解决办法:–hidden-import scipy.spatial.transform._rotation_groups
解决办法:
pip uninstall matplotlib
pip install matplotlib==3.1.3
参考解决方法:[Failed to execute script ‘app‘ due to unhandled exception](https://blog.csdn.net/qq_25262697/article/details/127991930?spm=1001.2101.3001.6650.2&utm_medium=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task-blog-2~default~OPENSEARCH~Rate-2-127991930-blog-122015848.pc_relevant_3mothn_strategy_and_data_recovery&depth_1-utm_source=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task-blog-2~default~OPENSEARCH~Rate-2-127991930-blog-122015848.pc_relevant_3mothn_strategy_and_data_recovery&utm_relevant_index=3)
一、说明
关于Pyinstaller,可以查看Python打包发布1(基于Pyinstaller打包多目录项目)
Pyinstaller可以将资源文件一起打包到exe中,当exe在运行时,会生成一个临时文件夹,程序可通过sys._MEIPASS访问临时文件夹中的资源。
程序打包成exe的时,会将一个变量frozen注入到sys中,这里使用判断,检测sys是否有frozen这个变量,如果有,就使用sys._MEIPASS访问临时文件夹路径,如果没有,就使用当前路径,当程序不管是以PyInstaller打包后形式运行,还是本地测试,都能找到正确的资源路径。
二、测试
本项目,目录为:
- MyProject
- In
- Out
- App
- __init__.py
- app.py
- MainProgram
- __init__.py
- 1.py
- 2.py
- main.py
可以修改main.py,添加
import os,sys
print(sys)
print(sys.executable)
未打包时运行,打印结果分别为:
sys加粗样式
['__breakpointhook__', '__displayhook__', '__doc__', '__excepthook__', '__interactivehook__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', '__spec__', '__stderr__', '__stdin__', '__stdout__', '__unraisablehook__', '_base_executable', '_clear_type_cache', '_current_frames', '_debugmallocstats', '_enablelegacywindowsfsencoding', '_framework', '_getframe', '_git', '_home', '_xoptions', 'addaudithook', 'api_version', 'argv', 'audit', 'base_exec_prefix', 'base_prefix', 'breakpointhook', 'builtin_module_names', 'byteorder', 'call_tracing', 'callstats', 'copyright', 'displayhook', 'dllhandle', 'dont_write_bytecode', 'exc_info', 'excepthook', 'exec_prefix', 'executable', 'exit', 'flags', 'float_info', 'float_repr_style', 'get_asyncgen_hooks', 'get_coroutine_origin_tracking_depth', 'getallocatedblocks', 'getcheckinterval', 'getdefaultencoding', 'getfilesystemencodeerrors', 'getfilesystemencoding', 'getprofile', 'getrecursionlimit', 'getrefcount', 'getsizeof', 'getswitchinterval', 'gettrace', 'getwindowsversion', 'hash_info', 'hexversion', 'implementation', 'int_info', 'intern', 'is_finalizing', 'maxsize', 'maxunicode', 'meta_path', 'modules', 'path', 'path_hooks', 'path_importer_cache', 'platform', 'prefix', 'pycache_prefix', 'set_asyncgen_hooks', 'set_coroutine_origin_tracking_depth', 'setcheckinterval', 'setprofile', 'setrecursionlimit', 'setswitchinterval', 'settrace', 'stderr', 'stdin', 'stdout', 'thread_info', 'unraisablehook', 'version', 'version_info', 'warnoptions', 'winver']
sys.executable
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\nuitka\python.exe
pyinstaller打包后,打印结果分别为:
['_MEIPASS', '__breakpointhook__', '__displayhook__', '__doc__', '__excepthook__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', '__spec__', '__stderr__', '__stdin__', '__stdout__', '__unraisablehook__', '_base_executable', '_clear_type_cache', '_current_frames', '_debugmallocstats', '_enablelegacywindowsfsencoding', '_framework', '_getframe', '_git', '_xoptions', 'addaudithook', 'api_version', 'argv', 'audit', 'base_exec_prefix', 'base_prefix', 'breakpointhook', 'builtin_module_names', 'byteorder', 'call_tracing', 'copyright', 'displayhook', 'dllhandle', 'dont_write_bytecode', 'exc_info', 'excepthook', 'exec_prefix', 'executable', 'exit', 'flags', 'float_info', 'float_repr_style', 'frozen', 'get_asyncgen_hooks', 'get_coroutine_origin_tracking_depth', 'getallocatedblocks', 'getdefaultencoding', 'getfilesystemencodeerrors', 'getfilesystemencoding', 'getprofile', 'getrecursionlimit', 'getrefcount', 'getsizeof', 'getswitchinterval', 'gettrace', 'getwindowsversion', 'hash_info', 'hexversion', 'implementation', 'int_info', 'intern', 'is_finalizing', 'maxsize', 'maxunicode', 'meta_path', 'modules', 'path', 'path_hooks', 'path_importer_cache', 'platform', 'platlibdir', 'prefix', 'pycache_prefix', 'set_asyncgen_hooks', 'set_coroutine_origin_tracking_depth', 'setprofile', 'setrecursionlimit', 'setswitchinterval', 'settrace', 'stderr', 'stdin', 'stdout', 'thread_info', 'unraisablehook', 'version', 'version_info', 'warnoptions', 'winver']
可以看到多了’_MEIPASS’,‘frozen’
sys.executable
此时路径为app.exe
\APP\dist\app.exe
三、解决思路
根据自己目录的相对位置进行修改
pyinstaller打包后运行时,输出sys.executable的路径。py运行时输出__file__
# pyinstaller
def app_path():
# Returns the base application path.
if hasattr(sys, 'frozen'):
# Handles PyInstaller
return sys.executable #使用pyinstaller打包后的exe目录
return os.path.dirname(__file__) #没打包前的py目录
自行调整项目路径
pj_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(app_path()))))
print(f"================Project dir is '{pj_path}'===============")