python环境管理

介绍工作中常用的两种python包管理工具，conda和mamba。

conda

什么是conda？

Conda is an open-source package management system and environment management system that runs on Windows, macOS, and Linux. Conda quickly installs, runs, and updates packages and their dependencies. Conda easily creates, saves, loads, and switches between environments on your local computer. It was created for Python programs but it can package and distribute software for any language.

在实践中常用的是miniconda

什么是miniconda？

Miniconda is a free minimal installer for conda. It is a small, bootstrap version of Anaconda that includes only conda, Python, the packages they depend on, and a small number of other useful packages, including pip, zlib and a few others. Use the conda install command to install 720+ additional conda packages from the Anaconda repository.

下载传送门

conda换源，让下载更快速

常用conda指令

注意，conda不是万能的，在有些时候我们无法在conda的众多源中找到自己想要的包，还是需要pip install

更详细的说明来这看

mamba

什么是mamba？

mamba is a reimplementation of the conda package manager in C++.

看看mamba有哪些优点

在平时常用的是mambaforge，这也是mamba官方推荐下载的

什么是mambaforge？

We strongly recommend to start from Mambaforge, a community project of the conda-forge community.

下载传送门

我该如何使用mamba？

If you already know conda, great, you already know mamba!
你怎么用conda，就怎么用mamba。
mamba的大部分语法都与conda相通，同样的conda指令替换conda为mamba即可
如：
conda list→mamba list
就是这么简单

更详细的说明来这看