springboot整合rabbitmq
添加依赖
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-amqp
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-test
test
com.alibaba
fastjson
1.2.47
org.projectlombok
lombok
io.springfox
springfox-swagger2
2.9.2
io.springfox
springfox-swagger-ui
2.9.2
org.springframework.amqp
spring-rabbit-test
test
添加配置
properties文件版本
spring.rabbitmq.host=182.92.234.71
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=admin
spring.rabbitmq.password=123yaml文件版本
spring:
rabbitmq:
host:182.92.234.71
port:5672
username:admin
password:123添加 Swagger 配置类
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.service.Contact;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;
@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class SwaggerConfig {
@Bean
public Docket webApiConfig(){
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
.groupName("webApi")
.apiInfo(webApiInfo())
.select()
.build();
}
private ApiInfo webApiInfo(){
return new ApiInfoBuilder()
.title("rabbitmq 接口文档")
.description("本文档描述了 rabbitmq 微服务接口定义")
.version("1.0")
.build();
}
}延时队列
队列架构
配置类文件
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Configuration
public class TtlQueueConfig {
public static final String X_EXCHANGE = "X";
public static final String QUEUE_A = "QA";
public static final String QUEUE_B = "QB";
public static final String Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE = "Y";
public static final String DEAD_LETTER_QUEUE = "QD";
// 声明 xExchange
@Bean("xExchange")
public DirectExchange xExchange(){
return new DirectExchange(X_EXCHANGE);
}
// 声明 xExchange
@Bean("yExchange")
public DirectExchange yExchange(){
return new DirectExchange(Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
}
//声明队列 A ttl 为 10s 并绑定到对应的死信交换机
@Bean("queueA")
public Queue queueA(){
Map args = new HashMap<>(3);
//声明当前队列绑定的死信交换机
args.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
//声明当前队列的死信路由 key
args.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key", "YD");
//声明队列的 TTL
args.put("x-message-ttl", 10000);
return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_A).withArguments(args).build();
}
// 声明队列 A 绑定 X 交换机
@Bean
public Binding queueaBindingX(@Qualifier("queueA") Queue queueA, @Qualifier("xExchange") DirectExchange xExchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueA).to(xExchange).with("XA");
}
//声明队列 B ttl 为 40s 并绑定到对应的死信交换机
@Bean("queueB")
public Queue queueB(){
Map args = new HashMap<>(3);
//声明当前队列绑定的死信交换机
args.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
//声明当前队列的死信路由 key
args.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key", "YD");
//声明队列的 TTL
args.put("x-message-ttl", 40000);
return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_B).withArguments(args).build();
}
//声明队列 B 绑定 X 交换机
@Bean
public Binding queuebBindingX(@Qualifier("queueB") Queue queue1B, @Qualifier("xExchange") DirectExchange xExchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(queue1B).to(xExchange).with("XB");
}
//声明死信队列 QD
@Bean("queueD")
public Queue queueD(){
return new Queue(DEAD_LETTER_QUEUE);
}
//声明死信队列 QD 绑定关系
@Bean
public Binding deadLetterBindingQAD(@Qualifier("queueD") Queue queueD, @Qualifier("yExchange") DirectExchange yExchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueD).to(yExchange).with("YD");
}
} 消息生产者代码
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.Date;
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping("ttl")
@RestController
public class SendMsgController {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@GetMapping("sendMsg/{message}")
public void sendMsg(@PathVariable String message){
log.info("当前时间：{},发送一条信息给两个 TTL 队列:{}", new Date(), message);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X", "XA", "消息来自 ttl 为 10S 的队列: "+message);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X", "XB", "消息来自 ttl 为 40S 的队列: "+message);
}
}消息消费者代码
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;
@Slf4j
@Component
public class DeadLetterQueueConsumer {
@RabbitListener(queues = "QD")
public void receiveD(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException {
String msg = new String(message.getBody());
log.info("当前时间：{},收到死信队列信息{}", new Date().toString(), msg);
}
}结果
不过，如果这样使用的话，岂不是 每增加一个新的时间需求，就要新增一个队列 ，这里只有 10S 和 40S
两个时间选项，如果需要一个小时后处理，那么就需要增加 TTL 为一个小时的队列，如果是预定会议室然
后提前通知这样的场景，岂不是要增加无数个队列才能满足需求？
延时消息
在这里新增了一个队列 QC,绑定关系如下,该队列不设置 TTL 时间，设置TTL消息
配置类
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Component
public class MsgTtlQueueConfig {
public static final String Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE = "Y";
public static final String QUEUE_C = "QC";
//声明队列 C 死信交换机
@Bean("queueC")
public Queue queueB(){
Map args = new HashMap<>(3);
//声明当前队列绑定的死信交换机
args.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
//声明当前队列的死信路由 key
args.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key", "YD");
//没有声明 TTL 属性
return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_C).withArguments(args).build();
}
//声明队列 B 绑定 X 交换机
@Bean
public Binding queuecBindingX(@Qualifier("queueC") Queue queueC, @Qualifier("xExchange") DirectExchange xExchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueC).to(xExchange).with("XC");
}
} 生产者
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.Date;
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping("ttl")
@RestController
public class SendMsgController {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@GetMapping("sendMsg/{message}")
public void sendMsg(@PathVariable String message){
log.info("当前时间：{},发送一条信息给两个 TTL 队列:{}", new Date(), message);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X", "XA", "消息来自 ttl 为 10S 的队列: "+message);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X", "XB", "消息来自 ttl 为 40S 的队列: "+message);
}
@GetMapping("sendExpirationMsg/{message}/{ttlTime}")
public void sendMsg(@PathVariable String message,@PathVariable String ttlTime) {
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X", "XC", message, correlationData ->{
correlationData.getMessageProperties().setExpiration(ttlTime);
return correlationData;
});
log.info("当前时间：{},发送一条时长{}毫秒 TTL 信息给队列 C:{}", new Date(),ttlTime, message);
}
}结果
缺点
如果使用在消息属性上设置 TTL 的方式，消息可能并不会按时“死亡“，因为 RabbitMQ 只会检查第一个消息是否过期 ，如果过期则丢到死信队列， 如果第一个消息的延时时长很长，而第二个消息的延时时长很短，第二个消息并不会优先得到执行 。
延时队列插件
安装插件
通过GitHub - rabbitmq/rabbitmq-delayed-message-exchange： Delay Messaging for RabbitMQ下载对应的版本，我的是centos 7.9的，rabbit的版本为erlang-23.3.4.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm，rabbitmq-server-3.8.30-1.el7.noarch.rpm，对应的rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange-3.8.17.8f537ac.ez插件版本
将插件放入/usr/lib/rabbitmq/lib/rabbitmq_server-3.8.30/plugins包下
进入 RabbitMQ 的安装目录下的 plgins 目录，执行下面命令让该插件生效，然后重启 RabbitMQ
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange
重启rabbitmq
systemctl restart rabbitmq-server
显示延迟插件选项
架构
配置类
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.CustomExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Configuration
public class DelayedQueueConfig {
public static final String DELAYED_QUEUE_NAME = "delayed.queue";
public static final String DELAYED_EXCHANGE_NAME = "delayed.exchange";
public static final String DELAYED_ROUTING_KEY = "delayed.routingkey";
@Bean
public Queue delayedQueue() {
return new Queue(DELAYED_QUEUE_NAME);
}
//自定义交换机 我们在这里定义的是一个延迟交换机
@Bean
public CustomExchange delayedExchange() {
Map args = new HashMap<>();
//自定义交换机的类型
args.put("x-delayed-type", "direct");
return new CustomExchange(DELAYED_EXCHANGE_NAME, "x-delayed-message", true, false, args);
}
@Bean
public Binding bindingDelayedQueue(@Qualifier("delayedQueue") Queue queue, @Qualifier("delayedExchange") CustomExchange delayedExchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(delayedExchange).with(DELAYED_ROUTING_KEY).noargs();
}
} 生产者
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.Date;
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping("ttl")
@RestController
public class SendMsgController {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@GetMapping("sendMsg/{message}")
public void sendMsg(@PathVariable String message){
log.info("当前时间：{},发送一条信息给两个 TTL 队列:{}", new Date(), message);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X", "XA", "消息来自 ttl 为 10S 的队列: "+message);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X", "XB", "消息来自 ttl 为 40S 的队列: "+message);
}
@GetMapping("sendExpirationMsg/{message}/{ttlTime}")
public void sendMsg(@PathVariable String message,@PathVariable String ttlTime) {
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X", "XC", message, correlationData ->{
correlationData.getMessageProperties().setExpiration(ttlTime);
return correlationData;
});
log.info("当前时间：{},发送一条时长{}毫秒 TTL 信息给队列 C:{}", new Date(),ttlTime, message);
}
public static final String DELAYED_EXCHANGE_NAME = "delayed.exchange";
public static final String DELAYED_ROUTING_KEY = "delayed.routingkey";
@GetMapping("sendDelayMsg/{message}/{delayTime}")
public void sendMsg(@PathVariable String message,@PathVariable Integer delayTime) {
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(DELAYED_EXCHANGE_NAME, DELAYED_ROUTING_KEY, message,
correlationData ->{
correlationData.getMessageProperties().setDelay(delayTime);
return correlationData;
});
log.info(" 当 前 时 间 ： {}, 发送一条延迟 {} 毫秒的信息给队列 delayed.queue:{}", new
Date(),delayTime, message);
}
}消费者
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;
@Slf4j
@Component
public class DeadLetterQueueConsumer {
@RabbitListener(queues = "QD")
public void receiveD(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException {
String msg = new String(message.getBody());
log.info("当前时间：{},收到死信队列信息{}", new Date().toString(), msg);
}
public static final String DELAYED_QUEUE_NAME = "delayed.queue";
@RabbitListener(queues = DELAYED_QUEUE_NAME)
public void receiveDelayedQueue(Message message){
String msg = new String(message.getBody());
log.info("当前时间：{},收到延时队列的消息：{}", new Date().toString(), msg);
}
}结果
frist先消费了 ，符合要求。
