在线扩容磁盘

编辑虚拟机，增加硬盘到50G。
到虚机里执行命令
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
echo 1 > /sys/class/scsi_device/2\:0\:0\:0/device/rescan
确认是第0个硬盘

root@ubuntu-server:/home/ubuntu# cat /proc/scsi/scsi
Attached devices:
Host: scsi2 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00
  Vendor: NECVMWar Model: VMware SATA CD00 Rev: 1.00
  Type:   CD-ROM                           ANSI  SCSI revision: 05
Host: scsi32 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00
  Vendor: VMware   Model: Virtual disk     Rev: 2.0
  Type:   Direct-Access                    ANSI  SCSI revision: 06
                       ANSI  SCSI revision: 05
使用fdisk/parted扩容

方法一：

步骤：删除分区--->新建分区---->写入变化。 查看当前状态

查看

ubuntu@ubuntu-server:~$ sudo fdisk -l
[sudo] password for ubuntu:
Disk /dev/loop0: 55.48 MiB, 58159104 bytes, 113592 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop1: 55.39 MiB, 58073088 bytes, 113424 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop3: 69.78 MiB, 73150464 bytes, 142872 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop4: 69.9 MiB, 73277440 bytes, 143120 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop5: 31.9 MiB, 32600064 bytes, 63672 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop6: 31.9 MiB, 32595968 bytes, 63664 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

GPT PMBR size mismatch (62914559 != 104857599) will be corrected by write.
Disk /dev/sda: 50 GiB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Disk model: Virtual disk
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 73CA90F8-B1EF-4B4B-8BB8-941F31782480

Device       Start      End  Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1     2048     4095     2048   1M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2     4096  2101247  2097152   1G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3  2101248 62912511 60811264  29G Linux filesystem

Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv: 20 GiB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
ubuntu@ubuntu-server:~$ fdisk /dev/sda

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.34).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

fdisk: cannot open /dev/sda: Permission denied

扩容

ubuntu@ubuntu-server:~$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.34).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

GPT PMBR size mismatch (62914559 != 104857599) will be corrected by write.

Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3

Partition 3 has been deleted.

Command (m for help): n
Partition number (3-128, default 3):
First sector (2101248-104857566, default 2101248):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2101248-104857566, default 104857566):

Created a new partition 3 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 49 GiB.
Partition #3 contains a LVM2_member signature.

Do you want to remove the signature? [Y]es/[N]o: N
（！！！谨慎操作。如果选了yes所有分区磁盘就没了，也启动不了）
The signature will be removed by a write command.

Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-3, default 3):
Partition type (type L to list all types): 8e

Type of partition 3 is unchanged: Linux filesystem.

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.

方法二：

使用parted工具

查看当前状态

ubuntu@ubuntu-server:~$ sudo  parted /dev/sda print
Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 53.7GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name  Flags
 1      1049kB  2097kB  1049kB                     bios_grub
 2      2097kB  1076MB  1074MB  xfs
 3      1076MB  53.7GB  52.6GB

扩容/验证

ubuntu@ubuntu-server:~$ sudo parted /dev/sda resizepart 3 100%
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

ubuntu@ubuntu-server:~$ sudo parted /dev/sda print
Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 53.7GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name  Flags
 1      1049kB  2097kB  1049kB                     bios_grub
 2      2097kB  1076MB  1074MB  xfs
 3      1076MB  53.7GB  52.6GB

LVM扩容

使用fdisk扩容的需要重启 或 直接执行partprobe

ubuntu@ubuntu-server:~$ sudo partprobe

ubuntu@ubuntu-server:~$ sudo  pvresize /dev/sda3
  Physical volume "/dev/sda3" changed
  1 physical volume(s) resized or updated / 0 physical volume(s) not resized

ubuntu@ubuntu-server:~$ sudo pvs
  PV         VG        Fmt  Attr PSize   PFree
  /dev/sda3  ubuntu-vg lvm2 a--  <49.00g <29.00g

ubuntu@ubuntu-server:~$ sudo lvextend -l +100%FREE  /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv
  Size of logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv changed from 20.00 GiB (5120 extents) to <49.00 GiB (12543 extents).
  Logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv successfully resized.

ubuntu@ubuntu-server:~$ sudo xfs_growfs  /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv
meta-data=/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=1310720 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0
         =                       reflink=1
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=5242880, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 5242880 to 12844032