python request的post用法

表单中填入数据

import requests


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 表单数据是字典形式
    r1 = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', data={'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'})
    # 表单数据是字典形式, 一个键对应对个值
    r2 = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', data={'key1': ['value1', 'value2']})
    # 表单数据是元组列表形式， key可以相同，等价于用'key1': ['value1', 'value2']
    r3 = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', data=(('key1', 'value1'), ('key1', 'value2')))
    print('r1:', r1.text)
    print('r2:', r2.text)
    print('r3:', r3.text)

输出入下：

填入字符串

import requests


if __name__ == '__main__':
    payload = {'some': 'data'}
    r = requests.post('https://api.github.com/some/endpoint', json=payload)
    # 或者如下写法json.dumps(payload)将数据转换为字符串
    # r = requests.post('https://api.github.com/some/endpoint', data=json.dumps(payload))

上传文件

import requests
import os


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 文件的打开方式需要为rb
    r1 = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', files={'file': open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), '111.txt'), 'rb')})
    # 上传文件，并指定文件名称
    r2 = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', files={'file': ('111.txt', open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), '111.txt'), 'rb'))})
    # 通过文件对象上传字符串
    r3 = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', files={'file': ('111.txt', 'hahahahaha')})
    print('r1:', r1.text)
    print('r2:', r2.text)
    print('r3:', r3.text)

输出入下：