java八股文面试[多线程]——线程的状态

5种状态一般是针对传统的线程状态来说（操作系统层面）

6种状态：Java中给线程准备的

NEW：Thread对象被创建出来了，但是还没有执行start方法。

RUNNABLE：Thread对象调用了start方法，就为RUNNABLE状态（CPU调度/没有调度）

BLOCKED、WAITING、TIME_WAITING：都可以理解为是阻塞、等待状态，因为处在这三种状态下，CPU不会调度当前线程

BLOCKED：synchronized没有拿到同步锁，被阻塞的情况

WAITING：调用wait方法就会处于WAITING状态，需要被手动唤醒

TIME_WAITING：调用sleep方法或者join方法，会被自动唤醒，无需手动唤醒

TERMINATED：run方法执行完毕，线程生命周期到头了

在Java代码中验证一下效果

NEW：

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
    Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
  
    });
    System.out.println(t1.getState());
}

RUNNABLE：

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
    Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
        while(true){

        }
    });
    t1.start();
    Thread.sleep(500);
    System.out.println(t1.getState());
}

BLOCKED：

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
    Object obj = new Object();
    Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
        // t1线程拿不到锁资源，导致变为BLOCKED状态
        synchronized (obj){

        }
    });
    // main线程拿到obj的锁资源
    synchronized (obj) {
        t1.start();
        Thread.sleep(500);
        System.out.println(t1.getState());
    }
}

WAITING：

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
    Object obj = new Object();
    Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
        synchronized (obj){
            try {
                obj.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    });
    t1.start();
    Thread.sleep(500);
    System.out.println(t1.getState());
}

TIMED_WAITING：

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
    Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    });
    t1.start();
    Thread.sleep(500);
    System.out.println(t1.getState());
}

TERMINATED：

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
    Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(500);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    });
    t1.start();
    Thread.sleep(1000);
    System.out.println(t1.getState());
}

知识来源：

【2023年面试】Java面向对象有哪些特征_哔哩哔哩_bilibili