Python---类型注解

变量类型注解

语法:变量:类型

注释中进行类型注解

语法: type:类型

函数(方法)形参列表和返回值的类型注解

函数语法:         def func(形参名:类型,形参名:类型...):
                                pass

返回值语法:     def func(形参名:类型,形参名:类型...) -> 返回值类型:
                                pass

Union类型注解----多个类型时使用

Union类型
语法:Union[类型,类型...]
先导包:from typing import Union

变量类型注解例子:
# 变量类型注解

import json
import random
# 基础数据注解
var_1: int = 10
var2_2: str = "a"
var_3: bool = True


# 类对象注解
class Student:
    pass


stu: Student = Student()

# 容器注解
my_list: list = [1, 2, 3]
my_list1: list[int] = [1, 2, 3]
my_tuple: tuple = (1, 2, 3)
my_tuple1: tuple[str, int, bool] = ("a", 1, True)
my_set: set = {1, 2, 3}
my_set: set[int] = {1, 2, 3}
my_dict: dict = {"a": 1}
my_dict: dict[str, int] = {"a": 1}
my_str: str = "a"
注释中进行类型注解例子:
# 注释中进行类型注解
var_01 = random.randint(1, 20)  # type:int
var_02 = json.loads('{"name":"xiaoming"}')  # type:dict

def func():
    pass

var_03 = func()  # type:int
函数(方法)形参列表和返回值的类型注解例子:
def add(x: int, y: int):  # 函数进行类型注解
    return x + y


def add1(data: list) -> list:  # 返回值进行类型注解
    return data


add(1, 2)
add1([1, 2])
Union类型:
from typing import Union


my_list1: list[Union[str, int]] = [1, 2, "a", "b"]
my_dict1: dict[str, Union[str, int]] = {"a": 1, "b": "qq"}


def func(data: Union[int, str]) -> Union[int, str]:
    pass


func(1, "a")

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