##heapq简单介绍
堆特征:堆列表位置i处的元素总是大于位置i // 2处的元素(反过来说就是小于位置2 * i 和 2 * i + 1处的元素)
##api介绍
---
heapify(list) 让列表具有堆特征
heappush(heap, item) 将值压入堆中
heappop(heap) 从堆中弹出最小的元素
heapreplace(heap, item) 弹出最小的元素,并将值压入堆中
nlargest(n, iterable, key=None) 返回堆中n个最大的元素
nsmallest(n, iterable, key=None) 返回堆中n个最小的元素
heappushpop(heap, item) 将item压入堆中然后弹出最小的元素
merge(*iterables, key=None, reverse=False) 将有序序列进行合并排序,返回生成器序列
---
##贪心算法使用
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/16683360-bac07541a1a4dfff.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
```python
import collections
import heapq
def reorganizeString(S):
c = collections.Counter(S).items()
m = max(c, key=lambda x: x[1])[1]
if m > (len(S) + 1) // 2:
return ""
if len(S) < 3:
print(S)
res = []
x = [(-x[1], x[0]) for x in c]
heapq.heapify(x)
while len(x) > 1:
c1, top1 = heapq.heappop(x)
c2, top2 = heapq.heappop(x)
res.extend([top1, top2])
if c1 < -1:
heapq.heappush(x, ((c1 + 1), top1))
if c2 < -1:
heapq.heappush(x, ((c2 + 1), top2))
if x:
res.append(x[0][1])
return ''.join(res)
if __name__ == '__main__':
print(reorganizeString('aab'))