JavaWeb入门到入土_Day06
Javaweb
- 16. 文件传输原理及介绍
- 17. 文件上传原理
- 18. 邮件传输原理及实现
- 19. 网站注册发送邮件实现
16. 文件传输原理及介绍
17. 文件上传原理
导包
commons-fileupload-1.4.jar
commons-io-2.11.0.jar
index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>$Title$title>
head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload.do" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
上传用户：<input type="text" name="username"><br/>
<p><input type="file" name="file1">p>
<p><input type="file" name="file2">p>
<p><input type="submit"> | <input type="reset">p>
form>
body>
html>
web.xml
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>FileServletservlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.wang.servlet.FileServletservlet-class>
servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>FileServletservlet-name>
<url-pattern>/upload.dourl-pattern>
servlet-mapping>
web-app>
FileServlet.java
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.ProgressListener;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 判断上传的表单是普通form表单还是文件form表单
if (!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request)) {
// 终止方法运行，说明这是一个普通的表单，直接返回
return;
}
// 创建上传文件的保存路径，建议在WEB-INF路径下，安全，用户无法直接访问上传的文件
String uploadPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
File uploadFile = new File(uploadPath);
if (!uploadFile.exists()) { // 若路径不存在就创建路径
uploadFile.mkdir();
}
// 临时路径存放临时文件，假如文件超过了预期的大小，就将其放到一个临时文件中，过几天自动删除，或者提醒用户转存为永久
String tempPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/temp");
File tempFile = new File(tempPath);
if (!tempFile.exists()) { // 若路径不存在就创建路径
tempFile.mkdir();
}
// 处理上传的文件，一般都需要通过流来获取，我们可以使用request.getInputStream()获取原生态的文件上传流，十分麻烦
// 建议使用Apache的文件上传组件来实现，common-fileupload，它需要依赖于commons-io组件
// 1.创建DiskFileItemFactory对象，处理文件路径上传或者大小限制
DiskFileItemFactory factory = createDiskFileItemFactory(tempFile);
// 2.获取ServletFileUpload
ServletFileUpload upload = creatServletFileUpload(factory);
// 3.处理上传的文件
String msg = uploadFile(request, uploadPath, upload);
// 转发
request.setAttribute("msg", msg);
request.getRequestDispatcher("/info.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
private String uploadFile(HttpServletRequest request, String uploadPath, ServletFileUpload upload) throws IOException {
String msg = "";
// 把前端请求解析，封装成一个FileItem对象，需要从ServletFileUpload对象中获取
try {
List<FileItem> fileItems = upload.parseRequest(request);
for (FileItem fileItem : fileItems) {
if (fileItem.isFormField()) { // 判断是否为普通表单：是true否false
String fieldName = fileItem.getFieldName();
// 处理乱码
String value = fileItem.getString("UTF-8");
System.out.println(fieldName + ":" + value);
} else { // 文件表单
// ===========处理文件============
String uploadFileName = fileItem.getName();
System.out.println("uploadFileName:" + uploadFileName);
// 可能存在文件名不合法的情况
if (uploadFileName == null || "".equals(uploadFileName.trim())) {
continue;
}
// 获取上传的文件名
String fileName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
// 获取文件的后缀名
String fileExtName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
// 如果文件后缀名fileExtName不是我们所需要的，就直接return，不处理，告诉用户文件类型不对
// 可以使用UUID（统一识别的通用码），保证文件名唯一
// UUID.randomUUID() 随机生一个唯一识别的通用码
// 网络中传输的东西，都需要序列化
// implements java.io.Serializable 标记接口 本地方法栈-->C++
String uuidPath = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
// ===========存放地址============
String realPath = uploadPath + "/" + uuidPath;
File realPathFile = new File(realPath);
if (!realPathFile.exists()) {
realPathFile.mkdir();
}
//===========文件传输============
InputStream inputStream = fileItem.getInputStream();
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(realPath + "/" + fileName);
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024];
int len = 0;
while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) {
fos.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
fos.close();
inputStream.close();
msg = "上传成功~";
}
}
} catch (FileUploadException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
msg = "上传失败~";
}
return msg;
}
private ServletFileUpload creatServletFileUpload(DiskFileItemFactory factory) {
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
// 监听文件上传进度
upload.setProgressListener(new ProgressListener() {
/**
* @param pBytesRead 已经读取到的文件大小
* @param pContentLength 文件总大小
* @param pItems
*/
@Override
public void update(long pBytesRead, long pContentLength, int pItems) {
System.out.println("总大小：" + pContentLength + "已经上传：" + pBytesRead);
}
});
// 处理乱码问题
upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");
// 设置单个文件的最大值
upload.setFileSizeMax(1024 * 1024 * 10);
// 设置总共能够上传文件的大小 1024 = 1kb * 1024 = 1M * 10 = 10M
upload.setSizeMax(1024 * 1024 * 10);
return upload;
}
private DiskFileItemFactory createDiskFileItemFactory(File tempFile) {
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
//通过这个工厂设置一个缓冲区，当上传的文件大于这个缓冲区的时候，将其放到临时文件中
factory.setSizeThreshold(1024 * 1024); // 缓冲区大小为1M
factory.setRepository(tempFile); // 临时目录的保存目录
return factory;
}
}
18. 邮件传输原理及实现
导包
activation-1.1.1.jar
mail-1.4.7.jar
MailDemo01.java
import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.util.Properties;
public class MailDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.qq.com"); // 设置QQ邮件服务器
properties.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp"); // 邮件发送协议
properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); // 需要验证用户名密码
// QQ邮箱还需要设置SSL加密，加上以下代码即可
MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);
// 使用javaMail发送邮件的5个步骤
// 1.创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的Session对象
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
//发件人邮件用户名、授权码
return new PasswordAuthentication("[email protected]", "授权码");
}
});
// --开启debug模式，这样就可以查看到程序发送email的运行状态
session.setDebug(true);
// 2.通过session得到transport对象
Transport ts = session.getTransport();
// 3.使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
ts.connect("smtp.qq.com", "[email protected]", "授权码");
// 4.创建邮件
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
// --邮件的发件人
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("[email protected]"));
// --邮件的收件人
message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress("[email protected]"));
// --邮件的标题
message.setSubject("hello");
// --邮件的文本内容
message.setContent("你好啊
", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 5.发送邮件
ts.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
// 6.关闭连接
ts.close();
}
}
MailDemo02.java
import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import java.util.Properties;
public class MailDemo02 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.qq.com"); // 设置QQ邮件服务器
properties.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp"); // 邮件发送协议
properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); // 需要验证用户名密码
// QQ邮箱需要设置SSL加密，加上以下代码即可
MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);
// 使用javaMail发送邮件的5个步骤
// 1.创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的Session对象
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
// 发件人邮件用户名、授权码
return new PasswordAuthentication("[email protected]", "授权码");
}
});
// --开启debug模式，这样就可以查看到程序发送email的运行状态
session.setDebug(true);
// 2.通过session得到transport对象
Transport ts = session.getTransport();
// 3.使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
ts.connect("smtp.qq.com", "[email protected]", "授权码");
// 4.创建邮件
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
// --邮件的发件人
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("[email protected]"));
// --邮件的收件人
message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress("[email protected]"));
// --邮件的标题
message.setSubject("hello");
// ======================准备邮件数据=======================
// 图片数据
MimeBodyPart image = new MimeBodyPart();
// 图片需要数据处理 DataHandler
DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("src/resources/bz.jpg"));
image.setDataHandler(dh); // 在Body中放入处理的图片数据
image.setContentID("bz.jpg"); // 给图片设置一个id
// 文本数据
MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();
text.setContent("这是一封邮件带图片
的邮件", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 描述数据关系
MimeMultipart mm = new MimeMultipart();
mm.addBodyPart(text);
mm.addBodyPart(image);
/**
* 仅文本为alternative；
* 文本+图片为related；
* 文本+图片+文件为mixed
*/
mm.setSubType("related");
// 放到消息中，保存修改
message.setContent(mm); // 最后编辑好的邮件放到消息当中
message.saveChanges(); // 保存修改
// ========================================================
// 5.发送邮件
ts.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
// 6.关闭连接
ts.close();
}
}
19. 网站注册发送邮件实现
pom.xml
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servletgroupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-apiartifactId>
<version>4.0.1version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.mailgroupId>
<artifactId>mailartifactId>
<version>1.4.7version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.activationgroupId>
<artifactId>activationartifactId>
<version>1.1.1version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
<artifactId>lombokartifactId>
<version>1.16.10version>
dependency>
dependencies>
index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>注册title>
head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/registerServlet.do" method="post">
用户名：<input type="text" name="userName"/><br/>
密码：<input type="password" name="password"/><br/>
邮箱：<input type="text" name="email"/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="注册"/>
form>
body>
html>
info.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Titletitle>
head>
<body>
${message}
body>
html>
web.xml
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>registerServletservlet-name>
<url-pattern>/registerServlet.dourl-pattern>
servlet-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>registerServletservlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.wang.servlet.RegisterServletservlet-class>
servlet>
web-app>
User.java
import java.io.Serializable;
import lombok.*;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User implements Serializable {
private String userName;
private String password;
private String email;
}
RegisterServlet.java
import com.wang.pojo.User;
import com.wang.util.SendMail;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 接受用户请求，封装成对象
String userName = request.getParameter("userName");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
String email = request.getParameter("email");
User user = new User(userName, password, email);
SendMail sendMail = new SendMail(user);
// start方法启动线程，之后线程会执行run方法来发送邮件；
// 直接执行run方法会导致用户在网站页面等候邮件发送完毕，响应速度不符合常理
sendMail.start();
request.setAttribute("message", "注册邮件发送成功");
request.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {}
}
SendMail.java
import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;
import com.wang.pojo.User;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.util.Properties;
public class SendMail extends Thread {
private String from = "[email protected]";
private String userName = "[email protected]";
private String password = "授权码";
private String host = "smtp.qq.com";
private User user;
public SendMail(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.qq.com"); // 设置QQ邮件服务器
properties.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp"); // 邮件发送协议
properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); // 需要验证用户名密码
// QQ邮箱需要设置SSL加密，加上以下以下代码即可
MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);
// 使用javaMail发送邮件的5个步骤
// 1.创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的Session对象
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
// 发件人邮件用户名、授权码
return new PasswordAuthentication(from, password);
}
});
// --开启debug模式，这样就可以查看到程序发送email的运行状态
session.setDebug(true);
// 2.通过session得到transport对象
Transport ts = session.getTransport();
// 3.使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
ts.connect(host, from, password);
// 4.创建邮件
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
// --邮件的发件人
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(userName));
// --邮件的收件人
message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(userName));
// --邮件的标题
message.setSubject("用户注册邮件");
// --邮件的文本内容
String info = "恭喜您注册成功，您的用户名：" + user.getUsername() + "您的密码：" + user.getPassword() + "， 请妥善保管，如有问题请联系网站客服！！！"
message.setContent(info, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
message.saveChages();
// 5.发送邮件
ts.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
// 6.关闭连接
ts.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace(e);
}
}
}
注意：spring框架可以用JavaMailSenderImpl实现