0:
本文的项目结构图,用户请求myweb,myweb通过eureka请求对应的服务提供者
1.Eureka服务注册中心
新建项目加入依赖:
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-parent
1.5.13.RELEASE
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-dependencies
Edgware.SR3
pom
import
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-devtools
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-configuration-processor
true
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-config-server
1.4.3.RELEASE
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server
1.4.4.RELEASE
启动类:
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class MyEurake {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MyEurake.class, args);
}
}
配置文件application.yml:
server:
port: 8761
eureka:
client:
register-with-eureka: false
fetch-registry: false
8761为默认端口,eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false,eureka.client.fetch-registry: false 则表示不需要把自己注册到服务端
接下来启动服务,访问localhost:8761,
如图则为Eureka页面,我们提供服务会注册到Eureka则会显示到这边;
2.服务提供者向Eureka注册服务
新建项目加入依赖:
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-parent
1.5.13.RELEASE
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-dependencies
Edgware.SR3
pom
import
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-devtools
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-configuration-processor
true
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-config-server
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-eureka
启动类:
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ProviderMain {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ProviderMain.class, args);
}
}
配置文件application.yml:
server:
port: 28080
spring:
application:
name: service-provider
eureka:
instance:
hostname: localhost
prefer-ip-address: true
instance-id: ${spring.cloud.client.ipAddress}:${server.port}
写个测试接口:
@RestController
public class TestController {
@GetMapping("/test")
public Map test(){
return new HashMap(){
{
put("test","success");
}
};
}
}
spring.application.name为注册的服务名,eureka.instance为注册的实例配置,配置完成后启动项目,再次刷新localhost:8761则发现多了个服务
关于actuator,可查看服务健康状态在hystrix中也需要使用到actuator
pom.xml加入:
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-actuator
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-security
配置文件:
management:
context-path: /admin
security:
basic:
path: /admin
user:
password: 123
name: abc
则表示管理页面的基础路径为/admin,security针对/admin的路径做认证处理,
访问localhost:28080/admin/health或localhost:28080/admin/health.json
访问localhost:28080/admin/beans
3.通过服务注册中心调用服务:
新建项目加入依赖:
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-parent
1.5.13.RELEASE
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-dependencies
Edgware.SR3
pom
import
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-devtools
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-configuration-processor
true
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-config-server
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-eureka
配置文件:
server:
port: 38080
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
register-with-eureka: false
主要是指定注册中心地址,然后自己不注册到中心
启动类:
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class MyWeb {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MyWeb.class,args);
}
}
Controller类调用服务:
@RestController
public class TestController {
@Autowired
private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;
@GetMapping("/test")
public Map test(){
List list = discoveryClient.getInstances("SERVICE-PROVIDER");
String serviceurl = list.get(0).getUri().toString();
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
Map object = restTemplate.getForObject(serviceurl + "/test", Map.class);
return object;
}
通过注入discoveryClient来调用服务,获取实例,获取url,拼接url,进行调用
4.使用feign进行服务调用,ribbon做负载均衡
复制项目serviceProvider到serviceProvider2,修改端口为28081,修改接口test返回值
在myweb项目中,修改pom.xml加入如下:
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-ribbon
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-feign
myweb启动类添加注解@EnableFeignClients
myweb项目新增接口类:TestProvider
@FeignClient(name = "SERVICE-PROVIDER")
public interface TestProvider {
@GetMapping("/test")
Map test();
}
Controller中修改使用testProvider进行调用
@Autowired
TestProvider testProvider;
@GetMapping("/test")
public Map test(){
return testProvider.test();
}
启动两个provider,查看注册中心
访问localhost:38080/test,两个服务提供方的访问结果交叉出现
修改ribbon的负载策略
ribbon默认的负载策略为轮询加载,可通过配置规则来修改负载策略
修改负载策略为随机:
myweb项目中新增类RibbonConfig
@Configuration
public class RibbonConfig {
@Bean
public IRule getRule(){
//默认 RoundRobinRule 可不配置
return new RandomRule();
}
}
重启myweb即可
5.hystrix服务降级以及dashboard服务监控
两个服务提供项目serviceProvider中修改pom.xml加入:
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-actuator
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-hystrix
启动类新增注解@EnableCircuitBreaker
接口类TestController的接口中添加注解 @HystrixCommand如:
@RestController
public class TestController {
@GetMapping("/test")
@HystrixCommand
public Map test(){
return new HashMap(){
{put("test","success");}
};
}
}
myweb中修改pom.xml
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-hystrix
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-hystrix-dashboard
启动类增加注解
@EnableCircuitBreaker
@EnableHystrix
@EnableHystrixDashboard
配置文件新增节点:feign.hystrix.enabled= true
新增类TestHystrix做降级处理:
@Component
public class TestHystrix implements FallbackFactory {
@Override
public TestProvider create(Throwable throwable) {
return new TestProvider() {
@Override
public Map test() {
Map map = new HashMap();
map.put("msg","server error");
return map;
}
};
}
}
修改TestProvider,添加降级处理:
@FeignClient(name = "SERVICE-PROVIDER",fallbackFactory = TestHystrix.class)
public interface TestProvider {
@GetMapping("/test")
Map test();
}
修改完成后,重启服务,当进行负载均衡的服务提供方突然停掉一台的时候(因为hystrix进行降级处理的默认失败率为50,当失败率为50时 即进行降级处理):
服务监控
当我们访问localhost:28080/admin/hystrix.stream时,如图:
如果没有请求,则会一直ping,监控的接口需要有注解@HystrixCommand
访问http://localhost:38080/hystrix如图:
在输入框中输入我们的http://localhost:28080/admin/hystrix.stream则可看到服务的相关信息