RHCE模拟练习题整理

环境

主机	IP	作用
workstation.lab.example.com	172.25.250.9	Ansible control node
servera.lab.example.com	172.25.250.10	Ansible managed node
serverb.lab.example.com	172.25.250.11	Ansible managed node
serverc.lab.example.com	172.25.250.12	Ansible managed node
serverd.lab.example.com	172.25.250.13	Ansible managed node
bastion.lab.example.com	172.25.250.254	Ansible managed node

workstation为ansible节点
servera、serverb、serverc、serverd、bastion为受控主机

Ansible 控制节点上已创建了用户帐户 student。此帐户预装了 SSH密钥，
允许在 Ansible 控制节点和各个 Ansible 受管节点之间进行SSH 登录。
请勿对系统上的 student SSH 配置文件进行任何修改。
您可以从 root 帐户使用 su 访问此用户帐户

前期环境准备

[root@foundation ~]$ virt-manager
[root@foundation ~]$ rht-vmctl reset all
输入y确认重置所有主机
[root@foundation ~]$ ssh -X root@workstation
[root@workstation ~]# dnf install -y ansible
[root@workstation ~]# vim /etc/sudoers.d/student
student ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
[root@workstation ~]# for i in server{a..d} bastion
> do scp /etc/sudoers.d/student root@$i:/etc/sudoers.d/
> done
> 

更改workstation、servera、serverb、serverc、serverd、bastion
主机的/etc/hosts文件，把文件中content.example.com对应的ip改为172.25.254.250

[root@workstation ~]# for i in server{a..d} bastion
> do scp /etc/hosts root@$i:/etc/hosts
> done

关闭bastion的httpd服务

[root@foundation ~]$ ssh  root@bastion
[root@bastion ~]# systemctl  stop  httpd
[root@bastion ~]# systemctl  disable httpd

正式答题

1、安装和配置Ansible

按照下方所述，在控制节点workstation.lab.example.com 上安装和配置Ansible：
安装所需的软件包
创建名为/home/student/ansible/inventory的静态清单文件, 以满足以下需求:
servera是dev主机组的成员
serverb是test主机组的成员
serverc和serverd是prod主机组的成员
bastion是balancers主机组的成员
prod组是webservers主机组的成员
创建名为/home/student/ansible/ansible.cfg的配置文件, 以满足以下要求:
主机清单文件为/home/student/ansible/inventory
playbook中使用的角色的位置包括/home/student/ansible/roles

[root@foundation ~]$ ssh root@workstation
[student@workstation ~]$ su - student
[student@workstation ~]$ mkdir ansible
[student@workstation ~]$ cd ansible
[student@workstation ansible]$ cp /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg  /home/student/ansible/
[student@workstation ansible]$ mkdir /home/student/ansible/roles
[student@workstation ansible]$ vi ansible.cfg
[defaults]
inventory = /home/student/ansible/inventory
remote_user = student
roles_path = /home/student/ansible/roles 
host_key_checking = false
[privilege_escalation]
become = true
become_method = sudo
become_user = root
become_ask_pass = false
[student@workstation ansible]$ vim inventory
[dev]
servera
[test]
serverb
[prod]
serverc
serverd
[balancers]
bastion
[webservers:children]
prod

[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible  all  -m  ping

2、创建和运行Ansible临时命令

2、创建和运行Ansible临时命令
作为系统管理员, 您需要在受管节点上安装软件.
请按照下方所述, 创建一个名为/home/student/ansible/adhoc.sh的shell脚本,
该脚本将使用Ansible临时命令在各个受管节点上安装yum存储库:
存储库1:
存储库的名称为 rh294_BASE
描述为 rh294 base software
基础URL为 http://content.example.com/rhel8.0/x86_64/dvd/BaseOS
GPG签名检查为启用状态
GPG密钥URL为 http://content.example.com/rhel8.0/x86_64/dvd/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
存储库为开启状态
存储库2:
存储库的名称为 rh294_STREAM
描述为 rh294 stream software
基础URL为 http://content.example.com/rhel8.0/x86_64/dvd/AppStream
GPG签名检查为启用状态
GPG密钥URL为 http://content.example.com/rhel8.0/x86_64/dvd/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
存储库为开启状态

[student@workstation ansible]$ vim adhoc.sh
#!/bin/bash
ansible all -m yum_repository -a "name=rh294_BASE description='rh294 base software' 
file=rhel_dvd baseurl=http://content.example.com/rhel8.0/x86_64/dvd/BaseOS gpgcheck=yes 
gpgkey=http://content.example.com/rhel8.0/x86_64/dvd/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release enabled=yes"

ansible all -m yum_repository -a "name=rh294_STREAM description='rh294 stream software'
 file=rhel_dvd baseurl=http://content.example.com/rhel8.0/x86_64/dvd/AppStream 
gpgcheck=yes gpgkey=http://content.example.com/rhel8.0/x86_64/dvd/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release enabled=yes"

[student@workstation ansible]$ chmod +x adhoc.sh
[student@workstation ansible]$ ./adhoc.sh

3、安装软件包

创建一个名为 /home/student/ansible/packages.yml的 playbook：
将 php 和 mariadb 软件包安装到 dev、test 和 prod 主机组中的主机上
将 RPM Development Tools 软件包组安装到 dev主机组中的主机上
将 dev 主机组中主机上的所有软件包更新为最新版本

[student@workstation ansible]$ vim packages.yml
---
- name: install pkgs
  hosts: dev, test, prod
  tasks:
    - name: install mariadb php
      yum:
        name:
          - php
          - mariadb
        state: present
        
- name: install group pkgs
  hosts: dev
  tasks:
    - name: install Development Tools
      yum:
        name: "@Development Tools"
        state: present
        
- name: update all pkgs
  hosts: dev
  tasks:
    - name: update pkgs
      yum:
        name: '*'
        state: latest


[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible-playbook packages.yml

4、使用RHEL系统角色

安装 RHEL 系统角色软件包，并创建符合以下条件的playbook /home/student/ansible/timesync.yml：
在所有受管节点上运行
使用 timesync 角色
配置该角色，以使用当前有效的 NTP 提供商
配置该角色，以使用时间服务器 classroom.example.com
配置该角色，以启用 iburst 参数

[student@workstation ansible]$ sudo yum -y install rhel-system-roles
[student@workstation ansible]$ cp -r /usr/share/ansible/roles/rhel-system-roles.timesync/ /home/student/ansible/roles/timesync
[student@workstation ansible]$ ls roles/timesync/
COPYING  defaults  handlers  library  meta  README.html  README.md  semaphore  tasks  templates  tests  vars

[student@workstation ansible]$ vim timesync.yml
---
- name: set timesync
  hosts: all
  vars:
    timesync_ntp_servers:
      - hostname: classroom.example.com
        iburst: yes
  roles:
    - timesync

[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible-playbook timesync.yml

5、使用selinux角色

配置该角色，开启所有受控节点的selinux

[student@workstation ansible]$ cp -r /usr/share/ansible/roles/rhel-system-roles.selinux/ /home/student/ansible/roles/selinux

[student@workstation ansible]$ vim selinux.yml
---
- name: start selinux
  hosts: all
  vars:
    selinux_state: enforcing
  roles:
    - role: selinux
      become: true

[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible-playbook selinux.yml

6、使用Ansible Galaxy安装角色

使用 Ansible Galaxy 和要求文件 /home/student/ansible/roles/requirements.yml，从以下 URL 下载角色并安装到 /home/student/ansible/roles：
http://content.example.com/haproxy.tar.gz 此角色的名称应当为 balancer
http://content.example.com/phpinfo.tar.gz 此角色的名称应当为 phpinfo

[student@workstation ansible]$ vim roles/requirements.yml
---
- name: balancer
  src: http://content.example.com/haproxy.tar.gz
- name: phpinfo
  src: http://content.example.com/phpinfo.tar.gz

[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible-galaxy install -r /home/student/ansible/roles/requirements.yml -p /home/student/ansible/roles/
- downloading role from http://content.example.com/haproxy.tar.gz
- extracting balancer to /home/student/ansible/roles/balancer
- balancer was installed successfully
- downloading role from http://content.example.com/phpinfo.tar.gz
- extracting phpinfo to /home/student/ansible/roles/phpinfo
- phpinfo was installed successfully

[student@workstation ansible]$ ls roles/
balancer  phpinfo  requirements.yml  selinux  timesync

7、创建和使用角色

根据下列要求，在/home/student/ansible/roles中创建名为apache的角色：
httpd软件包已安装，设为在系统启动时启用并启动
防火墙已启用并正在运行，并使用允许访问Web服务器的规则
模板文件 index.html.j2 已存在，用于创建具有以下输出的文件/var/www/html/index.html：
Welcome to HOSTNAME on IPADDRESS
其中，HOSTNAME是受管节点的完全限定域名，IPADDRESS则是受管节点的IP地址。
按照下方所述，创建一个使用此角色的playbook /home/student/ansible/newrole.yml：
该playbook在webservers主机组中的主机上运行

[student@workstation ansible]$ cd roles/
[student@workstation roles]$ ansible-galaxy init apache
- apache was created successfully

[student@workstation roles]$ vim apache/tasks/main.yml
---
# tasks file for apache
- name: install httpd firewalld
  yum:
    name:
      - httpd
      - firewalld
    state: present

- name: copy file
  template:
    src: index.html.j2
    dest: /var/www/html/index.html

- name: start httpd service
  service:
    name: httpd
    state: started
    enabled: yes

- name: restart firewalld
  service:
    name: firewalld
    state: restarted
    enabled: yes

- name: set firewalld
  firewalld:
    service: http
    permanent: yes
    state: enabled
    immediate: yes


[student@workstation roles]$ vim apache/templates/index.html.j2
Welcome to {{ ansible_fqdn }} on {{ ansible_enp1s0.ipv4.address }}

[student@workstation roles]$ cd ..
[student@workstation ansible]$ vim newrole.yml
---
- name: use apache role
  hosts: webservers
  roles:
    - apache


[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible-playbook newrole.yml

[student@workstation ansible]$ curl http://serverc
Welcome to serverc.lab.example.com on 172.25.250.12
[student@workstation ansible]$ curl http://serverd
Welcome to serverd.lab.example.com on 172.25.250.13

8、从Ansible Galaxy使用角色

根据下列要求，创建一个名为 /home/student/ansible/roles.yml的playbook：
playbook中包含一个play，该play在balancers主机组中的主机上运行并将使用balancer角色。
此角色配置一项服务，以在webservers主机组中的主机之间平衡Web服务器请求的负载。
浏览到balancers主机组中的主机（例如http://bastion.lab.example.com/ ）将生成以下输出：
Welcome to serverc.example.com on 172.25.1.12
重新加载浏览器将从另一Web服务器生成输出：
Welcome to serverd.example.com on 172.25.1.13
playbook 中包含一个 play，该 play 在 webservers主机组中的主机上运行并将使用 phpinfo 角色。
通过 URL /hello.php 浏览到 webservers 主机组中的主机将生成以下输出：
Hello PHP World from FQDN
其中，FQDN是主机的完全限定名称。
例如，浏览到 http://serverc.lab.example.com/hello.php 会生成以下输出：
Hello PHP World from serverc.lab.example.com
另外还有 PHP 配置的各种详细信息，如安装的PHP 版本等。
同样，浏览到 http://serverd.lab.example.com/hello.php 会生成以下输出：
Hello PHP World from serverd.lab.example.com
另外还有 PHP 配置的各种详细信息，如安装的PHP 版本等。

[student@workstation ansible]$ vim roles.yml
---
- name: webservers facts
  hosts: webservers

- name: balancer role
  hosts: balancers
  roles:
    - balancer

- name: php role
  hosts: webservers
  roles:
    - phpinfo


[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible-playbook roles.yml

[student@workstation ansible]$ curl http://bastion.lab.example.com
Welcome to serverc.lab.example.com on 172.25.250.12
[student@workstation ansible]$ curl http://bastion.lab.example.com
Welcome to serverd.lab.example.com on 172.25.250.13

[student@workstation ansible]$ curl http://serverc.lab.example.com/hello.php
Hello PHP World form serverc.lab.example.com
[student@workstation ansible]$ curl http://serverd.lab.example.com/hello.php
Hello PHP World form serverd.lab.example.com

9、创建和使用逻辑卷

创建一个名为/home/student/ansible/lv.yml 的playbook，它将在所有受管节点上运行以执行下列任务：
创建符合以下要求的逻辑卷：
逻辑卷创建在research卷组中
逻辑卷名称为data
逻辑卷大小为1500MiB
使用ext4文件系统格式化逻辑卷
如果无法创建请求的逻辑卷大小，应显示错误消息
Could not create logical volume of that size，并且应改为使用大小 800MiB。
如果卷组research 不存在 ，应显示错误消息
Volume group does not exist。
不要以任何方式挂载逻辑卷

首先执行lvm_pre.yml

[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible-playbook lvm_pre.yml

再编辑playbook

[student@workstation ansible]$ vim lv.yml

---
- name: create lvm
  hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: create lv data
      block:
        - name: create lv 1500
          lvol:
            lv: data
            vg: research
            size: 1500
      rescue:
        - name: output fail message
          debug:
            msg: Could not create logical volume of that size
            
        - name: create lv 800
          lvol:
            lv: data
            vg: research
            size: 800
            
      always:
        - name: format lv
          filesystem:
            dev: /dev/research/data
            fstype: ext4
      when: "'research' in ansible_lvm.vgs"
      
    - name: search not exists
      debug:
        msg: Volume group does not exist
      when: "'research' not in ansible_lvm.vgs"

[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible-playbook lv.yml

10、创建和使用分区

创建名为partition.yml的playbook，对所有节点进行操作：
在vdb上创建一个主分区1500MiB
使用ext4文件系统进行格式化
将文件系统挂载到/newpart
如果分区大小不满足，产生报错信息 could not create partition os that size
则创建分区大小变成800MiB
如果磁盘不存在，产生报错信息：disk does not exist

[student@workstation ansible]$ vim partition.yml
---
- name: create partition
  hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: create part1
      block:
        - name: create part 1500
          parted:
            device: /dev/vdb
            number: 1
            part_type: primary
            part_start: 10
            part_end: 1510
            state: present
            
      rescue:
        - name: output fail message
          debug:
            msg: could not create partition os that size
            
        - name: create part 800
          parted:
            device: /dev/vdb
            number: 1
            part_type: primary
            part_start: 10
            part_end: 800
            state: present

      always:    
        - name: format part
          filesystem:
            dev: /dev/vdb1
            fstype: ext4

        - name: create mount point
          file:
            path: /newpart
            state: directory

        - name: mount
          mount:
            src: /dev/vdb1
            path: /newpart
            fstype: ext4
            state: mounted
      when: "ansible_devices.vdb is defined"
          
    - name: vdb not exist
      debug:
        msg: disk  does not exist
      when: "ansible_devices.vdb is not defined"
   
   
[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible-playbook partition.yml

11、生成主机文件

将一个初始模板文件从http://content.example.com/hosts.j2下载到/home/student/ansible
完成该模板，以便用它生成以下文件：针对每个清单主机包含一行内容，其格式与 /etc/hosts 相同
创建名为 /home/student/ansible/hosts.yml 的playbook，它将使用此模板在 dev 主机组中的主机上生成文件 /etc/myhosts。
该 playbook 运行后，dev 主机组中主机上的文件/etc/myhosts 应针对每个受管主机包含一行内容：
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
172.24.1.6 servera.lab1.example.com servera
172.24.1.7 serverb.lab1.example.com serverb
172.24.1.8 serverc.lab1.example.com serverc
172.24.1.9 serverd.lab1.example.com serverd
172.24.1.10 bastion.lab1.example.com bastion

[student@workstation ansible]$ wget http://content.example.com/hosts.j2
[student@workstation ansible]$ vim hosts.j2
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
{% for ho in groups.all %}
{{ hostvars[ho].ansible_enp1s0.ipv4.address }}  {{ hostvars[ho].ansible_fqdn }}  {{ hostvars[ho].ansible_hostname }}
{% endfor %}

[student@workstation ansible]$ vim hosts.yml
---
- name: all variable
  hosts: all
- name: cp to myhosts
  hosts: dev
  tasks:
    - name: cp hosts
      template:
        src: /home/student/ansible/hosts.j2
        dest: /etc/myhosts

[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible-playbook hosts.yml

[student@workstation ansible]$ ssh root@servera
[root@servera ~]# cat /etc/myhosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
172.25.250.10  servera.lab.example.com  servera
172.25.250.11  serverb.lab.example.com  serverb
172.25.250.254  bastion.lab.example.com  bastion
172.25.250.12  serverc.lab.example.com  serverc
172.25.250.13  serverd.lab.example.com  serverd

12、修改文件内容

按照下方所述，创建一个名为 /home/student/ansible/issue.yml 的 playbook：
该 playbook 将在所有清单主机上运行
该 playbook 会将 /etc/issue 的内容替换为下方所示的一行文本：
在 dev 主机组中的主机上，这行文本显示为：Development
在 test 主机组中的主机上，这行文本显示为：Test
在 prod 主机组中的主机上，这行文本显示为：Production

[student@workstation ansible]$ vim issue.yml
---
- name: modify issue
  hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: input to issue
      copy:
        content: |
          {% if 'dev' in group_names %}
          Development
          {% elif 'test' in group_names %}
          Test
          {% elif 'prod' in group_names %}
          Production
          {% endif %}
        dest: /etc/issue

[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible-playbook issue.yml 

[root@servera ~]# cat /etc/issue
Development

[root@serverb ~]# cat /etc/issue
Test

[root@serverc ~]# cat /etc/issue
Production

[root@serverd ~]# cat /etc/issue
Production

13、创建Web内容目录

按照下方所述，创建一个名为 /home/student/ansible/webcontent.yml 的 playbook：
该 playbook 在 dev 主机组中的受管节点上运行
创建符合下列要求的目录 /webdev：
所有者为 devops 组
具有常规权限：owner=read+write+execute，group=read+write+execute，other=read+execute
具有特殊权限: set group ID
用符号链接将 /var/www/html/webdev 链接到 /webdev
创建文件 /webdev/index.html，其中包含如下所示的单行文本：Development
在 dev 主机组中主机上浏览此目录（例如 http://servera.lab.example.com/webdev/ ）将生成以下输出：
Development

[student@ansible ansible]$ vim webcontent.yml
---
- name: webcontent
  hosts: dev
  tasks:
    - name: create user
      user:
        name: devops

    - name: create directory
      file:
        path: /webdev
        group: devops
        mode: 2775
        state: directory

    - name: write file
      copy:
        dest: /webdev/index.html
        content: Development

    - name: set context
      sefcontext:
        target: /webdev(/.*)?
        setype: httpd_sys_content_t

    - name: restorecon
      command: restorecon -Rv /webdev

    - name: create link
      file:
        src: /webdev
        path: /var/www/html/webdev
        state: link
        
    - name: set firewalld
      firewalld:
        service: http
        premanent: yes
        immediate: yes
        state: enabled

    - name: restart httpd serice
      service:
        name: httpd
        state: restarted

[student@ansible ansible]$ ansible-playbook webcontent.yml

[student@ansible ansible]$ curl http://node1/webdev/
Development

14、生成硬件报告

创建一个名为 /home/student/ansible/hwreport.yml的 playbook，它将在所有受管节点上生成含有以下信息的输出文件 /root/hwreport.txt：

输出文件中的每一行含有一个 key=value 对。

您的 playbook 应当：
从 http://content.example.com/hwreport.empty 下载文件，并将它保存为/root/hwreport.txt
使用正确的值修改 /root/hwreport.txt
如果硬件项不存在，相关的值应设为NONE

[student@workstation ansible]$ vim hwreport.yml
---
- name: get hwreport
  hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: Create report file
      get_url:
        url: http://content.example.com/hwreport.empty
        dest: /root/hwreport.txt

    - name: get inventory_hostname
      replace:
        path: /root/hwreport.txt
        regexp: 'inventoryhostname'
        replace: "{{ inventory_hostname }}"

    - name: get mem 
      replace:
        path: /root/hwreport.txt
        regexp: 'memory_in_MB'
        replace: "{{ ansible_memtotal_mb }}"

    - name: get bios
      replace:
        path: /root/hwreport.txt
        regexp: 'BIOS_version'
        replace: "{{ ansible_bios_version }}"

    - name: get vda
      replace:
        path: /root/hwreport.txt
        regexp: 'disk_vda_size'
        replace: "{{ ansible_devices.vda.size if ansible_devices.vda is defined else 'NONE'}}"

    - name: get vdb
      replace:
        path: /root/hwreport.txt
        regexp: 'disk_vdb_size'
        replace: "{{ ansible_devices.vdb.size if ansible_devices.vdb is defined else 'NONE'}}"

[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible-playbook hwreport.yml

15、创建密码库

按照下方所述，创建一个 Ansible 库来存储用户密码：
库名称为 /home/student/ansible/locker.yml
库中含有两个变量，名称如下：
pw_developer，值为 Imadev
pw_manager，值为 Imamgr
用于加密和解密该库的密码为whenyouwishuponastar
密码存储在文件 /home/student/ansible/secret.txt中

[student@workstation ansible]$ vim locker.yml
---
pw_developer: lmadev
pw_manager: lmamgr

[student@workstation ansible]$ echo "whenyouwishuponastar" >secret.txt
[student@workstation ansible]$ chmod 600 secret.txt
[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible-vault encrypt locker.yml --vault-id secret.txt
Encryption successful

16、创建用户账户

从 http://content.example.com/user_list.yml 下载要创建的用户的列表，并将它保存到 /home/student/ansible
在本次考试中使用在其他位置创建的密码库 /home/student/ansible/locker.yml，创建名为/home/student/ansible/users.yml 的playbook，从而按以下所述创建用户帐户：
职位描述为 developer 的用户应当：
在 dev 和 test 主机组中的受管节点上创建
从 pw_developer 变量分配密码,密码有效期为30天
是附加组 student 的成员
职位描述为 manager 的用户应当：
在 prod 主机组中的受管节点上创建
从 pw_manager 变量分配密码，密码有效期为30天
是附加组 opsmgr 的成员
密码应采用 SHA512 哈希格式。
您的 playbook 应能够在本次考试中使用在其他位置创建的库密码文件/home/student/ansible/secret.txt 正常运行

[student@workstation ansible]$ wget http://content.example.com/user_list.yml
[student@workstation ansible]$ vim users.yml 
--- 
- name: create user is developer
  hosts: dev, test 
  vars_files: 
    - /home/student/ansible/locker.yml 
    - /home/student/ansible/user_list.yml 
  tasks: 
    - name: create student group
      group: 
        name: student 
        state: present 

    - name: create user in developer 
      user: 
        name: "{{ item.name }}" 
        groups: student 
        password: "{{ pw_developer | password_hash('sha512') }}" 
        state: present
      loop: "{{ users }}" 
      when: item.job == "developer" 
      
    - name: chage
      shell: 
        cmd: chage -M 30 {{ item.name }}
      loop: "{{ users }}"
      when: item.job == "developer"

- name: create user is manager
  hosts: prod 
  vars_files: 
    - /home/student/ansible/locker.yml 
    - /home/student/ansible/user_list.yml 
  tasks: 
    - name: create opsmgr group
      group: 
        name: opsmgr 
        state: present 

    - name: create user in manager 
      user: 
        name: "{{ item.name }}" 
        groups: opsmgr 
        password: "{{ pw_manager | password_hash('sha512') }}" 
        state: present
      loop: "{{ users }}" 
      when: item.job == "manager" 
      
    - name: chage1
      shell: 
        cmd: chage -M 30 {{ item.name }}
      loop: "{{ users }}"
      when: item.job == "manager"

[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible-playbook users.yml --vault-id secret.txt

17、更新Ansible库的密钥

按照下方所述，更新现有 Ansible 库的密钥：
从 http://content.example.com/salaries.yml 下载 Ansible 库到 /home/student/ansible
当前的库密码为 AAAAAAAAA
新的库密码为 bbe2de98389b
库使用新密码保持加密状态

[student@workstation ansible]$ wget http://172.25.250.250/ansible2.8/salaries.yml 
[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible-vault rekey salaries.yml
输入旧密码
输入新密码
确认新密码

18、创建计划任务

创建⼀个名为 /home/greg/ansible/cron.yml 的 playbook
配置 cron 作业，该作业每隔 2 分钟运⾏并执⾏以下命令：
logger “EX294 in progress”，以⽤户 natasha 身份运⾏

[student@workstation ansible]$ vim cron.yml
---
- name: create cron
  hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: create  user
      user:
        name: natasha
        state: present

    - name: create cron for all
      cron:
        name: cy
        minute: '*/2'
        job: logger "EX294 in progress"
        user: natasha


[student@workstation ansible]$ ansible-playbook cron.yml