在CentOS上用yum方式安装MySQL8过程记录

此文参考官方文档一步一步记录安装到正常运行全过程

安装环境:centos7
mysql版本:8.0.35

安装过程主要参考下面两边文章:
1.官方文档
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/linux-installation-yum-repo.html
2.linux yum安装mysql8

安装过程大概有以下几步:
1.查找mysql源链接
2.安装mysql源(仓库)
3.安装mysql服务
4.启动mysql服务
5.获取并修改密码
6.防火墙放行、远程登录和设置

因为我的这个centos之前用宝塔装过mysql5.6版本,所以走了一点弯路,过程也记录下来了。如果也是同样情况,建议一开始就卸载旧版本再安装8.0版本。

另外,我避开下面的坑,又重新记录了在一台centosh上mysql8.0过程,可以参考下面我写的另外一篇文章:
《在CentOS上用yum方式安装MySQL8真实全过程记录(顺利版本)》

一、查找mysql源链接

(MySQL Yum Repository,找MySQL官方yum仓库地址并下载)
根据官方文档提示,进入到mysql yum仓库的下载页面(如下图)
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

在CentOS上用yum方式安装MySQL8过程记录_第1张图片
因为我的CentOS版本是7,所以选择对应的版本,点击download进入下载页面(如下图)
在CentOS上用yum方式安装MySQL8过程记录_第2张图片
提示注册,不需要注册,我们直接复制下面的下载地址即可。
复制到的地址为:
https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

二、安装mysql源(仓库)

[root@szaliyun ~]# yum localinstall https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
已加载插件:fastestmirror
mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                             |  14 kB  00:00:00     
正在检查 /var/tmp/yum-root-hMU7pD/mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm: mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch
/var/tmp/yum-root-hMU7pD/mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm 将被安装
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql80-community-release.noarch.0.el7-11 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

===============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                            架构                            版本                               源                                                                 大小
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
 mysql80-community-release                          noarch                          el7-11                             /mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch                           17 k

事务概要
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
安装  1 软件包

总计:17 k
安装大小:17 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  正在安装    : mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch                                                                                                                                    1/1 
  验证中      : mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch                                                                                                                                    1/1 

已安装:
  mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-11                                                                                                                                                    

完毕!

过程中提问是否安装,输入y后回车。

三、安装mysql服务

列出已启用的包含 “mysql.-community.” 关键字的软件包仓库

[root@szaliyun ~]# yum repolist enabled
已加载插件:fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
源标识                                                                               源名称                                                                                            状态
base/7/x86_64                                                                        CentOS-7                                                                                          10,070+2
epel/x86_64                                                                          Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64                                                    13,788+2
extras/7/x86_64                                                                      CentOS-7                                                                                               518
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64                                                    MySQL Connectors Community                                                                             234
mysql-tools-community/x86_64                                                         MySQL Tools Community                                                                                  102
mysql80-community/x86_64                                                             MySQL 8.0 Community Server                                                                             446
updates/7/x86_64                                                                     CentOS-7                                                                                           5,359+8
repolist: 30,517
[root@szaliyun ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community                 234
mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community                      102
mysql80-community/x86_64          MySQL 8.0 Community Server                 446
[root@szaliyun ~]# 

yum repolist enabled 用于列出已启用的软件包仓库,grep “mysql.-community.” 用于过滤出包含 “mysql.-community.” 关键字的软件包仓库。

安装

[root@szaliyun ~]# yum install mysql-community-server
已加载插件:fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
base                                                                                                                                                                    | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
epel                                                                                                                                                                    | 4.7 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                                                                                  | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
mysql-connectors-community                                                                                                                                              | 2.6 kB  00:00:00     
mysql-tools-community                                                                                                                                                   | 2.6 kB  00:00:19     
mysql80-community                                                                                                                                                       | 2.6 kB  00:00:04     
updates                                                                                                                                                                 | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-server.x86_64.0.8.0.35-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.35-1.el7,它被软件包 mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-icu-data-files = 8.0.35-1.el7,它被软件包 mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.11,它被软件包 mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-client.x86_64.0.8.0.35-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-client-plugins = 8.0.35-1.el7,它被软件包 mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.11,它被软件包 mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 mysql-community-common.x86_64.0.8.0.35-1.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 mysql-community-icu-data-files.x86_64.0.8.0.35-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mariadb-libs.x86_64.1.5.5.68-1.el7 将被 取代
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit),它被软件包 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit),它被软件包 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 mysql-community-client-plugins.x86_64.0.8.0.35-1.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 mysql-community-libs.x86_64.0.8.0.35-1.el7 将被 舍弃
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64.0.8.0.35-1.el7 将被 舍弃
--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

===============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                    架构                               版本                                        源                                             大小
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
 mysql-community-libs                                       x86_64                             8.0.35-1.el7                                mysql80-community                             1.5 M
      替换  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.68-1.el7
 mysql-community-libs-compat                                x86_64                             8.0.35-1.el7                                mysql80-community                             669 k
      替换  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.68-1.el7
 mysql-community-server                                     x86_64                             8.0.35-1.el7                                mysql80-community                              64 M
为依赖而安装:
 mysql-community-client                                     x86_64                             8.0.35-1.el7                                mysql80-community                              16 M
 mysql-community-client-plugins                             x86_64                             8.0.35-1.el7                                mysql80-community                             3.5 M
 mysql-community-common                                     x86_64                             8.0.35-1.el7                                mysql80-community                             665 k
 mysql-community-icu-data-files                             x86_64                             8.0.35-1.el7                                mysql80-community                             2.2 M

事务概要
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
安装  3 软件包 (+4 依赖软件包)

总下载量:89 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
mysql-community-client-8.0.35- FAILED                                             0% [                                                                       ] 1.1 kB/s |  46 kB  23:13:17 ETA 
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
正在尝试其它镜像。
mysql-community-client-plugins FAILED                                             0% [                                                                       ] 1.4 kB/s | 280 kB  18:15:11 ETA 
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
正在尝试其它镜像。
mysql-community-common-8.0.35- FAILED                                            0% [                                                                      ]  2.1 B/s | 434 kB 12427:49:49 ETA 
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-common-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-common-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
正在尝试其它镜像。
mysql-community-icu-data-files FAILED                                            0% [                                                                       ]  5.4 B/s |  68 kB 4752:59:45 ETA 
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
正在尝试其它镜像。
mysql-community-libs-8.0.35-1. FAILED                                            0% [                                                                      ]  0.8 B/s | 184 kB 31857:32:53 ETA 
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-libs-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-libs-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
正在尝试其它镜像。
mysql-community-libs-compat-8. FAILED                                            0% [                                                                       ]  9.6 B/s | 550 kB 2674:52:24 ETA 
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
正在尝试其它镜像。

mysql-community-server-8.0.35- FAILED                                          
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
正在尝试其它镜像。
mysql-community-client-8.0.35- FAILED                                            0% [-                                                                      ]  5.6 B/s | 804 kB 4605:51:37 ETA 
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
正在尝试其它镜像。
警告:/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql80-community/packages/mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, 密钥 ID 3a79bd29: NOKEYkB/s | 3.3 MB  00:01:59 ETA 
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公钥尚未安装
(1/7): mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                           | 3.5 MB  00:00:02     
(2/7): mysql-community-common-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                   | 665 kB  00:00:00     
(3/7): mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                           | 2.2 MB  00:00:00     
(4/7): mysql-community-libs-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                     | 1.5 MB  00:00:00     
(5/7): mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                              | 669 kB  00:00:00     
(6/7): mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                   |  64 MB  00:00:10     
(7/7): mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                   |  16 MB  00:00:02     
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计                                                                                                                                                            71 kB/s |  89 MB  00:21:14     
从 file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023 检索密钥
导入 GPG key 0xA8D3785C:
 用户ID     : "MySQL Release Engineering "
 指纹       : bca4 3417 c3b4 85dd 128e c6d4 b7b3 b788 a8d3 785c
 软件包     : mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch (@/mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch)
 来自       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023
是否继续?[y/N]:从 file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022 检索密钥
导入 GPG key 0x3A79BD29:
 用户ID     : "MySQL Release Engineering "
 指纹       : 859b e8d7 c586 f538 430b 19c2 467b 942d 3a79 bd29
 软件包     : mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch (@/mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch)
 来自       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
是否继续?[y/N]:y
从 file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql 检索密钥
导入 GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
 用户ID     : "MySQL Release Engineering "
 指纹       : a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
 软件包     : mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch (@/mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch)
 来自       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
是否继续?[y/N]:y
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  正在安装    : mysql-community-common-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                 1/8 
  正在安装    : mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                         2/8 
  正在安装    : mysql-community-libs-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                   3/8 
  正在安装    : mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                 4/8 
  正在安装    : mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                         5/8 
  正在安装    : mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                 6/8 
warning: /etc/my.cnf created as /etc/my.cnf.rpmnew
  正在安装    : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                            7/8 
  正在删除    : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                         8/8 
  验证中      : mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                         1/8 
  验证中      : mysql-community-common-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                 2/8 
  验证中      : mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                         3/8 
  验证中      : mysql-community-libs-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                   4/8 
  验证中      : mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                 5/8 
  验证中      : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                            6/8 
  验证中      : mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                 7/8 
  验证中      : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                         8/8 

已安装:
  mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7                  mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7                  mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7                 

作为依赖被安装:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7                      mysql-community-client-plugins.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7              mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7             
  mysql-community-icu-data-files.x86_64 0:8.0.35-1.el7             

替代:
  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.68-1.el7                                                                                                                                                           

完毕!
[root@szaliyun ~]# 

可以看到安装并不顺利,程序自动更换镜像后安装最终完成。

四、启动mysql服务

[root@szaliyun ~]# systemctl status mysqld

启动失败,查日志
[root@szaliyun ~]# journalctl -xe | grep mysql
查到说redo log格式不对

1026 07:14:54 szaliyun mysqld[19819]: 2023-10-25T23:14:53.988237Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-013090] [InnoDB] Unsupported redo log format (v0). The redo log was created before MySQL 5.7.9

按网上查了一下,说是需要将ib_logfile0和ib_logfile1移走
于是查找并移走这两个文件,重启依旧报错,说找不到目录

Neither found #innodb_redo subdirectory, nor ib_logfile* files in /www/server/data/

尝试了网上说的一些方法,也解决不了,估计是mysql5.7版本没卸载导致8.0不能正常运行。
实在没办法就卸载重装吧:

[root@szaliyun ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
bt-mysql56-5.6.50-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch
mysql-community-common-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
[root@szaliyun ~]# 
[root@szaliyun ~]# yum remove bt-mysql56-5.6.50-1.el7.x86_64
[root@szaliyun ~]# yum remove mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
[root@szaliyun ~]# yum install mysql-community-server

启动mysql,继续报错:

[root@szaliyun ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log
2023-10-29T08:28:10.584709Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.35) initializing of server in progress as process 21123
2023-10-29T08:28:10.589908Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010457] [Server] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2023-10-29T08:28:10.589953Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-013236] [Server] The designated data directory /var/lib/mysql/ is unusable. You can remove all files that the server added to it.
2023-10-29T08:28:10.590006Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting

关键是这一条:2023-10-29T08:28:10.589953Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-013236] [Server] The designated data directory /var/lib/mysql/ is unusable. You can remove all files that the server added to it.
大概是说指定的这个目录不可用,你可以删除所有这些文件。做好备份后删掉重新启动。

[root@szaliyun lib]# cp -r mysql/ mysql231029back
[root@szaliyun lib]# cd mysql
[root@szaliyun mysql]# ls
auto.cnf  binlog.index  ca-key.pem  ca.pem  client-cert.pem  client-key.pem  #innodb_redo  mysql-bin  private_key.pem  public_key.pem  server-cert.pem  server-key.pem
[root@szaliyun mysql]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/*
[root@szaliyun mysql]# ls
[root@szaliyun mysql]# systemctl start mysql
Failed to start mysql.service: Unit not found.
[root@szaliyun mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@szaliyun mysql]# 
[root@szaliyun mysql]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 日 2023-10-29 16:46:32 CST; 6s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 11202 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 11369 (mysqld)
   Status: "Server is operational"
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─11369 /usr/sbin/mysqld

1029 16:46:26 szaliyun systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
1029 16:46:32 szaliyun systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
[root@szaliyun mysql]# 

启动成功!

五、获取并修改密码

获取临时密码

[root@szaliyun mysql]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2023-10-29T08:46:29.090680Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: giAufyacf3</
[root@szaliyun mysql]# 

然后尝试登录

[root@szaliyun /]# mysql -u root -p
-bash: mysql: 未找到命令  
[root@szaliyun mysql]# which mysql
/usr/bin/which: no mysql in (/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin)
[root@szaliyun mysql]#

没有找到mysql,经过几番测试,还是没找到mysql的安装目录,最后GPT让我重装。

[root@szaliyun mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-community-libs-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch
mysql-community-common-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
[root@szaliyun mysql]# yum reinstall mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64

重装完之后就可以了

[root@szaliyun mysql]# which mysql
/usr/bin/mysql

然后就是修改密码:

[root@szaliyun /]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.35

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'New%Password4';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.15 sec)

mysql> 

至此修改密码完成。

六、防火墙放行、远程登录和设置

放开CentOS网络端口

[root@szaliyun ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
[root@szaliyun ~]# firewall-cmd --reload

然后再在硬件防火墙上放开(如果需要),如果是使用云服务器(例如阿里云),则在云供应商的设置页面放开3306端口。
然后在公网上telnet ip 3306,端口通了。
再使用SQLyog尝试连接数据库,显示 :
在CentOS上用yum方式安装MySQL8过程记录_第3张图片

出现这个Host is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server很常见,就是我现在要连接的ip没有授权访问,授权就好。

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> 

继续测试连接,报下面错误:

在CentOS上用yum方式安装MySQL8过程记录_第4张图片
Plugin caching_sha2_password could not be loaded报错
这是因为MYSQL8.0版使用了新的密码机制。
为了方便,将密码机制改为mysql_native_password(安全性降低了)

mysql> select Host,User,Plugin from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| Host      | User             | Plugin                |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| %         | root             | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter user root@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'New#password2';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select Host,User,Plugin from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| Host      | User             | Plugin                |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| %         | root             | mysql_native_password |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

再测试连接,成功!
在CentOS上用yum方式安装MySQL8过程记录_第5张图片

七、命令记录

过程中敲过的一些命令:

#安装MYSQL8的yum源
[root@szaliyun ~]# yum localinstall https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
[root@szaliyun ~]# yum repolist enabled
[root@szaliyun ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*" 
[root@szaliyun ~]# find / -name ib_logfile0  #查找文件
[root@szaliyun data]# mkdir ib_logfilebackup
[root@szaliyun data]# cp ib_logfile0 ib_logfilebackup/
#卸载mysql5.6
[root@szaliyun ~]# yum remove bt-mysql56-5.6.50-1.el7.x86_64
#卸载mysql-community-server
[root@szaliyun ~]# yum remove mysql-community-server-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
[root@szaliyun ~]# yum install mysql-community-server
[root@szaliyun ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@szaliyun ~]# systemctl status mysqld
[root@szaliyun ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log
[root@szaliyun ~]# which mysql
#重装mysql客户端
[root@szaliyun mysql]# yum reinstall mysql-community-client-8.0.35-1.el7.x86_64
[root@szaliyun ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
[root@szaliyun ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
[root@szaliyun /]# mysql -u root -p
#修改密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'New%Password4';  
#放开所有地址访问数据库
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
#修改密码规则
mysql> alter user root@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'New#password2'; 

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