AndroidX ViewMode + LiveData

ViewMode

可以理解为就是个数据的载体，ViewMode被ViewModeStore作为一个Map的K,V保存，而AndroidX把Activity和Fragment都定义成一个ViewModeStoreOwner（可以提供一个ViewModeStore）。而提供的ViewModeProvider其实就是检查ViewModeStore的Map里面是否有ViewMode有直接返回，无则反射构成方法创建一个放入Map，返回。而且ViewModeStore会在Activity，Fragment非正常退出时（配置改变（例如横竖屏切换、系统内存不足回收）），进行保存恢复。

  
package androidx.lifecycle;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;

/**
 * A scope that owns {@link ViewModelStore}.
 * 

 * A responsibility of an implementation of this interface is to retain owned ViewModelStore
 * during the configuration changes and call {@link ViewModelStore#clear()}, when this scope is
 * going to be destroyed.
 */
@SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess")
public interface ViewModelStoreOwner {
    /**
     * Returns owned {@link ViewModelStore}
     *
     * @return a {@code ViewModelStore}
     */
    @NonNull
    ViewModelStore getViewModelStore();
}

@NonNull
    @Override
    public ViewModelStore getViewModelStore() {
        if (getApplication() == null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Your activity is not yet attached to the "
                    + "Application instance. You can't request ViewModel before onCreate call.");
        }
        if (mViewModelStore == null) {
            NonConfigurationInstances nc =
                    (NonConfigurationInstances) getLastNonConfigurationInstance();
            if (nc != null) {
                // Restore the ViewModelStore from NonConfigurationInstances
                mViewModelStore = nc.viewModelStore;
            }
            if (mViewModelStore == null) {
                mViewModelStore = new ViewModelStore();
            }
        }
        return mViewModelStore;
    }

//保存ViewModeStore
@Override
    @Nullable
    public final Object onRetainNonConfigurationInstance() {
        Object custom = onRetainCustomNonConfigurationInstance();

        ViewModelStore viewModelStore = mViewModelStore;
        if (viewModelStore == null) {
            // No one called getViewModelStore(), so see if there was an existing
            // ViewModelStore from our last NonConfigurationInstance
            NonConfigurationInstances nc =
                    (NonConfigurationInstances) getLastNonConfigurationInstance();
            if (nc != null) {
                viewModelStore = nc.viewModelStore;
            }
        }

        if (viewModelStore == null && custom == null) {
            return null;
        }

        NonConfigurationInstances nci = new NonConfigurationInstances();
        nci.custom = custom;
        nci.viewModelStore = viewModelStore;
        return nci;
    }


getLifecycle().addObserver(new LifecycleEventObserver() {
            @Override
            public void onStateChanged(@NonNull LifecycleOwner source,
                    @NonNull Lifecycle.Event event) {
                if (event == Lifecycle.Event.ON_DESTROY) {
                    if (!isChangingConfigurations()) {
                        getViewModelStore().clear();  //如果非正常返回则不clear ViewModeStore
                    }
                }
            }
        });

LiveData

可以理解为一个观察通知者模式，当LiveData的数据改变时，我们就去通知其Observer，但是LiveData所有的Observer有生命周期和数据版本的概念，其只通知active和数据version小于当前数据版本的Observer，并且能够根据Observer的生命周期移除Destory的Observer。

@MainThread
    public void observe(@NonNull LifecycleOwner owner, @NonNull Observer observer) {
        assertMainThread("observe");
        if (owner.getLifecycle().getCurrentState() == DESTROYED) {
            // ignore
            return;
        }
        LifecycleBoundObserver wrapper = new LifecycleBoundObserver(owner, observer);
        ObserverWrapper existing = mObservers.putIfAbsent(observer, wrapper);
        if (existing != null && !existing.isAttachedTo(owner)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot add the same observer"
                    + " with different lifecycles");
        }
        if (existing != null) {
            return;
        }
        owner.getLifecycle().addObserver(wrapper); //添加观察生命周期变化
    }

 class LifecycleBoundObserver extends ObserverWrapper implements LifecycleEventObserver {
        @NonNull
        final LifecycleOwner mOwner;

        LifecycleBoundObserver(@NonNull LifecycleOwner owner, Observer observer) {
            super(observer);
            mOwner = owner;
        }

        @Override
        boolean shouldBeActive() {
            return mOwner.getLifecycle().getCurrentState().isAtLeast(STARTED);
        }

        @Override
        public void onStateChanged(@NonNull LifecycleOwner source,
                @NonNull Lifecycle.Event event) {
            if (mOwner.getLifecycle().getCurrentState() == DESTROYED) {
                removeObserver(mObserver);   // 如果是DESTROYED则将其移除
                return;
            }
            activeStateChanged(shouldBeActive()); // 根据状态变化，如果进入active则通知observer，值变化
        }

        @Override
        boolean isAttachedTo(LifecycleOwner owner) {
            return mOwner == owner;
        }

        @Override
        void detachObserver() {
            mOwner.getLifecycle().removeObserver(this);
        }
    }

void activeStateChanged(boolean newActive) {
            if (newActive == mActive) {
                return;
            }
            // immediately set active state, so we'd never dispatch anything to inactive
            // owner
            mActive = newActive;
            boolean wasInactive = LiveData.this.mActiveCount == 0;
            LiveData.this.mActiveCount += mActive ? 1 : -1;
            if (wasInactive && mActive) {
                onActive();
            }
            if (LiveData.this.mActiveCount == 0 && !mActive) {
                onInactive();
            }
            if (mActive) {
                dispatchingValue(this);
            }
        }
void dispatchingValue(@Nullable ObserverWrapper initiator) {
        if (mDispatchingValue) {
            mDispatchInvalidated = true;
            return;
        }
        mDispatchingValue = true;
        do {
            mDispatchInvalidated = false;
            if (initiator != null) {
                considerNotify(initiator);
                initiator = null;
            } else {
                for (Iterator, ObserverWrapper>> iterator =
                        mObservers.iteratorWithAdditions(); iterator.hasNext(); ) {
                    considerNotify(iterator.next().getValue());
                    if (mDispatchInvalidated) {
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        } while (mDispatchInvalidated);
        mDispatchingValue = false;
    }


// 根据Observer状态和已经接收到的数据Version来确定该Data要不要通知Observer
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private void considerNotify(ObserverWrapper observer) {
        if (!observer.mActive) {
            return;
        }
        // Check latest state b4 dispatch. Maybe it changed state but we didn't get the event yet.
        //
        // we still first check observer.active to keep it as the entrance for events. So even if
        // the observer moved to an active state, if we've not received that event, we better not
        // notify for a more predictable notification order.
        if (!observer.shouldBeActive()) {
            observer.activeStateChanged(false);
            return;
        }
        if (observer.mLastVersion >= mVersion) {
            return;
        }
        observer.mLastVersion = mVersion;
        observer.mObserver.onChanged((T) mData);
    }