SpringMVC之框架搭建&开发实例&请求的处理流程

什么是springmvc

Spring Web MVC是一种基于Java的实现了MVC设计模式的、请求驱动类型的、轻量级Web框架。

项目中加入springmvc支持

导入依赖
<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>

    <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
    <jcl-over-slf4j.version>1.7.7</jcl-over-slf4j.version>
    <log4j2.version>2.9.1</log4j2.version>
    <log4j2.disruptor.version>3.2.0</log4j2.disruptor.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.18</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.18</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.18</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.18</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.18</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.18</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>2.0.6</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 连接池 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
      <version>2.1.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
      <version>2.4.3</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.5.6</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.belerweb</groupId>
      <artifactId>pinyin4j</artifactId>
      <version>2.5.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <version>1.18.22</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!--日志 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.36</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
      <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.10</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.44</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
      <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
      <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.3</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
      <version>6.0.7.Final</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.14.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.14.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>2.14.2</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>
springMVC配置文件

将课件中的spring-mvc.xml放入WEB-INF目录下,详细信息见配置文件中的注释。

注:关于注解扫描的优化:
在使用spring+springmvc时会存在两个上下文,一个父上下文spring上下文,一个子上下文springmvc上下文,springmvc上下文可以访问父上下文(即spring上下文),但spring上下文不能访问到子上下文(即springmvc上下文)。
SpringMVC之框架搭建&开发实例&请求的处理流程_第1张图片

web.xml配置

将随课件提供的web.xml放入WEB-INF目录,替换原来的配置文件。需要理解配置文件的各个部分的作用。

中文编码处理

将随课件提供的EncodingFiter.java,将入项目并在web.xml中配置,以便于处理中文编码。

写一个简单的Controller

package com.zking.mvcdemo.controller;

import com.sun.org.apache.xpath.internal.operations.Mod;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.jws.WebParam;

@Controller
public class HelloController {
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello(String name, Model model){
        model.addAttribute("name",name);
        return "hello";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/welcome")
    public String welcome(String name,Model model){
        model.addAttribute("name",name);
        return "redirect:/hello";
    }
}

注: 示例中用到的注解:
@Controller:该注解在springmvc中用于标记一个控制器,类似的注解还有@RestController,不同的是@RestController专门用于标记一个rest风格的接口,相当于@ResponseBody + @Controller合在一起的作用。
@RequestMapping:该用于标记请求路径,在有些参考资料中也称之为服务端点。该注释可以用在方法上也可以用在类上。

SpringMVC处理请求的流程

主要组件
1 首先用户发送请求–>DispatherServlet
2 DispatcherServlet–>HandlerMapping
3 DispatcherServlet–>HandlerAdapter
4 HandlerAdapter–>处理器功能处理方法的调用
5 ModelAndView的逻辑视图名–>ViewRecolver
6 View–>渲染
7 返回控制权给DispatcherServlet,由DispatcherServlet返回呼应给用户,流程结束
SpringMVC之框架搭建&开发实例&请求的处理流程_第2张图片

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