of empty seats
c) Show alphabetical list of seat
d) Assign a customer to a seat
e) Delete a seat assignment
f) Quit
Please you enter to choose: e
Seats currently taken:
Seat 12: ye, Xi
Enter the number of the seat to be deleted: 1
Seats: 12
Enter a number from this list:12
Xi ye to be canceled for seat 12.
Enter d to delete assignment, a to abort: d
Passenger dropped.
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
a) Show number of empty seats
b) Show list of empty seats
c) Show alphabetical list of seat
d) Assign a customer to a seat
e) Delete a seat assignment
f) Quit
Please you enter to choose:
9. 巨人航空公司2
巨人航空公司（编程练习8）需要另一架飞机（容量相同），每天飞4班（航班102、311、444 和519）。把程序扩展为可以处理4个航班。用一个顶层菜单提供航班选择和退出。选择一个特定 航班，就会出现和编程练习8类似的菜单。但是该菜单要添加一个新选项：确认座位分配。而且， 菜单中的退出是返回顶层菜单。每次显示都要指明当前正在处理的航班号。另外，座位分配显示 要指明确认状态。
代码：
#include 运行结果：
There are some airlines for you to choose.
a) Airline 102.
b) Airline 311.
c) Airline 444.
d) Airline 519.
q) Quit the program.
Please you enter to choose: a
The airline 102 is being processed.
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
a) Show number of empty seats
b) Show list of empty seats
c) Show alphabetical list of seat
d) Assign a customer to a seat
e) Delete a seat assignment
f) Quit
g) Confirm seat assignment
Please you enter to choose: a
There are 12 empty seats.
The airline 102 is being processed.
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
a) Show number of empty seats
b) Show list of empty seats
c) Show alphabetical list of seat
d) Assign a customer to a seat
e) Delete a seat assignment
f) Quit
g) Confirm seat assignment
Please you enter to choose: d
Available seats: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Which seat do you want? Please you enter from the lists: 7
Enter first name:
Xi
Enter last name:
ye
Xi ye assigned to seat 7.
Enter a to accept assignment, c to cancel it: a
Passenger assigned to seat.
The airline 102 is being processed.
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
a) Show number of empty seats
b) Show list of empty seats
c) Show alphabetical list of seat
d) Assign a customer to a seat
e) Delete a seat assignment
f) Quit
g) Confirm seat assignment
Please you enter to choose: c
Seat 7: ye, Xi
The airline 102 is being processed.
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
a) Show number of empty seats
b) Show list of empty seats
c) Show alphabetical list of seat
d) Assign a customer to a seat
e) Delete a seat assignment
f) Quit
g) Confirm seat assignment
Please you enter to choose: g
Seats assignment lists:
Seat 1 : unassigned.
Seat 2 : unassigned.
Seat 3 : unassigned.
Seat 4 : unassigned.
Seat 5 : unassigned.
Seat 6 : unassigned.
Seat 7 : assigned.
Seat 8 : unassigned.
Seat 9 : unassigned.
Seat 10: unassigned.
Seat 11: unassigned.
Seat 12: unassigned.
The airline 102 is being processed.
To choose a function, enter its letter label:
a) Show number of empty seats
b) Show list of empty seats
c) Show alphabetical list of seat
d) Assign a customer to a seat
e) Delete a seat assignment
f) Quit
g) Confirm seat assignment
Please you enter to choose: f
There are some airlines for you to choose.
a) Airline 102.
b) Airline 311.
c) Airline 444.
d) Airline 519.
q) Quit the program.
Please you enter to choose: q
10. 函数指针数组
编写一个程序，通过一个函数指针数组实现菜单。例如，选择菜单中的a，将激活由该数组第 1个元素指向的函数。
代码：
#include 运行结果：
11. transform()
编写一个名为transform()的函数，接受4个参数：内含double类型数据的源数组名、内含 double类型数据的目标数组名、一个表示数组元素个数的int 类型参数、函数名（或等价的函数指针）。transform()函数应把指定函数应用于源数组中的每个元素，并把返回值储存在目标数组 中。例如： transform(source, target, 100, sin); 该声明会把target[ 0]设置为sin( source[0])，等等，共有100个元素。在一个程序中调用transform()4次，以测试该函数。分别使用math.h函数库 中的两个函数以及自定义的两个函数作为参数。
代码：
#include 运行结果：
C:\Users\81228\Documents\Program\VScode C Program>cd chapter14
C:\Users\81228\Documents\Program\VScode C Program\chapter14>14.11
--------------------------target0数组--------------------------
2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 18.00 20.00
22.00 24.00 26.00 28.00 30.00 32.00 34.00 36.00 38.00 40.00
42.00 44.00 46.00 48.00 50.00 52.00 54.00 56.00 58.00 60.00
62.00 64.00 66.00 68.00 70.00 72.00 74.00 76.00 78.00 80.00
82.00 84.00 86.00 88.00 90.00 92.00 94.00 96.00 98.00 100.00
102.00 104.00 106.00 108.00 110.00 112.00 114.00 116.00 118.00 120.00
122.00 124.00 126.00 128.00 130.00 132.00 134.00 136.00 138.00 140.00
142.00 144.00 146.00 148.00 150.00 152.00 154.00 156.00 158.00 160.00
162.00 164.00 166.00 168.00 170.00 172.00 174.00 176.00 178.00 180.00
182.00 184.00 186.00 188.00 190.00 192.00 194.00 196.00 198.00 200.00
--------------------------target1数组--------------------------
0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00
5.50 6.00 6.50 7.00 7.50 8.00 8.50 9.00 9.50 10.00
10.50 11.00 11.50 12.00 12.50 13.00 13.50 14.00 14.50 15.00
15.50 16.00 16.50 17.00 17.50 18.00 18.50 19.00 19.50 20.00
20.50 21.00 21.50 22.00 22.50 23.00 23.50 24.00 24.50 25.00
25.50 26.00 26.50 27.00 27.50 28.00 28.50 29.00 29.50 30.00
30.50 31.00 31.50 32.00 32.50 33.00 33.50 34.00 34.50 35.00
35.50 36.00 36.50 37.00 37.50 38.00 38.50 39.00 39.50 40.00
40.50 41.00 41.50 42.00 42.50 43.00 43.50 44.00 44.50 45.00
45.50 46.00 46.50 47.00 47.50 48.00 48.50 49.00 49.50 50.00
--------------------------target2数组--------------------------
1.00 1.41 1.73 2.00 2.24 2.45 2.65 2.83 3.00 3.16
3.32 3.46 3.61 3.74 3.87 4.00 4.12 4.24 4.36 4.47
4.58 4.69 4.80 4.90 5.00 5.10 5.20 5.29 5.39 5.48
5.57 5.66 5.74 5.83 5.92 6.00 6.08 6.16 6.24 6.32
6.40 6.48 6.56 6.63 6.71 6.78 6.86 6.93 7.00 7.07
7.14 7.21 7.28 7.35 7.42 7.48 7.55 7.62 7.68 7.75
7.81 7.87 7.94 8.00 8.06 8.12 8.19 8.25 8.31 8.37
8.43 8.49 8.54 8.60 8.66 8.72 8.77 8.83 8.89 8.94
9.00 9.06 9.11 9.17 9.22 9.27 9.33 9.38 9.43 9.49
9.54 9.59 9.64 9.70 9.75 9.80 9.85 9.90 9.95 10.00
--------------------------target3数组--------------------------
0.84 0.91 0.14 -0.76 -0.96 -0.28 0.66 0.99 0.41 -0.54
-1.00 -0.54 0.42 0.99 0.65 -0.29 -0.96 -0.75 0.15 0.91
0.84 -0.01 -0.85 -0.91 -0.13 0.76 0.96 0.27 -0.66 -0.99
-0.40 0.55 1.00 0.53 -0.43 -0.99 -0.64 0.30 0.96 0.75
-0.16 -0.92 -0.83 0.02 0.85 0.90 0.12 -0.77 -0.95 -0.26
0.67 0.99 0.40 -0.56 -1.00 -0.52 0.44 0.99 0.64 -0.30
-0.97 -0.74 0.17 0.92 0.83 -0.03 -0.86 -0.90 -0.11 0.77
0.95 0.25 -0.68 -0.99 -0.39 0.57 1.00 0.51 -0.44 -0.99
-0.63 0.31 0.97 0.73 -0.18 -0.92 -0.82 0.04 0.86 0.89
0.11 -0.78 -0.95 -0.25 0.68 0.98 0.38 -0.57 -1.00 -0.51
Bye.
请按任意键继续. . .