入门：Linux的磁盘分区
目录
1.使用fdisk对/dev/nvme0n1剩余空间进行分区
2.新添加一块儿磁盘使用gdisk，设置gpt分区表，新建分区
3.使用parted对新添加的磁盘添加分区(交互式)
4.使用parted对/dev/nvme0n1新增分区(命令式)
5.挑选任一分区，进行格式化挂载(临时挂载)
1.使用fdisk对/dev/nvme0n1剩余空间进行分区
MBR分区：支持的分区数量： 4 个主分区或者 3 个主分区 1 个扩展分区
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0 11:0 1 10.2G 0 rom /run/media/root/RHEL-8-5-0-BaseOS-x86_64
nvme0n1 259:0 0 40G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 2G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 30.8G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 25.2G 0 lvm /
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 5.6G 0 lvm [SWAP]
[root@localhost ~]# lsscsi
[2:0:0:0] cd/dvd NECVMWar VMware SATA CD01 1.00 /dev/sr0
[N:0:0:1] disk VMware Virtual NVMe Disk__1 /dev/nvme0n1[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/nvme0n1
Command (m for help): n #创建一个分区
Partition type
p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): #默认创建一个主分区Using default response p.
Partition number (3,4, default 3):
First sector (68675584-83886079, default 68675584): #从当前68675584扇区开始分区
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (68675584-83886079, default 83886079): +500MCreated a new partition 3 of type 'Linux' and of size 500 MiB.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default e): #创建一个拓展区Using default response e.
Selected partition 4
First sector (69699584-83886079, default 69699584): +500M
First sector (69699584-83886079, default 69699584):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (69699584-83886079, default 83886079): +500MCreated a new partition 4 of type 'Extended' and of size 500 MiB.
... #可以再创建一个逻辑分区用来存储数据
Command (m for help): w #保存并退出
The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.
2.新添加一块儿磁盘使用gdisk，设置gpt分区表，新建分区
先去添加一块SATA硬盘，然后开机查看是否加载到新的硬盘，如果检测到再进行管理操作
[root@localhost ~]# gdlsk /dev/sda
Command (? for help): o #创建一个新的GPT分区表
This option deletes all partitions and creates a new protective MBR.
Proceed? (Y/N): YCommand (? for help): n #创建一个新的分区
Partition number (1-128, default 1):
First sector (34-2097118, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:
Last sector (2048-2097118, default = 2097118) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +500M
Current type is 'Linux filesystem'
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8e00 #指定分区的类型
Changed type of partition to 'Linux LVM'Command (? for help): w #退出并保存
Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): Y
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sda.
The operation has completed successfully.
3.使用parted对新添加的磁盘添加分区(交互式)
[root@localhost ~]# parted /dev/sdb
(parted) mklabel gpt #创建一个新的分区表(parted) mkpart part1 10M 510M
(parted) quit #保存并退出
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 1G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part
└─sda2 8:2 0 300M 0 part
sdb 8:16 0 1G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 476M 0 part...
4.使用parted对/dev/nvme0n1新增分区(命令式)
[root@server ~]# parted /dev/sdb mkpart part2 511M 1011M
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 1G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part
└─sda2 8:2 0 300M 0 part
sdb 8:16 0 1G 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 476M 0 part
└─sdb2 8:18 0 477M 0 part
...
5.挑选任一分区，进行格式化挂载(临时挂载)
[root@server ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020)
Creating filesystem with 487424 1k blocks and 121920 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 1ac915fe-2ba2-4bc4-8da4-fe6deeb68fba
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
[root@server ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mount1 #临时挂载
6.挑选另一分区，进行格式化挂载(永久挂载)
[root@localhost /]# vim /etc/fstab
