数据结构与算法-栈和队列小练习

这里给大家分享一道栈的练习和一道队列的练习！

1.练习一

利用栈的基本操作实现将任何一个十进制整数转化为R进制整数。

1.1栈的初始化

Sqstack::Sqstack()
{
	base = top = new SElemType[InitStacksize];
	stacksize = InitStacksize;
}

1.2入栈操作

void Sqstack::push(SElemType e)
{
	if (top - base == stacksize)
	{
		SElemType* base1 = new SElemType[stacksize + increment];
		int i = 0;
		for (i = 0; i < InitStacksize; i++)
		{
			base1[i] = base[i];
		}
		delete[]base;
		base = base1;
		top = base + stacksize;
		stacksize += increment;
	}
	*top++ = e;
}

1.3出栈操作

SElemType Sqstack::pop()
{
	if (base == top)
		throw runtime_error("栈为空！");
	return *(--top);
}
bool Sqstack::isEmpty()
{
	if (base == top)
		return 1;
	else
		return 0;
}

1.4销毁栈

~Sqstack()
	{
		delete[]base;
		stacksize = 0;
	}

1.5进制转换函数

void Sqstack::conversion()
{
	long int n = 0;
	cout << "请输入十进制数：";
	cin >> n;
	SElemType b = 0;
	cout << "请输入要转换的进制：";
	cin >> b;
	Sqstack s;
	SElemType e;
	char a = 'A';
	while (n)
	{
		e = n % b;
		s.push(e);
		n /= b;
	}
	while (!s.isEmpty())
	{
		e = s.pop();
		if (e >= 10)
		{
			a = 'A';
			a = a + e - 10;
			cout << a;
		}
		else
		{
			cout << e;
		}
	}
	cout << endl;
}

1.6判空函数

bool Sqstack::isEmpty()
{
	if (base == top)
		return 1;
	else
		return 0;
}

1.7全部代码

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include 
using namespace std;
#define InitStacksize 100
#define increment 10
//利用栈的基本操作实现将任何一个十进制整数转化为R进制整数
typedef int SElemType;
class Sqstack
{
private:
	SElemType* base;//栈底指针
	SElemType* top;//栈顶指针
	int stacksize;//栈容量
public:
	Sqstack();
	~Sqstack()
	{
		delete[]base;
		stacksize = 0;
	}
	void push(SElemType e);
	SElemType pop();
	void conversion();
	bool isEmpty();
};
Sqstack::Sqstack()
{
	base = top = new SElemType[InitStacksize];
	stacksize = InitStacksize;
}
void Sqstack::push(SElemType e)
{
	if (top - base == stacksize)
	{
		SElemType* base1 = new SElemType[stacksize + increment];
		int i = 0;
		for (i = 0; i < InitStacksize; i++)
		{
			base1[i] = base[i];
		}
		delete[]base;
		base = base1;
		top = base + stacksize;
		stacksize += increment;
	}
	*top++ = e;
}
SElemType Sqstack::pop()
{
	if (base == top)
		throw runtime_error("栈为空！");
	return *(--top);
}
bool Sqstack::isEmpty()
{
	if (base == top)
		return 1;
	else
		return 0;
}
void Sqstack::conversion()
{
	long int n = 0;
	cout << "请输入十进制数：";
	cin >> n;
	SElemType b = 0;
	cout << "请输入要转换的进制：";
	cin >> b;
	Sqstack s;
	SElemType e;
	char a = 'A';
	while (n)
	{
		e = n % b;
		s.push(e);
		n /= b;
	}
	while (!s.isEmpty())
	{
		e = s.pop();
		if (e >= 10)
		{
			a = 'A';
			a = a + e - 10;
			cout << a;
		}
		else
		{
			cout << e;
		}
	}
	cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
	Sqstack a;
	a.conversion();
	return 0;
}

✅运行示例：

2.练习二

利用循环队列实现.约瑟夫环问题：已知n个人（以编号1，2，3…n分别表示）围坐在一张圆桌周围。
从编号为k的人开始报数，数到k的那个人出圈；他的下一个人又从1开始报数，数到k的那个人出圈；
依此规律重复下去，直到圆桌周围的人只剩最后一个。模拟该游戏，并输出出圈顺序。

2.1循环队列初始化

SqQueue::SqQueue()
{
	base = new QElemType[QueueSize];
	front = rear = 0;
}

2.2队列销毁

~SqQueue()
	{
		delete[]base;
		front = rear = 0;
	}

2.3入队操作

void SqQueue::EnQueueu(QElemType e)
{
	if (front == (rear + 1) % QueueSize)
		return;
	else
	{
		base[rear] = e;
		rear = (rear + 1) % QueueSize;
	}
}

2.4出队操作

void SqQueue::DeQueue()
{
	QElemType e;
	if (rear == front)
		return;
	else
	{
		e = base[front];
		front = (front + 1) % QueueSize;
	}
}

2.5队列判空

QElemType SqQueue::IsEmpty()
{
	if (front == rear)
		return 1;
	else
		return 0;
}

2.6队列长度

QElemType SqQueue::length()
{
	return (rear - front + QueueSize) % QueueSize;
}

2.7获取队头元素

QElemType SqQueue::GetHead()
{
	if (front == rear)
		return 0;
	else
		return base[front];
}

2.8约瑟夫环函数

void SqQueue::yuesefu()
{
	int n = 0, k = 0;
	cout << "输入人数: ";
	cin >> n;
	cout << "输入第几个人出局：";
	cin >> k;
	SqQueue S;
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
	{
		S.EnQueueu(i);
	}
	for (i = 1; i < k; i++)
	{
		QElemType temp = S.base[S.front];
		S.DeQueue();
		S.EnQueueu(temp);
	}
	int count = 1;
	while (!S.IsEmpty())
	{
		if (count < k)
		{
			QElemType temp = S.base[S.front];
			S.DeQueue();
			S.EnQueueu(temp);
			count++;
		}
		if (count == k)
		{
			cout << S.GetHead() << " ";
			S.DeQueue();
			count = 1;
		}
	}
	cout << endl;
}

2.9全部代码

/*利用循环队列实现.约瑟夫环问题：已知n个人（以编号1，2，3…n分别表示）围坐在一张圆桌周围。
从编号为k的人开始报数，数到k的那个人出圈；他的下一个人又从1开始报数，数到k的那个人出圈；
依此规律重复下去，直到圆桌周围的人只剩最后一个。模拟该游戏，并输出出圈顺序。*/
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#define QueueSize 100
#include 
using namespace std;
typedef int QElemType;
class SqQueue
{
private:
	QElemType* base;
	int front;
	int rear;
public:
	SqQueue();
	~SqQueue()
	{
		delete[]base;
		front = rear = 0;
	}
	void EnQueueu(QElemType e);
	void DeQueue();
	QElemType IsEmpty();
	void yuesefu();
	QElemType GetHead();
};
SqQueue::SqQueue()
{
	base = new QElemType[QueueSize];
	front = rear = 0;
}
void SqQueue::EnQueueu(QElemType e)
{
	if (front == (rear + 1) % QueueSize)
		return;
	else
	{
		base[rear] = e;
		rear = (rear + 1) % QueueSize;
	}
}
void SqQueue::DeQueue()
{
	QElemType e;
	if (rear == front)
		return;
	else
	{
		e = base[front];
		front = (front + 1) % QueueSize;
	}
}
QElemType SqQueue::IsEmpty()
{
	if (front == rear)
		return 1;
	else
		return 0;
}
QElemType SqQueue::GetHead()
{
	if (front == rear)
		return 0;
	else
		return base[front];
}
void SqQueue::yuesefu()
{
	int n = 0, k = 0;
	cout << "输入人数: ";
	cin >> n;
	cout << "输入第几个人出局：";
	cin >> k;
	SqQueue S;
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
	{
		S.EnQueueu(i);
	}
	for (i = 1; i < k; i++)
	{
		QElemType temp = S.base[S.front];
		S.DeQueue();
		S.EnQueueu(temp);
	}
	int count = 1;
	while (!S.IsEmpty())
	{
		if (count < k)
		{
			QElemType temp = S.base[S.front];
			S.DeQueue();
			S.EnQueueu(temp);
			count++;
		}
		if (count == k)
		{
			cout << S.GetHead() << " ";
			S.DeQueue();
			count = 1;
		}
	}
	cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
	SqQueue S;
	S.yuesefu();
	return 0;
}

✅运行示例：

好啦，关于栈和队列的小练习到这里就结束啦，后期会继续更新数据结构与算法的相关知识，欢迎大家持续关注、点赞和评论！❤️❤️❤️