Day39nginx代理和负载均衡

• web节点

[root@web01 ~]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/web.oldxu.com.conf 
server {
    listen 8080;
    server_name web.oldxu.com;
    root /web;

    location / {
        index index.html;
    }
}

• 代理配置

[root@lb01 ~]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/proxy_web.oldxu.com.conf 
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name web.oldxu.com;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://10.0.0.7:8080;
    }
}

代理参数

[root@lb01 ~]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/proxy_web.oldxu.com.conf 
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name web.oldxu.com;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://10.0.0.7:80;
        include proxy_params;
        
    }
}
[root@lb01 ~]# cat /etc/nginx/proxy_params 
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Connection "";

proxy_connect_timeout 30;
proxy_send_timeout 60;
proxy_read_timeout 60;

proxy_buffering on;
proxy_buffer_size 32k;
proxy_buffers 4 128k;

负载均衡

[root@lb01 ~]# cat  /etc/nginx/conf.d/proxy_web.oldxu.com.conf 
upstream web {
    server 10.0.0.7:8000;
    server 10.0.0.8:8000;
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name web.oldxu.com;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://web;
        include proxy_params;
        
    }
}

后端web配置 (所有的web都需要配置一致)

[root@web01 conf.d]# cat web.oldxu.com.conf 
server {
    listen 8000;
    server_name web.oldxu.com;
    root /web;

    location / {
        index index.html;
    }
}

[root@web02 conf.d]# cat web.oldxu.com.conf 
server {
    listen 8000;
    server_name web.oldxu.com;
    root /web;

    location / {
        index index.html;
    }
}

blog zh 集成
1.确保所有的web节点都安装好了blog或者zh 并得确保是能正常访问的
2.接入负载均衡

如果出现问题:
    将负载均衡--->代理到指定的一台服务器   测试     在换一台  测试 

配置如下:

[root@lb01 conf.d]# cat proxy_blog.oldxu.com.conf 
upstream blog {
    server 172.16.1.7:80;
    server 172.16.1.8:80;
}


server {
    listen 80;
    server_name blog.oldxu.com;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://blog;
        include proxy_params;
    }
}

[root@web01 conf.d]# cat blog.oldxu.com.conf 
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name blog.oldxu.com;
    root /code/wordpress;
    client_max_body_size 100m;

    location / {
        index index.php index.html;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }
}

[root@lb01 conf.d]# cat proxy_zh.oldxu.com.conf 
upstream zh {
    server 172.16.1.7:80;
    server 172.16.1.8:80;
}


server {
    listen 80;
    server_name zh.oldxu.com;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://zh;
        include proxy_params;
    }
}

[root@web01 conf.d]# cat zh.oldxu.com.conf 
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name zh.oldxu.com;
    root /code/zh;
    client_max_body_size 100m;

    location / {
        index index.php;
    }
    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }
}

负载均衡调度算法

调度算法	概述
轮询	按时间顺序逐一分配到不同的后端服务器(默认)
weight	加权轮询,weight值越大,分配到的访问几率越高 4 16G 8 64G
ip_hash	每个请求按访问IP的hash结果分配,这样来自同一IP的固定访问一个后端服务器
url_hash	按照访问URL的hash结果来分配请求,是每个URL定向到同一个后端服务器
least_conn	最少链接数,那个机器链接数少就分发

2.后端的节点状态指标

状态	概述
down	当前的server暂时不参与负载均衡
backup	预留的备份服务器
max_fails	允许请求失败的次数
fail_timeout	经过max_fails失败后, 服务暂停时间
max_conns	限制最大的接收连接数

[root@lb01 conf.d]# cat proxy_web.oldxu.com.conf 
upstream web {
    server 10.0.0.7:80 max_conns=1000 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;
    server 10.0.0.8:80 max_conns=1000 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;
    
    keepalive 16;   #最大的空闲连接数
    keepalive_timeout 100s; #超时时间
    keepalive_requests 50;  #一个连接最大的请求数
    
    #负载均衡与后端的连接和请求数的限制  
    #注意:需要配置  proxy_http_version   proxy_set_header Connection "";
}
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name web.oldxu.com;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://web;
        include proxy_params;   
    }
}

会话保持

置一个网站:  
    1.测试session是否存储至于本地
    2.配置多个web节点
    3.接入负载均衡   --->轮询  -->正常登陆
    
    
    第一步:  记得测试
    [root@web01 ~]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/phpmyadmin.oldxu.com.conf 
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name phpmyadmin.oldxu.com;
        root /code/phpmyadmin;

        location / {
            index index.php;
        }

        location ~ \.php$ {
            fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include fastcgi_params;
        }
    }

    第二步配置phpmyadmin
        [root@web01 ~]# cd /code/phpmyadmin/
        [root@web01 phpmyadmin]# cp config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php 
    
    第三步修改配置文件(修改为需要连接的数据库IP地址)
        [root@web01 phpmyadmin]# vim config.inc.php 
            $cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] = '172.16.1.51';
    
    第四步配置第二个节点:  记得测试
    

    第五步: 接入负载均衡
    [root@lb01 ~]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/proxy_phpmyadmin.oldxu.com.conf 
    upstream php {
        server 172.16.1.7:80;
        server 172.16.1.8:80;
    }


    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name phpmyadmin.oldxu.com;

        location / {
            proxy_pass http://php;
            include proxy_params;
        }
    }