英语常用的介词

一、常用介词

介词(Preposition)是英语语法中的一类词语,用于连接名词、代词或名词性短语与其他词语,以指示位置、方向、时间、关系等概念。介词的最原始含义通常与空间、时间、方向或关系有关。以下是一些常见的介词及其最原始的含义:

  1. In

    • 作用:表示位置、状态、时间段等。
    • 例子:She is reading a book in the library. (位置) / They arrived in the morning. (时间) / The milk is in the refrigerator. (状态)
  2. On

    • 作用:表示表面、时间、联系等。
    • 例子:The cat is sitting on the table. (表面) / Our meeting is scheduled on Monday. (时间) / She is talking on the phone. (联系)
  3. Under

    • 作用:表示位置、关系等。
    • 例子:The keys are under the mat. (位置) / The cat is sleeping under the bed. (位置) / They are living under the same roof. (关系)
  4. At

    • 作用:表示位置、时间、活动等。
    • 例子:He's waiting for you at the entrance. (位置) / The party starts at 7 PM. (时间) / She's good at playing the piano. (活动)
  5. By

    • 作用:表示方法、陪同等。
    • 例子:He traveled by plane. (方法) / The painting was done by a famous artist. (制作者) / She's always there by my side. (陪同)
  6. With

    • 作用:表示附带、伴随、工具等。
    • 例子:I'll have my coffee with sugar. (附带) / She went to the park with her friends. (伴随) / He fixed the shelf with a hammer. (工具)
  7. To

    • 作用:表示方向、目的地等。
    • 例子:They walked to the store. (方向) / I'm going to the movies. (目的地) / She gave the gift to her sister. (间接目标)
  8. From

    • 作用:表示起始点、来源等。
    • 例子:I received a letter from my grandmother. (来源) / The train departs from the station. (起始点) / She learned Spanish from her teacher. (来源)
  9. Between

    • 作用:表示两者之间的关系。
    • 例子:The book is between the two bookshelves. (位置) / We split the pizza between us. (分配)
  10. Beside

    • 作用:表示在旁边、临近。
    • 例子:The cat is beside the dog. (位置) / The park is beside the river. (位置)
  11. Through

    • 作用:表示通过、穿过。
    • 例子:She walked through the forest. (位置) / He read through the book. (动作)
  12. For

    • 作用:表示为了、因为、持续时间等。
    • 例子:I bought flowers for my mom. (目的) / They went to the beach for a week. (持续时间) / I studied hard for the exam. (原因)
  13. Against

    • 作用:表示紧靠、对抗。
    • 例子:The ladder is leaning against the wall. (位置) / They are competing against each other. (对抗)

这个列表包含了一些常见的英语介词,它们的主要作用和用法。请记住,实际使用时需要根据上下文来选择正确的介词。

二、常用的时间介词

以下是与时间相关的一些常见英语介词,以及它们的含义:

  1. At

    • 含义:特定的时间点。
    • 例子:I have a meeting at 3 PM.
  2. In

    • 含义:一段时间内。
    • 例子:She will be back in a week.
  3. On

    • 含义:特定的日期或某一天。
    • 例子:We're having a party on Saturday.
  4. Before

    • 含义:在某个时间点之前。
    • 例子:Please complete the assignment before Friday.
  5. After

    • 含义:在某个时间点之后。
    • 例子:The concert starts after dinner.
  6. During

    • 含义:在某个时间段内。
    • 例子:He fell asleep during the movie.
  7. Between

    • 含义:在两个时间点之间。
    • 例子:The store is open between 9 AM and 6 PM.
  8. Until / Till

    • 含义:直到某个时间点。
    • 例子:I'll be working until late tonight.
  9. Since

    • 含义:自从某个时间点以来。
    • 例子:He has been studying English since last year.
  10. For

    • 含义:持续的时间。
    • 例子:They've been living here for five years.
  11. By

    • 含义:在某个截止时间之前。
    • 例子:Please finish the project by next Monday.
  12. Throughout

    • 含义:在整个时间段内。
    • 例子:It rained throughout the weekend.
  13. Within

    • 含义:在某个时间范围内。
    • 例子:You need to complete the task within three days.
  14. Around

    • 含义:大约在某个时间点附近。
    • 例子:The party will start around 7 PM.
  15. Beforehand

    • 含义:提前,在之前。
    • 例子:She prepared the presentation slides beforehand.

这些介词在描述时间方面扮演重要角色,帮助表达事件、活动和行程的时间关系。在使用时,请根据上下文选择适当的介词。

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