Oracle中存储过程的循环使用方法如下:
DECLARE
i NUMBER;
BEGIN
i := 1;
WHILE i <= 10 LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('i=' || i);
i := i + 1;
END LOOP;
END;
其中,DECLARE
用于声明变量,BEGIN
和END
用于标识存储过程的开始和结束,LOOP
和END LOOP
用于标识循环体的开始和结束。
MySQL中存储过程的循环使用方法如下:
BEGIN
DECLARE i INT DEFAULT 1;
WHILE i <= 10 DO
SELECT CONCAT('i=', i);
SET i = i + 1;
END WHILE;
END;
其中,DECLARE
用于声明变量,BEGIN
和END
用于标识存储过程的开始和结束,DO
和END WHILE
用于标识循环体的开始和结束。
SQL Server中存储过程的循环使用方法如下:
DECLARE @i INT = 1;
WHILE @i <= 10
BEGIN
PRINT 'i=' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), @i);
SET @i = @i + 1;
END;
其中,DECLARE
用于声明变量,PRINT
用于输出信息,WHILE
和BEGIN
以及END
用于标识循环体的开始和结束。
PostgreSQL中存储过程的循环使用方法如下:
DECLARE i INT := 1;
BEGIN
WHILE i <= 10 LOOP
RAISE NOTICE 'i=%', i;
i := i + 1;
END LOOP;
END;
其中,DECLARE
用于声明变量,BEGIN
和END
用于标识存储过程的开始和结束,LOOP
和END LOOP
用于标识循环体的开始和结束,RAISE NOTICE
用于输出信息。
假设有两个表,一个是学生表(students),另一个是成绩表(scores)。学生表中存储了学生的基本信息,包括学生ID(id),姓名(name),性别(gender)等;成绩表中存储了学生的各科成绩,包括学生ID(student_id),科目(subject),成绩(score)等。
-- 学生表
CREATE TABLE students (
id INT PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(20),
gender VARCHAR(2)
);
INSERT INTO students VALUES (1, '张三', '男');
INSERT INTO students VALUES (2, '李四', '女');
INSERT INTO students VALUES (3, '王五', '男');
-- 成绩表
CREATE TABLE scores (
id INT PRIMARY KEY,
student_id INT,
subject VARCHAR(20),
score INT
);
INSERT INTO scores VALUES (1, 1, '语文', 80);
INSERT INTO scores VALUES (2, 1, '数学', 90);
INSERT INTO scores VALUES (3, 1, '英语', 85);
INSERT INTO scores VALUES (4, 2, '语文', 75);
INSERT INTO scores VALUES (5, 2, '数学', 95);
INSERT INTO scores VALUES (6, 2, '英语', 80);
INSERT INTO scores VALUES (7, 3, '语文', 85);
INSERT INTO scores VALUES (8, 3, '数学', 70);
INSERT INTO scores VALUES (9, 3, '英语', 90);
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE get_student_scores
IS
CURSOR c_students IS SELECT id, name FROM students;
v_student_id students.id%TYPE;
v_student_name students.name%TYPE;
v_subject scores.subject%TYPE;
v_score scores.score%TYPE;
BEGIN
FOR r_student IN c_students LOOP
v_student_id := r_student.id;
v_student_name := r_student.name;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_student_name || '的成绩:');
FOR r_score IN (SELECT subject, score FROM scores WHERE student_id = v_student_id) LOOP
v_subject := r_score.subject;
v_score := r_score.score;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_subject || ':' || v_score);
END LOOP;
END LOOP;
END;
上述存储过程实现了一个嵌套循环,外层循环遍历学生表中的每一条记录,内层循环根据学生ID查询成绩表中的相关成绩,并输出结果。
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE get_student_scores()
BEGIN
DECLARE done INT DEFAULT FALSE;
DECLARE v_student_id INT;
DECLARE v_student_name VARCHAR(20);
DECLARE v_subject VARCHAR(20);
DECLARE v_score INT;
DECLARE cur_students CURSOR FOR SELECT id, name FROM students;
DECLARE cur_scores CURSOR FOR SELECT subject, score FROM scores WHERE student_id = v_student_id;
DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = TRUE;
OPEN cur_students;
read_students: LOOP
FETCH cur_students INTO v_student_id, v_student_name;
IF done THEN
LEAVE read_students;
END IF;
SELECT CONCAT(v_student_name,'的成绩:');
SET done = FALSE;
OPEN cur_scores;
read_scores: LOOP
FETCH cur_scores INTO v_subject, v_score;
IF done THEN
LEAVE read_scores;
END IF;
SELECT CONCAT(v_subject,':',v_score);
END LOOP;
CLOSE cur_scores;
END LOOP;
CLOSE cur_students;
END //
DELIMITER ;
上述存储过程与Oracle的实现方法类似,只是语法有所不同。
CREATE PROCEDURE get_student_scores
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @student_id INT;
DECLARE @student_name VARCHAR(20);
DECLARE @subject VARCHAR(20);
DECLARE @score INT;
DECLARE cur_students CURSOR FOR SELECT id, name FROM students;
DECLARE cur_scores CURSOR FOR SELECT subject, score FROM scores WHERE student_id = @student_id;
OPEN cur_students;
FETCH NEXT FROM cur_students INTO @student_id, @student_name;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
PRINT @student_name + '的成绩:';
OPEN cur_scores;
FETCH NEXT FROM cur_scores INTO @subject, @score;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
PRINT @subject + ':' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), @score);
FETCH NEXT FROM cur_scores INTO @subject, @score;
END;
CLOSE cur_scores;
FETCH NEXT FROM cur_students INTO @student_id, @student_name;
END;
CLOSE cur_students;
END;
上述存储过程与Oracle、MySQL的实现方法类似,只是语法有所不同。
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_student_scores()
RETURNS VOID AS $$
DECLARE
v_student_id INT;
v_student_name VARCHAR(20);
v_subject VARCHAR(20);
v_score INT;
BEGIN
FOR r_student IN SELECT id, name FROM students LOOP
v_student_id := r_student.id;
v_student_name := r_student.name;
RAISE NOTICE '%的成绩:', v_student_name;
FOR r_score IN SELECT subject, score FROM scores WHERE student_id = v_student_id LOOP
v_subject := r_score.subject;
v_score := r_score.score;
RAISE NOTICE '%:%s', v_subject, v_score;
END LOOP;
END LOOP;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
上述存储过程与Oracle、MySQL、SQL Server的实现方法类似,只是语法有所不同。
无论使用哪种数据库,上述存储过程的执行结果都应该是类似下面这样的:
张三的成绩:
语文:80
数学:90
英语:85
李四的成绩:
语文:75
数学:95
英语:80
王五的成绩:
语文:85
数学:70
英语:90