Python进阶(args 和 kwargs)


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文章地址:Python进阶


args 和 kwargs


*args 是用来发送一个非键值对的可变数量的参数列表给一个函数.
def test_var_args(f_arg, *argv):
    print("first normal arg:", f_arg)
    for arg in argv:
        print("another arg through *argv:", arg)

test_var_args('yasoob', 'python', 'eggs', 'test')

输出内容:

first normal arg: yasoob
another arg through *argv: python
another arg through *argv: eggs
another arg through *argv: test



**kwargs 允许你将不定长度的键值对, 作为参数传递给一个函数。
def greet_me(**kwargs):
    for key, value in kwargs.items():
        print("{0} == {1}".format(key, value))

greet_me(name="yasoob")

输出内容:

name == yasoob



使用 *args 和 **kwargs 来调用函数
def test_args_kwargs(arg1, arg2, arg3):
    print("arg1:", arg1)
    print("arg2:", arg2)
    print("arg3:", arg3)

args = ("two", 3, 5)
test_args_kwargs(*args)
print("---")
kwargs = {"arg3": 3, "arg2": "two", "arg1": 5}
test_args_kwargs(**kwargs)

输出内容:

arg1: two
arg2: 3
arg3: 5
---
arg1: 5
arg2: two
arg3: 3



什么时候使用它们?

做测试时,可以把API调用替换成一些测试数据

import someclass

def get_info(self, *args):
    return "Test data"

someclass.get_info = get_info

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