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璧峰垵缇庡浗鏈夊叧鏍囧噯缁勭粐鍒跺畾浜嗕竴濂楃紪鐮佸彨ASCII鐮�,鐢ㄤ簡涓�涓瓧鑺備綆7浣�,鏈�楂樹綅浜岃繘鍒朵綅0,缂栫爜鑼冨洿鏄�00000000-0xxxxxxx锛屾�诲叡鏈�128鐘舵��,琛ㄧず浜嗗ぇ灏忓啓瀛楁瘝,鏁板瓧,鏍囩偣绗﹀彿浠ュ強鐗规畩鐨勬帶鍒跺瓧绗�.
0~31浠ュ強127(鍏�33涓�)鏄帶鍒跺瓧绗�,渚嬪:LF(鎹㈣),CR(鍥炶溅).
32~156(鍏�95涓�)鏄瓧绗�,48~57涓�0鍒�9鍏卞崄涓樋鎷変集鏁板瓧,65~122鏄ぇ灏忕殑鑻辨枃瀛楁瘝,鍏朵綑鐨勬槸瀛楃,杩愮畻绗︾瓑.
0-127聽鏍囧噯ascii鐮侊紝127-255鎵╁睍ascii鐮侊紝鎵╁睍涓昏瀛樺偍瑗挎鍥藉鐨勪竴浜涘瓧绗�
ISO8859-1
Latin1鏄疘SO-8859-1鐨勫埆鍚嶏紝鏈変簺鐜涓嬪啓浣淟atin-1銆傚睘浜庡崟瀛楄妭缂栫爜锛屾渶澶氳兘琛ㄧず鐨勫瓧绗﹁寖鍥存槸0-255锛屽簲鐢ㄤ簬鑻辨枃绯诲垪銆傛瘮濡傦紝瀛楁瘝a鐨勭紪鐮佷负0x61=97銆�
GB2312
瀹冩槸鍙屽瓧鑺傜紪鐮侊紝鎬荤殑缂栫爜鑼冨洿鏄� A1-F7锛屽叾涓粠 A1-A9 鏄鍙峰尯锛屾�诲叡鍖呭惈 682 涓鍙凤紝浠� B0-F7 鏄眽瀛楀尯锛屽寘鍚� 6763 涓眽瀛楋紝1980骞村彂甯冦��
瑙勫畾锛氫竴涓皬浜�127鐨勫瓧绗︾殑鎰忎箟涓庡師鏉ョ浉鍚岋紝浣嗕袱涓ぇ浜�127鐨勫瓧绗﹁繛鍦ㄤ竴璧锋椂锛屽氨琛ㄧず涓�涓眽瀛楋紝鍓嶉潰鐨勪竴涓瓧鑺傦紙浠栫О涔嬩负楂樺瓧鑺傦級浠�0xA1鐢ㄥ埌 0xF7锛屽悗闈竴涓瓧鑺傦紙浣庡瓧鑺傦級浠�0xA1鍒�0xFE锛岃繖鏍锋垜浠氨鍙互缁勫悎鍑哄ぇ绾�7000澶氫釜绠�浣撴眽瀛椾簡銆傚湪杩欎簺缂栫爜閲岋紝鎴戜滑杩樻妸鏁板绗﹀彿銆佺綏椹笇鑵婄殑 瀛楁瘝銆佹棩鏂囩殑鍋囧悕浠兘缂栬繘鍘讳簡锛岃繛鍦� ASCII 閲屾湰鏉ュ氨鏈夌殑鏁板瓧銆佹爣鐐广�佸瓧姣嶉兘缁熺粺閲嶆柊缂栦簡涓や釜瀛楄妭闀跨殑缂栫爜锛岃繖灏辨槸甯歌鐨�"鍏ㄨ"瀛楃锛岃�屽師鏉ュ湪127鍙蜂互涓嬬殑閭ｄ簺灏卞彨"鍗婅"瀛楃浜嗐��
GBK
瀹冪殑缂栫爜鑼冨洿鏄� 8140~FEFE锛堝幓鎺� XX7F锛夋�诲叡鏈� 23940 涓爜浣嶏紝瀹冭兘琛ㄧず 21003 涓眽瀛楋紝瀹冪殑缂栫爜鏄拰 GB2312 鍏煎鐨勶紝涔熷氨鏄鐢� GB2312 缂栫爜鐨勬眽瀛楀彲浠ョ敤 GBK 鏉ヨВ鐮侊紝骞朵笖涓嶄細鏈変贡鐮併�俫b2312鐨勪綆瀛楄妭鏈�>127浣嶇殑闄愬埗锛屼负浜嗘墿灞曟洿澶氬瓧绗︼紝浜庢槸骞茶剢涓嶅啀瑕佹眰浣庡瓧鑺備竴瀹氭槸127鍙蜂箣鍚庣殑鍐呯爜锛屽彧瑕佺涓�涓瓧鑺傛槸澶т簬127灏卞浐瀹氳〃绀鸿繖鏄竴涓眽瀛楃殑寮�濮嬶紝GBK 鍖呮嫭浜� GB2312 鐨勬墍鏈夊唴瀹癸紝鍚屾椂鍙堝鍔犱簡杩�20000涓柊鐨勬眽瀛楋紙鍖呮嫭绻佷綋瀛楋級鍜岀鍙枫��
GB18030
瀹冨彲鑳芥槸鍗曞瓧鑺傘�佸弻瀛楄妭鎴栬�呭洓瀛楄妭缂栫爜锛屽畠鐨勭紪鐮佷笌 GB2312 缂栫爜鍏煎锛岃繖涓櫧鐒舵槸鍥藉鏍囧噯锛屼絾鏄疄闄呭簲鐢ㄧ郴缁熶腑浣跨敤鐨勫苟涓嶅箍娉涖�備富瑕佸皯鏁版皯鏃忎篃瑕佺敤鐢佃剳浜嗭紝浜庢槸鎴戜滑鍐嶆墿灞曪紝鍏辨敹褰曚簡27484涓眽瀛楋紝鍙堝姞浜嗗嚑鍗冧釜鏂扮殑灏戞暟姘戞棌鐨勫瓧锛屽寘鎷挋鏂囷紝钘忔枃锛岀淮鍚惧皵鏂囷紝鍦℅BK鐨勫熀纭�涓� 鎵╂垚浜咷B18030銆備粠姝や箣鍚庯紝涓崕姘戞棌鐨勬枃鍖栧氨鍙互鍦ㄨ绠楁満鏃朵唬涓紶鎵夸簡銆�
鍘嗗彶闂
ASCII 鐮佺殑闂鍦ㄤ簬灏界鎵�鏈変汉閮藉湪 0 - 127 鍙峰瓧绗︿笂杈炬垚浜嗕竴鑷达紝浣嗗浜� 128 - 255 鍙峰瓧绗︿笂鍗存湁寰堝绉嶄笉鍚岀殑瑙ｉ噴銆備笌姝ゅ悓鏃讹紝浜氭床璇█鏈夋洿澶氱殑瀛楃闇�瑕佽瀛樺偍锛屼竴涓瓧鑺傚凡缁忎笉澶熺敤浜嗐�備簬鏄紝浜轰滑寮�濮嬩娇鐢ㄤ袱涓瓧鑺傛潵瀛樺偍瀛楃锛岃繖绉嶄互鍙屽瓧鑺傜殑瀛楃闆嗙О涓衡�淒BCS鈥濓紙Double Byte Charecter Set锛夛紝鎵�寮曠敵鍑烘潵鐨勭紪鐮� 濡傚彴婀綽ig5,鏃ユ湰shift_js,闊╁浗euc-kr绛夛紝杩欎簺缂栫爜閮芥槸鏍规嵁鎿嶄綔绯荤粺鐩稿叧锛屾绫荤紪鐮佺О涔嬩负ansi缂栫爜锛岀畝浣撲腑鏂囨搷浣滅郴缁熺殑ansi鍏跺疄灏辨槸gbk.
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Unicode
鏈�缁堬紝缇庡浗浜烘剰璇嗗埌浠栦滑搴旇鎻愬嚭涓�绉嶆爣鍑嗘柟妗堟潵灞曠ず涓栫晫涓婃墍鏈夎瑷�涓殑鎵�鏈夊瓧绗︼紝鍑轰簬杩欎釜鐩殑锛孶nicode璇炵敓浜嗭紝鎴栧彨UCS锛屽垎涓篣CS-2鍜孶CS-4.鍒嗗埆浠ｈ〃鐢�2鎴�4涓瓧鑺傚瓨鍌ㄣ��
Unicode 缁欐墍鏈夌殑瀛楃鎸囧畾浜嗕竴涓暟瀛楃敤鏉ヨ〃绀鸿瀛楃銆�
鐜扮洰鍓� Unicode 鏀寔 3绉嶇紪鐮佹柟寮忥紝UTF-8锛孶TF-16锛孶TF-32銆�
缂栫爜鏂瑰紡瀛楄妭鏁�
UTF-81 - 4
UTF-162 or 4
UTF-324
UTF-8
鐩墠浜掕仈缃戜笂浣跨敤鏈�骞挎硾鐨勪竴绉� Unicode 缂栫爜鏂瑰紡锛屽畠鐨勬渶澶х壒鐐瑰氨鏄彲鍙橀暱銆傚畠鍙互浣跨敤 1 - 4 涓瓧鑺傝〃绀轰竴涓瓧绗︼紝鏍规嵁瀛楃鐨勪笉鍚屽彉鎹㈤暱搴︺�傜紪鐮佽鍒欏涓嬶細
瀵逛簬鍗曚釜瀛楄妭鐨勫瓧绗︼紝绗竴浣嶈涓� 0锛屽悗闈㈢殑 7 浣嶅搴旇繖涓瓧绗︾殑 Unicode 鐮佺偣銆傚洜姝わ紝瀵逛簬鑻辨枃涓殑 0 - 127 鍙峰瓧绗︼紝涓� ASCII 鐮佸畬鍏ㄧ浉鍚屻�傝繖鎰忓懗鐫� ASCII 鐮侀偅涓勾浠ｇ殑鏂囨。鐢� UTF-8 缂栫爜鎵撳紑瀹屽叏娌℃湁闂銆�
瀵逛簬闇�瑕佷娇鐢� N 涓瓧鑺傛潵琛ㄧず鐨勫瓧绗︼紙N > 1锛夛紝绗竴涓瓧鑺傜殑鍓� N 浣嶉兘璁句负 1锛岀 N + 1 浣嶈涓�0锛屽墿浣欑殑 N - 1 涓瓧鑺傜殑鍓嶄袱浣嶉兘璁句綅 10锛屽墿涓嬬殑浜岃繘鍒朵綅鍒欎娇鐢ㄨ繖涓瓧绗︾殑 Unicode 鐮佺偣鏉ュ～鍏呫��
缂栫爜瑙勫垯濡備笅锛�
Unicode 鍗佸叚杩涘埗鐮佺偣鑼冨洿 UTF-8 浜岃繘鍒�
0x00- 0x7F聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽0xxxxxxx
0x80-0x7FF聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽110xxxxx 10xxxxxx
0x800-0xFFFF聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
0x10000 - 0x10FFFF聽 聽 聽 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
鏍规嵁涓婇潰缂栫爜瑙勫垯瀵圭収琛紝杩涜 UTF-8 缂栫爜鍜岃В鐮佸氨绠�鍗曞浜嗐�備笅闈互姹夊瓧鈥滄眽鈥濅负鍒╋紝鍏蜂綋璇存槑濡備綍杩涜 UTF-8 缂栫爜鍜岃В鐮併��
鈥滄眽鈥濈殑 Unicode 鐮佺偣鏄� 0x6c49锛�110 1100 0100 1001锛夛紝閫氳繃涓婇潰鐨勫鐓ц〃鍙互鍙戠幇锛�0x0000 6c49 浣嶄簬绗笁琛岀殑鑼冨洿锛岄偅涔堝緱鍑哄叾鏍煎紡涓� 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx銆傛帴鐫�锛屼粠鈥滄眽鈥濈殑浜岃繘鍒舵暟鏈�鍚庝竴浣嶅紑濮嬶紝浠庡悗鍚戝墠渚濇濉厖瀵瑰簲鏍煎紡涓殑 x锛屽鍑虹殑 x 鐢� 0 琛ヤ笂銆傝繖鏍凤紝灏卞緱鍒颁簡鈥滄眽鈥濈殑 UTF-8 缂栫爜涓� 11100110 10110001 10001001锛岃浆鎹㈡垚鍗佸叚杩涘埗灏辨槸 0xE6 0xB7 0x89銆�
瑙ｇ爜鐨勮繃绋嬩篃鍗佸垎绠�鍗曪細濡傛灉涓�涓瓧鑺傜殑绗竴浣嶆槸 0 锛屽垯璇存槑杩欎釜瀛楄妭瀵瑰簲涓�涓瓧绗︼紱濡傛灉涓�涓瓧鑺傜殑绗竴浣�1锛岄偅涔堣繛缁湁澶氬皯涓� 1锛屽氨琛ㄧず璇ュ瓧绗﹀崰鐢ㄥ灏戜釜瀛楄妭銆�
瀛楄妭搴�
Little endian鍜孊ig endian
浠ユ眽瀛�"涓�"涓轰緥锛孶nicode鐮佹槸4E25锛岄渶瑕佺敤涓や釜瀛楄妭瀛樺偍锛屼竴涓瓧鑺傛槸4E锛屽彟涓�涓瓧鑺傛槸25銆傚瓨鍌ㄧ殑鏃跺�欙紝4E鍦ㄥ墠锛�25鍦ㄥ悗锛屽氨鏄疊ig endian鏂瑰紡锛�25鍦ㄥ墠锛�4E鍦ㄥ悗锛屽氨鏄疞ittle endian鏂瑰紡銆�
杩欎袱涓彜鎬殑鍚嶇О鏉ヨ嚜鑻卞浗浣滃鏂▉澶壒鐨勩�婃牸鍒椾經娓歌銆嬨�傚湪璇ヤ功涓紝灏忎汉鍥介噷鐖嗗彂浜嗗唴鎴橈紝鎴樹簤璧峰洜鏄汉浠簤璁猴紝鍚冮浮铔嬫椂绌剁珶鏄粠澶уご(Big-Endian)鏁插紑杩樻槸浠庡皬澶�(Little-Endian)鏁插紑銆備负浜嗚繖浠朵簨鎯咃紝鍓嶅悗鐖嗗彂浜嗗叚娆℃垬浜夛紝涓�涓殗甯濋�佷簡鍛斤紝鍙︿竴涓殗甯濅涪浜嗙帇浣嶃��
鍥犳锛岀涓�涓瓧鑺傚湪鍓嶏紝灏辨槸"澶уご鏂瑰紡"锛圔ig endian锛夛紝绗簩涓瓧鑺傚湪鍓嶅氨鏄�"灏忓ご鏂瑰紡"锛圠ittle endian锛夈��
閭ｄ箞寰堣嚜鐒剁殑锛屽氨浼氬嚭鐜颁竴涓棶棰橈細璁＄畻鏈烘�庝箞鐭ラ亾鏌愪竴涓枃浠跺埌搴曢噰鐢ㄥ摢涓�绉嶆柟寮忕紪鐮侊紵
Unicode瑙勮寖涓畾涔夛紝姣忎竴涓枃浠剁殑鏈�鍓嶉潰鍒嗗埆鍔犲叆涓�涓〃绀虹紪鐮侀『搴忕殑瀛楃锛岃繖涓瓧绗︾殑鍚嶅瓧鍙仛"闆跺搴﹂潪鎹㈣绌烘牸"锛圸ERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE锛夛紝鐢‵EFF琛ㄧず銆傝繖姝ｅソ鏄袱涓瓧鑺傦紝鑰屼笖FF姣擣E澶�1銆�
濡傛灉涓�涓枃鏈枃浠剁殑澶翠袱涓瓧鑺傛槸FE FF锛屽氨琛ㄧず璇ユ枃浠堕噰鐢ㄥぇ澶存柟寮忥紱濡傛灉澶翠袱涓瓧鑺傛槸FF FE锛屽氨琛ㄧず璇ユ枃浠堕噰鐢ㄥ皬澶存柟寮忋��
鏍规嵁瀛楄妭搴忕殑涓嶅悓锛孶TF-16鍙瀹炵幇涓篣TF-16LE鎴朥TF-16BE锛孶TF-32鍙瀹炵幇涓篣TF-32LE鎴朥TF-32BE銆備緥濡傦細
Unicode缂栫爜UTF-16LE銆�UTF-16BE銆�UTF32-LE銆�UTF32-BE
0x006C4949 6C6C 4949 6C 00 0000 00 6C 49
0x020C3030 DC 43 D8D8 43 DC 3030 0C 02 0000 02 0C 30
Unicode鏍囧噯寤鸿鐢˙OM锛圔yte Order Mark锛夋潵鍖哄垎瀛楄妭搴忥紝鍗冲湪浼犺緭瀛楄妭娴佸墠锛屽厛浼犺緭琚綔涓築OM鐨勫瓧绗︹�滈浂瀹芥棤涓柇绌烘牸鈥濄�傝繖涓瓧绗︾殑缂栫爜鏄疐EFF锛岃�屽弽杩囨潵鐨凢FFE锛圲TF-16锛夊拰FFFE0000锛圲TF-32锛夊湪Unicode涓兘鏄湭瀹氫箟鐨勭爜浣嶏紝涓嶅簲璇ュ嚭鐜板湪瀹為檯浼犺緭涓��
涓嬭〃鏄悇绉峌TF缂栫爜鐨凚OM锛�
UTF缂栫爜Byte Order Mark (BOM)
UTF-8 without BOM鏃�
UTF-8 with BOMEF BB BF
UTF-16LEFF FE
UTF-16BEFE FF
UTF-32LEFF FE 00 00
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