MySQL查询练习-单表查询

MySQL单表查询:

建表:

CREATE TABLE `emp`  (
  `empno` int(4) NOT NULL,
  `ename` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `job` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `mgr` int(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `hiredate` date NOT NULL,
  `sai` int(255) NOT NULL,
  `comm` int(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `deptno` int(2) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`empno`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
mysql> desc emp;
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field    | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| empno    | int(4)       | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
| ename    | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| job      | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| mgr      | int(4)       | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| hiredate | date         | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| sai      | int(255)     | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| comm     | int(255)     | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| deptno   | int(2)       | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

插入数据:

INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1001, '甘宁', '文员', 1013, '2000-12-17', 8000, NULL, 20),
(1002, '黛绮丝', '销售员', 1006, '2001-02-20', 16000, 3000, 30),
(1003, '殷天正', '销售员', 1006, '2001-02-22', 12500, 5000, 30),
(1004, '刘备', '经理', 1009, '2001-04-02', 29750, NULL, 20),
(1005, '谢逊', '销售员', 1006, '2001-09-28', 12500, 14000, 30),
(1006, '关羽', '经理', 1009, '2001-05-01', 28500, NULL, 30),
(1007, '张飞', '经理', 1009, '2001-09-01', 24500, NULL, 10),
(1008, '诸葛亮', '分析师', 1004, '2007-04-19', 30000, NULL, 20),
(1009, '曾阿牛', '董事长', NULL, '2001-11-17', 50000, NULL, 10),
(1010, '韦一笑', '销售员', 1006, '2001-09-08', 15000, 0, 30),
(1011, '周泰', '文员', 1006, '2007-05-23', 11000, NULL, 20),
(1012, '程普', '文员', 1006, '2001-12-03', 9500, NULL, 30),
(1013, '庞统', '分析师', 1004, '2001-12-03', 30000, NULL, 20),
(1014, '黄盖', '文员', 1007, '2002-01-23', 13000, NULL, 10),
(1015, '张三', '保洁员', 1001, '2013-05-01', 80000, 50000, 50);
mysql> select * from emp;
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| empno | ename     | job       | mgr  | hiredate   | sai   | comm  | deptno |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
|  1001 | 甘宁      | 文员      | 1013 | 2000-12-17 |  8000 |  NULL |     20 |
|  1002 | 黛绮丝    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-02-20 | 16000 |  3000 |     30 |
|  1003 | 殷天正    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-02-22 | 12500 |  5000 |     30 |
|  1004 | 刘备      | 经理      | 1009 | 2001-04-02 | 29750 |  NULL |     20 |
|  1005 | 谢逊      | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-09-28 | 12500 | 14000 |     30 |
|  1006 | 关羽      | 经理      | 1009 | 2001-05-01 | 28500 |  NULL |     30 |
|  1007 | 张飞      | 经理      | 1009 | 2001-09-01 | 24500 |  NULL |     10 |
|  1008 | 诸葛亮    | 分析师    | 1004 | 2007-04-19 | 30000 |  NULL |     20 |
|  1009 | 曾阿牛    | 董事长    | NULL | 2001-11-17 | 50000 |  NULL |     10 |
|  1010 | 韦一笑    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-09-08 | 15000 |     0 |     30 |
|  1011 | 周泰      | 文员      | 1006 | 2007-05-23 | 11000 |  NULL |     20 |
|  1012 | 程普      | 文员      | 1006 | 2001-12-03 |  9500 |  NULL |     30 |
|  1013 | 庞统      | 分析师    | 1004 | 2001-12-03 | 30000 |  NULL |     20 |
|  1014 | 黄盖      | 文员      | 1007 | 2002-01-23 | 13000 |  NULL |     10 |
|  1015 | 张三      | 保洁员    | 1001 | 2013-05-01 | 80000 | 50000 |     50 |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+

查询数据:

查询出部门编号为30的所有员工:

mysql> select * from emp where deptno=30;
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| empno | ename     | job       | mgr  | hiredate   | sai   | comm  | deptno |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
|  1002 | 黛绮丝    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-02-20 | 16000 |  3000 |     30 |
|  1003 | 殷天正    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-02-22 | 12500 |  5000 |     30 |
|  1005 | 谢逊      | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-09-28 | 12500 | 14000 |     30 |
|  1006 | 关羽      | 经理      | 1009 | 2001-05-01 | 28500 |  NULL |     30 |
|  1010 | 韦一笑    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-09-08 | 15000 |     0 |     30 |
|  1012 | 程普      | 文员      | 1006 | 2001-12-03 |  9500 |  NULL |     30 |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+

所有销售员的姓名、编号和部门编号:

mysql> select ename,empno,deptno from emp where job='销售员';
+-----------+-------+--------+
| ename     | empno | deptno |
+-----------+-------+--------+
| 黛绮丝    |  1002 |     30 |
| 殷天正    |  1003 |     30 |
| 谢逊      |  1005 |     30 |
| 韦一笑    |  1010 |     30 |
+-----------+-------+--------+

找出奖金高于工资的员工:

mysql> select * from emp where comm>sai;
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| empno | ename  | job       | mgr  | hiredate   | sai   | comm  | deptno |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
|  1005 | 谢逊   | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-09-28 | 12500 | 14000 |     30 |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+

找出奖金高于工资60%的员工:

mysql> select * from emp where comm > sai*0.6;
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| empno | ename  | job       | mgr  | hiredate   | sai   | comm  | deptno |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
|  1005 | 谢逊   | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-09-28 | 12500 | 14000 |     30 |
|  1015 | 张三   | 保洁员    | 1001 | 2013-05-01 | 80000 | 50000 |     50 |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+

找出部门编号为10中所有经理,和部门编号为30中所有销售员的详细资料:

mysql> select * from emp where (job='经理' and deptno=10) or (job='销售员' and deptno=30);
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| empno | ename     | job       | mgr  | hiredate   | sai   | comm  | deptno |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
|  1002 | 黛绮丝    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-02-20 | 16000 |  3000 |     30 |
|  1003 | 殷天正    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-02-22 | 12500 |  5000 |     30 |
|  1005 | 谢逊      | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-09-28 | 12500 | 14000 |     30 |
|  1007 | 张飞      | 经理      | 1009 | 2001-09-01 | 24500 |  NULL |     10 |
|  1010 | 韦一笑    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-09-08 | 15000 |     0 |     30 |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+

找出部门编号为10中所有经理,部门编号为30中所有销售员,还有即不是经理又不是销售员但其工资大或等于20000的所有员工详细资料:

mysql> select * from emp where (job='经理' and deptno=10) or (job='销售员' and deptno=30) or (job !='经理' and job!='销售员' and comm>=20000);
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| empno | ename     | job       | mgr  | hiredate   | sai   | comm  | deptno |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
|  1002 | 黛绮丝    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-02-20 | 16000 |  3000 |     30 |
|  1003 | 殷天正    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-02-22 | 12500 |  5000 |     30 |
|  1005 | 谢逊      | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-09-28 | 12500 | 14000 |     30 |
|  1007 | 张飞      | 经理      | 1009 | 2001-09-01 | 24500 |  NULL |     10 |
|  1010 | 韦一笑    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-09-08 | 15000 |     0 |     30 |
|  1015 | 张三      | 保洁员    | 1001 | 2013-05-01 | 80000 | 50000 |     50 |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+

无奖金或奖金低于1000的员工:

mysql> select * from emp where comm is null or comm<1000;
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+------+--------+
| empno | ename     | job       | mgr  | hiredate   | sai   | comm | deptno |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+------+--------+
|  1001 | 甘宁      | 文员      | 1013 | 2000-12-17 |  8000 | NULL |     20 |
|  1004 | 刘备      | 经理      | 1009 | 2001-04-02 | 29750 | NULL |     20 |
|  1006 | 关羽      | 经理      | 1009 | 2001-05-01 | 28500 | NULL |     30 |
|  1007 | 张飞      | 经理      | 1009 | 2001-09-01 | 24500 | NULL |     10 |
|  1008 | 诸葛亮    | 分析师    | 1004 | 2007-04-19 | 30000 | NULL |     20 |
|  1009 | 曾阿牛    | 董事长    | NULL | 2001-11-17 | 50000 | NULL |     10 |
|  1010 | 韦一笑    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-09-08 | 15000 |    0 |     30 |
|  1011 | 周泰      | 文员      | 1006 | 2007-05-23 | 11000 | NULL |     20 |
|  1012 | 程普      | 文员      | 1006 | 2001-12-03 |  9500 | NULL |     30 |
|  1013 | 庞统      | 分析师    | 1004 | 2001-12-03 | 30000 | NULL |     20 |
|  1014 | 黄盖      | 文员      | 1007 | 2002-01-23 | 13000 | NULL |     10 |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+------+--------+

查询名字由三个字组成的员工:

mysql> select ename from emp where char_length(ename)=3;
+-----------+
| ename     |
+-----------+
| 黛绮丝    |
| 殷天正    |
| 诸葛亮    |
| 曾阿牛    |
| 韦一笑    |
+-----------+

查询2000年入职的员工:

mysql> select *  from emp where year(hiredate)=2000;                     
+-------+--------+--------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| empno | ename  | job    | mgr  | hiredate   | sai  | comm | deptno |
+-------+--------+--------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
|  1001 | 甘宁   | 文员   | 1013 | 2000-12-17 | 8000 | NULL |     20 |
+-------+--------+--------+------+------------+------+------+--------+

询所有员工详细信息,用编号升序排序:

mysql> select *  from emp order by empno;
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| empno | ename     | job       | mgr  | hiredate   | sai   | comm  | deptno |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
|  1001 | 甘宁      | 文员      | 1013 | 2000-12-17 |  8000 |  NULL |     20 |
|  1002 | 黛绮丝    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-02-20 | 16000 |  3000 |     30 |
|  1003 | 殷天正    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-02-22 | 12500 |  5000 |     30 |
|  1004 | 刘备      | 经理      | 1009 | 2001-04-02 | 29750 |  NULL |     20 |
|  1005 | 谢逊      | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-09-28 | 12500 | 14000 |     30 |
|  1006 | 关羽      | 经理      | 1009 | 2001-05-01 | 28500 |  NULL |     30 |
|  1007 | 张飞      | 经理      | 1009 | 2001-09-01 | 24500 |  NULL |     10 |
|  1008 | 诸葛亮    | 分析师    | 1004 | 2007-04-19 | 30000 |  NULL |     20 |
|  1009 | 曾阿牛    | 董事长    | NULL | 2001-11-17 | 50000 |  NULL |     10 |
|  1010 | 韦一笑    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-09-08 | 15000 |     0 |     30 |
|  1011 | 周泰      | 文员      | 1006 | 2007-05-23 | 11000 |  NULL |     20 |
|  1012 | 程普      | 文员      | 1006 | 2001-12-03 |  9500 |  NULL |     30 |
|  1013 | 庞统      | 分析师    | 1004 | 2001-12-03 | 30000 |  NULL |     20 |
|  1014 | 黄盖      | 文员      | 1007 | 2002-01-23 | 13000 |  NULL |     10 |
|  1015 | 张三      | 保洁员    | 1001 | 2013-05-01 | 80000 | 50000 |     50 |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+

查询所有员工详细信息,用工资降序排序,如果工资相同使用入职日期升序排序:

mysql> select * from emp order by sai DESC,hiredate asc;
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| empno | ename     | job       | mgr  | hiredate   | sai   | comm  | deptno |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
|  1015 | 张三      | 保洁员    | 1001 | 2013-05-01 | 80000 | 50000 |     50 |
|  1009 | 曾阿牛    | 董事长    | NULL | 2001-11-17 | 50000 |  NULL |     10 |
|  1013 | 庞统      | 分析师    | 1004 | 2001-12-03 | 30000 |  NULL |     20 |
|  1008 | 诸葛亮    | 分析师    | 1004 | 2007-04-19 | 30000 |  NULL |     20 |
|  1004 | 刘备      | 经理      | 1009 | 2001-04-02 | 29750 |  NULL |     20 |
|  1006 | 关羽      | 经理      | 1009 | 2001-05-01 | 28500 |  NULL |     30 |
|  1007 | 张飞      | 经理      | 1009 | 2001-09-01 | 24500 |  NULL |     10 |
|  1002 | 黛绮丝    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-02-20 | 16000 |  3000 |     30 |
|  1010 | 韦一笑    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-09-08 | 15000 |     0 |     30 |
|  1014 | 黄盖      | 文员      | 1007 | 2002-01-23 | 13000 |  NULL |     10 |
|  1003 | 殷天正    | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-02-22 | 12500 |  5000 |     30 |
|  1005 | 谢逊      | 销售员    | 1006 | 2001-09-28 | 12500 | 14000 |     30 |
|  1011 | 周泰      | 文员      | 1006 | 2007-05-23 | 11000 |  NULL |     20 |
|  1012 | 程普      | 文员      | 1006 | 2001-12-03 |  9500 |  NULL |     30 |
|  1001 | 甘宁      | 文员      | 1013 | 2000-12-17 |  8000 |  NULL |     20 |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+

查询每个部门的平均工资:

mysql> select deptno,avg(sai)  from emp group by deptno;
+--------+------------+
| deptno | avg(sai)   |
+--------+------------+
|     10 | 29166.6667 |
|     20 | 21750.0000 |
|     30 | 15666.6667 |
|     50 | 80000.0000 |
+--------+------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

查询每个部门的雇员数量:

mysql> select deptno,count(empno)  from emp group by deptno;           
+--------+--------------+
| deptno | count(empno) |
+--------+--------------+
|     10 |            3 |
|     20 |            5 |
|     30 |            6 |
|     50 |            1 |
+--------+--------------+

mysql> select deptno,count(ename)  from emp group by deptno;    
+--------+--------------+
| deptno | count(ename) |
+--------+--------------+
|     10 |            3 |
|     20 |            5 |
|     30 |            6 |
|     50 |            1 |
+--------+--------------+

查询每种工作的最高工资、最低工资、人数:

mysql> select  max(sai),min(sai) ,count(empno) from emp group by job;
+----------+----------+--------------+
| max(sai) | min(sai) | count(empno) |
+----------+----------+--------------+
|    80000 |    80000 |            1 |
|    30000 |    30000 |            2 |
|    13000 |     8000 |            4 |
|    29750 |    24500 |            3 |
|    50000 |    50000 |            1 |
|    16000 |    12500 |            4 |
+----------+----------+--------------+

**文章有问题请评论或联系更正:**[email protected]

你可能感兴趣的:(SQL,mysql,数据库)