a、声明一个抽象方法taste() 该方法负责输出饮料的味道
b、声明int型常量来代表不同的饮料类型 咖啡、啤酒、牛奶
c、声明静态方法getDrink(int drinkType) 根据传入的参数创建不同的饮料对象 并返回该对象 建议使用switch语句。该方法要求声明DrinkNotFoundException 当没有相对应的饮料类型时 抛出该异常。
a、分别建立Drink的子类 Coffee 代表咖啡 Beer 代表啤酒 Milk 代表牛奶 ;
b、实现taste()方法 要求在控制台打印各自的味道特征。
建立Test测试类 测试以上内容的正确性
a、编写main方法 通过命令行传参的方式传入某种饮料的类型。
b、在main方法中 调用Drink类的getDrink方法 获得相应的饮料对象。注意捕获DrinkNotFoundException。
c、然后调用该饮料对象的taste()方法 输出该饮料的味道。
编译程序 并运行。
public abstract class Drink {
public abstract void taste();
private static final int COFFEE=1;
private static final int BEER=2;
private static final int MILK=3;
public static Drink getDrink(int drinkType) throws DrinkNotFoundException{
switch(drinkType){
case COFFEE:
return new Coffee();
case BEER:
return new Beer();
case MILK:
return new Milk();
default:
throw new DrinkNotFoundException("Invalid drink type");
}
}
}
public class DrinkNotFoundException extends Exception {
public DrinkNotFoundException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}
public class Coffee extends Drink {
@Override
public void taste() {
System.out.println("咖啡的味道:苦涩");
}
}
public class Beer extends Drink {
@Override
public void taste() {
System.out.println("啤酒的味道:苦中带甜");
}
}
public class Milk extends Drink {
@Override
public void taste() {
System.out.println("牛奶的味道:甜而清香");
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("数字:");
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
try {
int drinkType=scanner.nextInt();
Drink drink = Drink.getDrink(drinkType);
drink.taste();
} catch (DrinkNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println("没有相应的饮料类型");
}
}
}
14.1. 复数由实部、虚部两个部分组成,在类的定义中应包含保存这两部分信息的内容。
14.2. 在类中定义构造函数,使用户能够在构造对象的同时为对象赋初值。
14.3. 在类中定义复数的加法、减法、乘法三个二元操作符来完成复数间的加、减、乘的功能。
14.4. 通过重载toString,使得Complex类的对象能够显示其自身信息。
14.5. 通过显示定义一个成员函数完成对象的赋值操作,使用户能够对Complex类的对象进行赋值。
14.6. 编写一段主程序(main函数),使用户能够通过这段主程序输入复数并进行复数的计算。
public class Complex {
private double real;
private double imaginary;
public Complex(double real, double imaginary) {
this.real = real;
this.imaginary = imaginary;
}
public Complex add(Complex c) {
double realSum = this.real + c.real;
double imaginarySum = this.imaginary + c.imaginary;
return new Complex(realSum, imaginarySum);
}
public Complex subtract(Complex c) {
double realDiff = this.real - c.real;
double imaginaryDiff = this.imaginary - c.imaginary;
return new Complex(realDiff, imaginaryDiff);
}
public Complex multiply(Complex c) {
double realProduct = this.real * c.real - this.imaginary * c.imaginary;
double imaginaryProduct = this.real * c.imaginary + this.imaginary * c.real;
return new Complex(realProduct, imaginaryProduct);
}
public void assign(Complex c) {
this.real = c.real;
this.imaginary = c.imaginary;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return real + " + " + imaginary + "i";
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入第一个复数的实部:");
double real1 = scanner.nextDouble();
System.out.println("请输入第一个复数的虚部:");
double imaginary1 = scanner.nextDouble();
Complex complex1 = new Complex(real1, imaginary1);
System.out.println("请输入第二个复数的实部:");
double real2 = scanner.nextDouble();
System.out.println("请输入第二个复数的虚部:");
double imaginary2 = scanner.nextDouble();
Complex complex2 = new Complex(real2, imaginary2);
Complex sum = complex1.add(complex2);
Complex difference = complex1.subtract(complex2);
Complex product = complex1.multiply(complex2);
System.out.println("两个复数的和为:" + sum);
System.out.println("两个复数的差为:" + difference);
System.out.println("两个复数的积为:" + product);
scanner.close();
}
}
"张三,语文89,英语75#李四,语文72,英语91#王五,语文67,英语78"
显示:
姓名:王五,语文成绩:67,英语成绩78,总成绩:145
姓名:李四,语文成绩:72,英语成绩91,总成绩:163
姓名:张三,语文成绩:89,英语成绩75,总成绩:164
public class StudentInfo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String input1 = "张三,语文89,英语75#李四,语文72,英语91#王五,语文67,英语78";
// 将字符串解析为学生信息列表
List studentInfoList = Arrays.asList(input1.split("#"));
// 创建学生对象数组
Student[] students = new Student[studentInfoList.size()];
// 解析学生信息并存储到学生对象数组中
for (int i = 0; i < studentInfoList.size(); i++) {
String studentInfo = studentInfoList.get(i);
String[] infoArray = studentInfo.split(",");
String name = infoArray[0];
int chineseScore = Integer.parseInt(infoArray[1].substring(2));
int englishScore = Integer.parseInt(infoArray[2].substring(2));
int totalScore = chineseScore + englishScore;
students[i] = new Student(name, chineseScore, englishScore, totalScore);
}
// 按总成绩排序
Arrays.sort(students, Comparator.comparingInt(Student::getTotalScore));
// 显示学生信息
for (int i = students.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
Student student = students[i];
System.out.println("姓名:" + student.getName() + ",语文成绩:" + student.getChineseScore() +
",英语成绩:" + student.getEnglishScore() + ",总成绩:" + student.getTotalScore());
}
}
}
class Student {
private String name;
private int chineseScore;
private int englishScore;
private int totalScore;
public Student(String name, int chineseScore, int englishScore, int totalScore) {
this.name = name;
this.chineseScore = chineseScore;
this.englishScore = englishScore;
this.totalScore = totalScore;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public int getChineseScore() {
return chineseScore;
}
public int getEnglishScore() {
return englishScore;
}
public int getTotalScore() {
return totalScore;
}
}
import java.util.Scanner;
public class StringTransformation {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("请输入一个字符串:");
String input = scanner.nextLine();
// 将大写字母转换为小写字母,小写字母转换为大写字母
String transformed = "";
for (int i = 0; i < input.length(); i++) {
char c = input.charAt(i);
System.out.println(c);
if (Character.isUpperCase(c)) {
transformed += Character.toLowerCase(c);
} else if (Character.isLowerCase(c)) {
transformed += Character.toUpperCase(c);
} else {
transformed += c;
}
}
// 将前后字符对换
StringBuilder reversed = new StringBuilder(transformed);
reversed.reverse();
System.out.println("转换后的结果:" + reversed.toString());
}
}
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class BigData {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List> bigData = new ArrayList<>();
// 添加三个班级
bigData.add(new ArrayList<>());
// 班级1
bigData.add(new ArrayList<>()); // 班级2
bigData.add(new ArrayList<>()); // 班级3
// 定义每个班级的人数
int[] classSizes = {7, 10, 15};
// 使用循环给每个班级添加学生姓名
for (int i = 0; i < bigData.size(); i++) {
List classStudents = bigData.get(i);
for (int j = 1; j <= classSizes[i]; j++) {
classStudents.add("学生" + j);
}
}
// 遍历大数据集合,显示每个班级的学生姓名
for (int i = 0; i < bigData.size(); i++) {
List classStudents = bigData.get(i);
System.out.println("班级" + (i+1) + "的学生姓名:");
for (String student : classStudents) {
System.out.println(student);
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}
要求:
输出结果格式:a(5)b(4)c(3)d(2)e(1);
小括号中是前面字符出现的次数。
提示:首先使用集合存储不重复的元素,然后用集合中的每一个元素和字符串中的每一个字符进行比较,统计各个字符出现的次数。
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class CharacterCount {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String str = "aababcabcdabcde";
Map charCountMap = new HashMap<>();
// 统计每个字符的出现次数
for (char c : str.toCharArray()) {
if (charCountMap.containsKey(c)) {
int count = charCountMap.get(c);
charCountMap.put(c, count + 1);
} else {
charCountMap.put(c, 1);
}
}
// 输出结果
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
for (Map.Entry entry : charCountMap.entrySet()) {
result.append(entry.getKey()).append("(").append(entry.getValue()).append(")");
}
System.out.println(result.toString());
}
}
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class StudentInfo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List students = new ArrayList<>();
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
// 录入学生信息
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
System.out.println("请输入第" + (i + 1) + "个学生的姓名:");
String name = scanner.next();
System.out.println("请输入第" + (i + 1) + "个学生的语文成绩:");
int chineseScore = getValidScore(scanner);
System.out.println("请输入第" + (i + 1) + "个学生的英语成绩:");
int englishScore = getValidScore(scanner);
System.out.println("请输入第" + (i + 1) + "个学生的数学成绩:");
int mathScore = getValidScore(scanner);
students.add(new Student1(name, chineseScore, englishScore, mathScore));
}
// 按总成绩排序
students.sort(Comparator.comparingInt(Student1::getTotalScore).reversed());
// 显示学生信息
System.out.println("学生信息如下:");
for (Student1 student : students) {
System.out.println("姓名:" + student.getName() + ",语文成绩:" + student.getChineseScore() +
",英语成绩:" + student.getEnglishScore() + ",数学成绩:" + student.getMathScore() +
",总成绩:" + student.getTotalScore());
}
}
private static int getValidScore(Scanner scanner) {
int score;
while (true) {
score = scanner.nextInt();
if (score < 0 || score > 100) {
try {
throw new ChengjiFeifaException("成绩不合法!");
} catch (ChengjiFeifaException e) {
System.out.println("异常信息:" + e.getMessage());
}
} else {
break;
}
}
return score;
}
}
class Student1 {
private String name;
private int chineseScore;
private int englishScore;
private int mathScore;
private int totalScore;
public Student1(String name, int chineseScore, int englishScore, int mathScore) {
this.name = name;
this.chineseScore = chineseScore;
this.englishScore = englishScore;
this.mathScore = mathScore;
this.totalScore = chineseScore + englishScore + mathScore;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public int getChineseScore() {
return chineseScore;
}
public int getEnglishScore() {
return englishScore;
}
public int getMathScore() {
return mathScore;
}
public int getTotalScore() {
return totalScore;
}
}
class ChengjiFeifaException extends Exception {
public ChengjiFeifaException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}