鍒濊瘑decode锛堬級鍜宔ncode锛堬級

鍏抽敭璇嶏細decode锛堬級 聽 聽 聽encode锛堬級

缂栫爜鏍煎紡鐨勬紨鍙�

ASCII鐮�

鏄編鍥芥棭鏈熷埗瀹氱殑缂栫爜瑙勮寖锛屽彧鑳�琛ㄧず128涓瓧绗�锛屽寘鎷嫳鏂囧瓧绗︺�侀樋鎷変集鏁板瓧銆佽タ鏂囧瓧绗︿互鍙�32涓帶鍒跺瓧绗︺��

GB2312

GB2312灏辨槸鍦ˋSCII鍩虹涓婄殑绠�浣撴眽瀛�鎵╁睍銆�

GBK

GBK鏄GB2312鐨勮繘涓�姝ユ墿灞曪紙K鏄眽璇嫾闊砶uo zhan锛堟墿灞曪級涓�滄墿鈥濆瓧鐨勫０姣嶏級锛� 鏀跺綍浜�21886涓眽瀛楀拰绗﹀彿锛屽畬鍏ㄥ吋瀹笹B2312銆�

GB18030

GB18030鏀跺綍浜�70244涓眽瀛楀拰瀛楃锛屾洿鍔犲叏闈紝涓� GB 2312-1980 鍜� GBK 鍏煎銆偮�

GB18030鏀寔灏戞暟姘戞棌鐨勬眽瀛楋紝涔熷寘鍚簡绻佷綋姹夊瓧鍜屾棩闊╂眽瀛椼�偮�

Unicode

鍑嗙‘鏉ヨ锛孶nicode涓嶆槸缂栫爜鏍煎紡锛岃�屾槸瀛楃闆嗐�傝繖涓瓧绗﹂泦鍖呭惈浜嗕笘鐣屼笂鐩墠鎵�鏈夌殑绗﹀彿銆�

UTF锛圲CS Transfer Format锛夋槸鍦ㄤ簰鑱旂綉涓婁娇鐢ㄦ渶骞跨殑涓�绉峌nicode鐨勫疄鐜版柟寮忋�傛垜浠渶甯哥敤鐨勬槸UTF-8鍜孶TF-16銆�

decode 锛堬級鍜� encode锛堬級 鍖哄埆

涓轰粈涔堜細鎶ラ敊鈥淯nicodeEncodeError:'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 0-1: ordinal notin range(128)鈥濓紵鏈枃灏辨潵鐮旂┒涓�涓嬭繖涓棶棰樸��

瀛楃涓插湪Python鍐呴儴鐨勮〃绀烘槸unicode缂栫爜锛屽洜姝わ紝鍦ㄥ仛缂栫爜杞崲鏃讹紝閫氬父闇�瑕佷互unicode浣滀负涓棿缂栫爜锛屽嵆鍏堝皢鍏朵粬缂栫爜鐨勫瓧绗︿覆瑙ｇ爜锛坉ecode锛夋垚unicode锛屽啀浠巙nicode缂栫爜锛坋ncode锛夋垚鍙︿竴绉嶇紪鐮併��

decode鐨勪綔鐢ㄦ槸灏嗗叾浠栫紪鐮佺殑瀛楃涓茶浆鎹㈡垚unicode缂栫爜锛屽str1.decode('gb2312')锛岃〃绀哄皢gb2312缂栫爜鐨勫瓧绗︿覆str1杞崲鎴恥nicode缂栫爜銆�

encode鐨勪綔鐢ㄦ槸灏唘nicode缂栫爜杞崲鎴愬叾浠栫紪鐮佺殑瀛楃涓诧紝濡俿tr2.encode('gb2312')锛岃〃绀哄皢unicode缂栫爜鐨勫瓧绗︿覆str2杞崲鎴恎b2312缂栫爜銆�

鍥犳锛岃浆鐮佺殑鏃跺�欎竴瀹氳鍏堟悶鏄庣櫧锛屽瓧绗︿覆str鏄粈涔堢紪鐮侊紝鐒跺悗decode鎴恥nicode锛岀劧鍚庡啀encode鎴愬叾浠栫紪鐮�

浠ｇ爜涓瓧绗︿覆鐨勯粯璁ょ紪鐮佷笌浠ｇ爜鏂囦欢鏈韩鐨勭紪鐮佷竴鑷淬��

濡傦細s='涓枃'

濡傛灉鏄湪utf8鐨勬枃浠朵腑锛岃瀛楃涓插氨鏄痷tf8缂栫爜锛屽鏋滄槸鍦╣b2312鐨勬枃浠朵腑锛屽垯鍏剁紪鐮佷负gb2312銆傝繖绉嶆儏鍐典笅锛岃杩涜缂栫爜杞崲锛岄兘闇�瑕佸厛鐢╠ecode鏂规硶灏嗗叾杞崲鎴恥nicode缂栫爜锛屽啀浣跨敤encode鏂规硶灏嗗叾杞崲鎴愬叾浠栫紪鐮併�傞�氬父锛屽湪娌℃湁鎸囧畾鐗瑰畾鐨勭紪鐮佹柟寮忔椂锛岄兘鏄娇鐢ㄧ殑绯荤粺榛樿缂栫爜鍒涘缓鐨勪唬鐮佹枃浠躲��

濡傛灉瀛楃涓叉槸杩欐牱瀹氫箟锛歴=u'涓枃'

鍒欒瀛楃涓茬殑缂栫爜灏辫鎸囧畾涓簎nicode浜嗭紝鍗硃ython鐨勫唴閮ㄧ紪鐮侊紝鑰屼笌浠ｇ爜鏂囦欢鏈韩鐨勭紪鐮佹棤鍏炽�傚洜姝わ紝瀵逛簬杩欑鎯呭喌鍋氱紪鐮佽浆鎹紝鍙渶瑕佺洿鎺ヤ娇鐢╡ncode鏂规硶灏嗗叾杞崲鎴愭寚瀹氱紪鐮佸嵆鍙��

濡傛灉涓�涓瓧绗︿覆宸茬粡鏄痷nicode浜嗭紝鍐嶈繘琛岃В鐮佸垯灏嗗嚭閿欙紝鍥犳閫氬父瑕佸鍏剁紪鐮佹柟寮忔槸鍚︿负unicode杩涜鍒ゆ柇锛�

isinstance(s,unicode)#鐢ㄦ潵鍒ゆ柇鏄惁涓簎nicode

鐢ㄩ潪unicode缂栫爜褰㈠紡鐨剆tr鏉ncode浼氭姤閿�

濡備綍鑾峰緱绯荤粺鐨勯粯璁ょ紪鐮侊紵

#!/usr/bin/env python

#coding=utf-8

import sys

printsys.getdefaultencoding()

璇ユ绋嬪簭鍦ㄨ嫳鏂嘩indowsXP涓婅緭鍑轰负锛歛scii

璇ユ绋嬪簭鍦ㄨ嫳鏂嘩indows7涓婅緭鍑轰负锛歮bcs

鍦ㄦ煇浜汭DE涓紝瀛楃涓茬殑杈撳嚭鎬绘槸鍑虹幇涔辩爜锛岀敋鑷抽敊璇紝鍏跺疄鏄敱浜嶪DE鐨勭粨鏋滆緭鍑烘帶鍒跺彴鑷韩涓嶈兘鏄剧ず瀛楃涓茬殑缂栫爜锛岃�屼笉鏄▼搴忔湰韬殑闂銆�

濡傚湪UliPad涓繍琛屽涓嬩唬鐮侊細

s=u"涓枃"

print s

浼氭彁绀猴細UnicodeEncodeError:'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 0-1: ordinal notinrange(128)銆傝繖鏄洜涓篣liPad鍦ㄨ嫳鏂嘩indowsXP涓婄殑鎺у埗鍙颁俊鎭緭鍑虹獥鍙ｆ槸鎸夌収ascii缂栫爜杈撳嚭鐨勶紙鑻辨枃绯荤粺鐨勯粯璁ょ紪鐮佹槸ascii锛夛紝鑰屼笂闈唬鐮佷腑鐨勫瓧绗︿覆鏄疷nicode缂栫爜鐨勶紝鎵�浠ヨ緭鍑烘椂浜х敓浜嗛敊璇��

灏嗘渶鍚庝竴鍙ユ敼涓猴細prints.encode('gb2312')

鍒欒兘姝ｇ‘杈撳嚭鈥滀腑鏂団�濅袱涓瓧銆�

鑻ユ渶鍚庝竴鍙ユ敼涓猴細prints.encode('utf8')

鍒欒緭鍑猴細\xe4\xb8\xad\xe6\x96\x87锛岃繖鏄帶鍒跺彴淇℃伅杈撳嚭绐楀彛鎸夌収ascii缂栫爜杈撳嚭utf8缂栫爜鐨勫瓧绗︿覆鐨勭粨鏋溿��

unicode(str,'gb2312')涓巗tr.decode('gb2312')鏄竴鏍风殑锛岄兘鏄皢gb2312缂栫爜鐨剆tr杞负unicode缂栫爜

浣跨敤str.__class__鍙互鏌ョ湅str鐨勭紪鐮佸舰寮�

>>>>>

groups.google.com/group/python-cn/browse_thread/thread/be4e4e0d4c3272dd

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python鏄釜瀹规槗鍑虹幇缂栫爜闂鐨勮瑷�銆傛墍浠ワ紝鎴戞寜鐓ф垜鐨勭悊瑙ｅ啓涓嬩笅闈㈣繖浜涙枃瀛椼��

=棣栧厛锛岃浜嗚В鍑犱釜姒傚康銆�=

*瀛楄妭锛氳绠楁満鏁版嵁鐨勮〃绀恒��8浣嶄簩杩涘埗銆傚彲浠ヨ〃绀烘棤绗﹀彿鏁存暟锛�0-255銆備笅鏂囷紝鐢ㄢ�滃瓧鑺傛祦鈥濊〃绀衡�滃瓧鑺傗�濈粍鎴愮殑涓层��

*瀛楃锛氳嫳鏂囧瓧绗︹�渁bc鈥濓紝鎴栬�呬腑鏂囧瓧绗︹�滀綘鎴戜粬鈥濄�傚瓧绗︽湰韬笉鐭ラ亾濡備綍鍦ㄨ绠楁満涓繚瀛樸�備笅鏂囦腑锛屼細閬垮厤浣跨敤鈥滃瓧绗︿覆鈥濊繖涓瘝锛岃�岀敤鈥滄枃鏈�濇潵琛�

绀衡�滃瓧绗︹�濈粍鎴愮殑涓层��

*缂栫爜锛堝姩璇嶏級锛氭寜鐓ф煇绉嶈鍒欙紙杩欎釜瑙勫垯绉颁负锛氱紪鐮侊紙鍚嶈瘝锛夛級灏嗏�滄枃鏈�濊浆鎹负鈥滃瓧鑺傛祦鈥濄�傦紙鍦╬ython涓細unicode鍙樻垚str锛�

*瑙ｇ爜锛堝姩璇嶏級锛氬皢鈥滃瓧鑺傛祦鈥濇寜鐓ф煇绉嶈鍒欒浆鎹㈡垚鈥滄枃鏈�濄�傦紙鍦╬ython涓細str鍙樻垚unicode锛�

**瀹為檯涓婏紝浠讳綍涓滆タ鍦ㄨ绠楁満涓〃绀猴紝閮介渶瑕佺紪鐮併�備緥濡傦紝瑙嗛瑕佺紪鐮佺劧鍚庝繚瀛樺湪鏂囦欢涓紝鎾斁鐨勬椂鍊欓渶瑕佽В鐮佹墠鑳借鐪嬨��

unicode锛歶nicode瀹氫箟浜嗭紝涓�涓�滃瓧绗︹�濆拰涓�涓�滄暟瀛椻�濈殑瀵瑰簲锛屼絾鏄苟娌℃湁瑙勫畾杩欎釜鈥滄暟瀛椻�濆湪璁＄畻鏈轰腑鎬庝箞淇濆瓨銆傦紙灏卞儚鍦–涓紝涓�涓暣鏁版棦

鍙互鏄痠nt锛屼篃鍙互鏄痵hort銆倁nicode娌℃湁瑙勫畾鐢╥nt杩樻槸鐢╯hort鏉ヨ〃绀轰竴涓�滃瓧绗︹�濓級

utf8锛歶nicode瀹炵幇銆傚畠浣跨敤unicode瀹氫箟鐨勨�滃瓧绗︹�濃�滄暟瀛椻�濇槧灏勶紝杩涜�岃瀹氫簡锛屽浣曞湪璁＄畻鏈轰腑淇濆瓨杩欎釜鏁板瓧銆傚叾瀹冪殑utf16绛夐兘鏄�

unicode瀹炵幇銆�

gbk锛氱被浼紆tf8杩欐牱鐨勨�滅紪鐮佲�濄�備絾鏄畠娌℃湁浣跨敤unicode瀹氫箟鐨勨�滃瓧绗︹�濃�滄暟瀛椻�濇槧灏勶紝鑰屾槸浣跨敤浜嗗彟涓�濂楃殑鏄犲皠鏂规硶銆傝�屼笖锛屽畠杩樺畾涔変簡濡備綍鍦�

璁＄畻鏈轰腑淇濆瓨銆�

=python涓殑encode锛宒ecode鏂规硶=

棣栧厛锛岃鐭ラ亾encode鏄� unicode杞崲鎴恠tr銆俤ecode鏄痵tr杞崲鎴恥nicode銆�

涓嬫枃涓紝u浠ｈ〃unicode绫诲瀷鐨勫彉閲忥紝s浠ｈ〃str绫诲瀷鐨勫彉閲忋��

u.encode('...')鍩烘湰涓婃�绘槸鑳芥垚鍔熺殑锛屽彧瑕佷綘濉啓浜嗘纭殑缂栫爜銆傚氨鍍忎换浣曟枃浠堕兘鍙互鍘嬬缉鎴恴ip鏂囦欢銆�

s.decode('...')缁忓父鏄細鍑洪敊鐨勶紝鍥犱负str鏄粈涔堚�滅紪鐮佲�濆彇鍐充簬涓婁笅鏂囷紝褰撲綘瑙ｇ爜鐨勬椂鍊欓渶瑕佺‘淇漵鏄敤浠�涔堢紪鐮佺殑銆傚氨鍍忥紝鎵撳紑zip鏂�

浠剁殑鏃跺�欙紝浣犺纭繚瀹冪‘瀹炴槸zip鏂囦欢锛岃�屼笉浠呬粎鏄吉閫犱簡鎵╁睍鍚嶇殑zip鏂囦欢銆�

u.decode(),s.encode()涓嶅缓璁娇鐢紝s.encode鐩稿綋浜巗.decode().encode()棣栧厛鐢ㄩ粯璁ょ紪鐮侊紙涓�鑸槸

ascii锛夎浆鎹㈡垚unicode鍦ㄨ繘琛宔ncode銆�

=鍏充簬#coding=utf8=

褰撲綘鍦╬y鏂囦欢鐨勭涓�琛屼腑锛屽啓浜嗚繖鍙ヨ瘽锛屽苟纭疄鎸夌収杩欎釜缂栫爜淇濆瓨浜嗘枃鏈殑璇濓紝閭ｄ箞杩欏彞璇濇湁浠ヤ笅鍑犱釜鍔熻兘銆�

1.浣垮緱璇嶆硶鍒嗘瀽鍣ㄨ兘姝ｅ父杩愪綔锛屽浜庢敞閲婁腑鐨勪腑鏂囦笉鎶ラ敊浜嗐��

2.瀵逛簬u"涓枃"杩欐牱literal string鑳界煡閬撲袱涓紩鍙蜂腑鐨勫唴瀹规槸utf8缂栫爜鐨勶紝鐒跺悗鑳芥纭浆鎹㈡垚unicode

3."涓枃"瀵逛簬杩欐牱鐨刲iteralstring浣犱細鐭ラ亾锛岃繖涓棿鐨勫唴瀹规槸utf8缂栫爜锛岀劧鍚庡氨鍙互姝ｇ‘杞崲鎴愬叾瀹冪紪鐮佹垨unicode浜嗐��

娌℃湁鍐欏畬锛屽厛鐮侀偅涔堝瀛楋紝浠ュ悗鍐嶆潵琛ュ厖锛岃繖閲屼笉鏄痺iki锛屽お楹荤儲浜嗐��

>>>>>

>>>>>

=Python缂栫爜鍜學indows鎺у埗鍙�=

鎴戝彂鐜帮紝寰堝鍒濆鑰呭嚭閿欑殑鍦版柟閮藉湪print璇彞锛岃繖鐗垫秹鍒版帶鍒跺彴鐨勮緭鍑恒�傛垜涓嶄簡瑙inux锛屾墍浠ュ彧璇存帶鍒跺彴鐨勩��

棣栧厛锛學indows鐨勬帶鍒跺彴纭疄鏄痷nicode锛坲tf16_le缂栫爜锛夌殑锛屾垨鑰呮洿鍑嗙‘鐨勮浣跨敤瀛楃涓哄崟浣嶈緭鍑烘枃鏈殑銆�

浣嗘槸锛岀▼搴忕殑鎵ц鏄彲浠ヨ閲嶅畾鍚戝埌鏂囦欢鐨勶紝鑰屾枃浠剁殑鍗曚綅鏄�滃瓧鑺傗�濄��

鎵�浠ワ紝瀵逛簬C杩愯鏃剁殑鍑芥暟printf涔嬬被鐨勶紝杈撳嚭蹇呴』鏈変竴涓紪鐮侊紝鎶婃枃鏈浆鎹㈡垚瀛楄妭銆傚彲鑳芥槸涓轰簡鍏煎95锛�98锛�

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鍙傝�冿細

https://blog.csdn.net/m0_38080253/article/details/78841280

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40134903/article/details/80710882