mysql5.6安装手册
linux系统：Centos 7.4(使用
lsb_release -a查看版本信息)
mysql版本：mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
下载地址
- 最新版：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
- 旧版：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html - （5.5.62 / 5.6.46 / 5.7.28）
安装步骤
0. 卸载老版本mysql
find / -name mysql
rm -rf 上边查找到的路径，多个路径用空格隔开
1. 下载、解压
进入安装目录
cd /usr/local
下载
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
解压
tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
2. 重命名、删除安装包
重命名
mv mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
删除安装包
rm -f mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
3. 添加mysql用户组和mysql用户
检查是否存在mysql用户组
groups mysql
若有，则跳过
若无，则添加
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
4. 进入mysql目录更改权限
cd mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql ./
5. 执行安装脚本
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
遇到报错一：
FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./scripts/mysql_install_db:
Data::Dumper
解决方法：
yum -y install autoconf
遇到报错二：
Installing MySQL system tables..../bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决方法：
yum -y install libaio-devel
安装完之后修改当前目录拥有者为root用户，修改data目录拥有者为mysql
chown -R root:root ./
chown -R mysql:mysql data
mysql配置
6. 启动mysql
启动mysql
./support-files/mysql.server start
遇到报错一：
./support-files/mysql.server: line 244: my_print_defaults: command not found
./support-files/mysql.server: line 264: cd: /usr/local/mysql: No such file or directory
Starting MySQLCouldn't find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/[FAILED]ld_safe)
报错原因：support-files/mysql.server文件中的mysql的安装目录跟实际的安装目录不符，需要修改该文件。
解决方法：
vim support-files/mysql.server
进入文件，修改以下内容
继续启动
遇到报错二：
Starting MySQL.191129 15:40:20 mysqld_safe error: log-error set to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log', however file don't exists. Create writable for user 'mysql'.
The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/i[FAILED]w0bd0i0xw8wr8Z.pid).
解决方法：
mkdir /var/log/mariadb
touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb
终于启动成功。
查看serve运行状态
ps aux | grep mysql
7. 登录mysql
./bin/mysql -uroot -p
或者使用
cd /usr/local/bin
./mysql -uroot -p
首次登录mysql输入回车即可登录
遇到报错一：
./bin/mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)'
Check that mysqld is running and that the socket: '/tmp/mysql.sock' exists!
解决方法：
查看/etc/my.cnf，发现socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
执行命令，将/tmp/目录下的mysql.sock指向的连接是/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
8. 修改mysql密码
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set password = password('123456') where user = root;
查看用户信息
mysql> select host, user, password from user;
9. 添加开机启动
首先需要将support-files/mysql.server服务脚本复制到/etc/init.d/，并重命名为mysql
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
通过chkconfig命令将mysqld服务加入到自启动服务项中
chkconfig --add mysql
查看是否添加成功
chkconfig --list mysql
如果看到mysql的服务，并且3,4,5都是on的话则成功，如果是off，则执行
chkconfig --level 345 mysql on
启动mysql：service mysql start
重启mysql：service mysql restart
关闭mysql：service mysql stop
查看serve运行状态：service mysql status
10. 把mysql客户端放到默认路径
注意：建议使用软链过去，不要直接包文件复制，便于系统安装多个版本的mysql
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/local/bin/mysql
11. 配置my.conf
vim my.conf
添加以下内容
character-set-server=utf8
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=100M
配置好之后，重启mysql服务
service mysql restart
问题集合
- 远程连接mysql配置
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';
mysql> flush privileges;
- ERROR 1044 (42000): Access denied for user ''@'localhost' to database 'mysql'
修改my.cnf：vim /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf
[mysqld]
skip-grant-table
重启mysql，输入mysql
mysql> delete from user where user='';
mysql> flush privileges;
还原my.cnf的配置，重启
参考文档
- https://www.jianshu.com/p/f4a98a905011
- https://www.cnblogs.com/hanmk/p/8513088.html