1、冒泡排序:比较所有相邻元素,如果第一个比第二个大,则交换它们。
var a = [1, 3, 6, 3, 23, 76, 1, 34, 222, 6, 456, 221];
function bubbleSort(array) {
const len = array.length
if (len < 2) return array
for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) {
for (let j = 0; j < i; j++) {
if (array[j] > array[i]) {
const temp = array[j]
array[j] = array[i]
array[i] = temp
}
}
}
return array
}
bubbleSort(a); // [1, 1, 3, 3, 6, 6, 23, 34, 76, 221, 222, 456]
2、选择排序:找到数组中的最小值,选中它并将其放置在第一位。
var a = [1, 3, 6, 3, 23, 76, 1, 34, 222, 6, 456, 221];
function selectSort(array) {
const len = array.length
let temp
let minIndex
for (let i = 0; i < len - 1; i++) {
minIndex = i
for (let j = i + 1; j < len; j++) {
if (array[j] <= array[minIndex]) {
minIndex = j
}
}
temp = array[i]
array[i] = array[minIndex]
array[minIndex] = temp
}
return array
}
selectSort(a); // [1, 1, 3, 3, 6, 6, 23, 34, 76, 221, 222, 456]
3、插入排序:从第二个数开始往前比,比它大就往后排。
var a = [1, 3, 6, 3, 23, 76, 1, 34, 222, 6, 456, 221];
function insertSort(array) {
const len = array.length
let current
let prev
for (let i = 1; i < len; i++) {
current = array[i]
prev = i - 1
while (prev >= 0 && array[prev] > current) {
array[prev + 1] = array[prev]
prev--
}
array[prev + 1] = current
}
return array
}
insertSort(a); // [1, 1, 3, 3, 6, 6, 23, 34, 76, 221, 222, 456]
4、归并排序:把数组劈成两半,再递归地对数组进行“分”操作,直到分成一个个单独的数。
function fn(arr) {
function sort(left, right) {
let i = 0;
let j = 0;
let result = [];
while (left[i] && right[j]) {
if (left[i] < right[j]) {
result.push(left[i++]);
} else {
result.push(right[j++]);
}
}
while (left[i]) {
result.push(left[i++]);
}
while (right[j]) {
result.push(right[j++]);
}
return result;
}
function fen(arr) {
if (arr.length < 2) return arr;
let midIndex = Math.floor(arr.length / 2);
let left = arr.slice(0, midIndex);
let right = arr.slice(midIndex, arr.length);
return sort(fen(left), fen(right));
}
return fen(arr);
}
5、快速排序:从数组中任意选择一个基准,所有比基准小的元素放到基准前面,比基准大的元素放到基准的后面。
let bubble = (arr) => {
if (arr.length < 2) {
return arr;
}
let left = [];
let right = [];
let numIndex = Math.floor(arr.length / 2);
let num = arr.splice(numIndex, 1);
//这里注意不能像下面这样直接写,因为splice会直接改变数组,这样在最后面连上num,才没问题
// let num = arr[Math.floor(arr.length / 2)];
arr.forEach((item) => {
if (item < num) {
left.push(item);
} else if (item > num) {
right.push(item);
}
});
return bubble(left).concat(num, bubble(right));
};
console.log(bubble(a));
6、堆排序
var a = [1, 3, 6, 3, 23, 76, 1, 34, 222, 6, 456, 221];
function heap_sort(arr) {
var len = arr.length
var k = 0
function swap(i, j) {
var temp = arr[i]
arr[i] = arr[j]
arr[j] = temp
}
function max_heapify(start, end) {
var dad = start
var son = dad * 2 + 1
if (son >= end) return
if (son + 1 < end && arr[son] < arr[son + 1]) {
son++
}
if (arr[dad] <= arr[son]) {
swap(dad, son)
max_heapify(son, end)
}
}
for (var i = Math.floor(len / 2) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
max_heapify(i, len)
}
for (var j = len - 1; j > k; j--) {
swap(0, j)
max_heapify(0, j)
}
return arr
}
heap_sort(a); // [1, 1, 3, 3, 6, 6, 23, 34, 76, 221, 222, 456]