静态路由综合实验

实验拓扑如下：

 实验要求如下：

【1】R6为isp，接口IP地址均为公有地址;该设备只能配置IP地址，之后不能再对其进行任何配置

【2】R1~R5为局域网，私有IP地址192.168.1.0/24，请合理分配

【3】所有路由器上环回，均代表连接用户的接口

【4】R3下的两台PC通过DHCP自动获取IP地址

【5】选路最佳，路由表尽量小，避免环路

【6】R1~R5均可访问R6的环回

【7】R6 telnet R5的公有IP地址时，实际登陆到R1上

【8】R4与R5正常通过1000链路，故障时通过100兆链路

实验思路分析：

（1）合理的IP配置

（2）DHCP的配置

（3）静态路由和缺省路由的配置

（4）设置nat

实验步骤：

1、IP配置

指令如下：

R1：

[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.5 30
[R1]interface LoopBack 0	
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.33 28
[R1-LoopBack0]int l1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.49 28

R2：

[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.9 30
[R2]interface LoopBack 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.65 28
[R2-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack 1
[R2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.81 28

R3：

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.6 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.13 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.97 27

R4：

[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.10 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.14 30 
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.17 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.21 30
[R4]interface LoopBack 0	
[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.129 28
[R4-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack 1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.145 28

R5：

[R5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.18 30 
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.22 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 12.1.1.1 24
[R5]interface LoopBack 0	
[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.161 28

ISP：

[isp]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0	
[isp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.2 24
[isp]interface LoopBack 0
[isp-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 24

2、DHCP的配置

题目要求：PC3下（PC1和PC2）进行DHCP自动获取IP地址

指令如下：

dhcp enable

[R3]dhcp enable 
[R3]ip pool 1
[R3-ip-pool-1]network 192.168.1.96 mask 27	
[R3-ip-pool-1]gateway-list 192.168.1.97	
[R3-ip-pool-1]int g0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global

3、静态路由和缺省路由的配置

指令如下：

R1：

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0

R2：

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0

R3：

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 NULL 0

R4：

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.22
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0

R5：

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17	
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 NULL 0

4、设置nat

注意：

        要使内网访问ISP的环回，需要将内网转化为一个公网

指令如下：

[R5]acl 2000	
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R5-acl-basic-2000]q
[R5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1	
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat outbound 2000

[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.1.1.2
[R5]ip route-static 12.1.1.0 24 NULL 0

设置R1的telnet

指令如下：

[R1]aaa
[R1-aaa]local-user zuo privilege level 15 password cipher 123456
[R1-aaa]local-user zuo service-type telnet
[R1]user-interface vty 0 4
[R1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa

在R5设置nat端口映射进行转换

指令如下：

[R5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 ins
ide 192.168.1.1 23