作者:老 Z,云原生爱好者,目前专注于云原生运维,云原生领域技术栈涉及 Kubernetes、KubeSphere、DevOps、OpenStack、Ansible 等。
主机名 | IP | CPU | 内存 | 系统盘 | 数据盘 | 用途 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
zdeops-master | 192.168.9.9 | 2 | 4 | 40 | 200 | Ansible 运维控制节点 |
ks-k8s-master-0 | 192.168.9.91 | 4 | 16 | 40 | 200+200 | KubeSphere/k8s-master/k8s-worker |
ks-k8s-master-1 | 192.168.9.92 | 4 | 16 | 40 | 200+200 | KubeSphere/k8s-master/k8s-worker |
ks-k8s-master-2 | 192.168.9.93 | 4 | 16 | 40 | 200+200 | KubeSphere/k8s-master/k8s-worker |
storage-node-0 | 192.168.9.95 | 2 | 8 | 40 | 200+200 | ElasticSearch/GlusterFS |
storage-node-0 | 192.168.9.96 | 2 | 8 | 40 | 200+200 | ElasticSearch/GlusterFS |
storage-node-0 | 192.168.9.97 | 2 | 8 | 40 | 200+200 | ElasticSearch/GlusterFS |
harbor | 192.168.9.89 | 2 | 8 | 40 | 200 | Harbor |
合计 | 8 | 22 | 84 | 320 | 2800 |
生产环境 KubeSphere 3.3.0 部署的 Kubernetes 集群在安全评估的时候发现安全漏洞,其中一项漏洞提示 SSL/TLS 协议信息泄露漏洞 (CVE-2016-2183)。
本文详细描述了漏洞产生原因、漏洞修复方案、漏洞修复的操作流程以及注意事项。
漏洞报告中涉及漏洞 SSL/TLS 协议信息泄露漏洞 (CVE-2016-2183) 的具体信息如下:
端口号 | 服务 |
---|---|
2379/2380 | Etcd |
6443 | kube-apiserver |
10250 | kubelet |
10257 | kube-controller |
10259 | kube-scheduler |
# ETCD
[root@ks-k8s-master-0 ~]# ss -ntlup | grep Etcd | grep -v "127.0.0.1"
tcp LISTEN 0 128 192.168.9.91:2379 *:* users:(("Etcd",pid=1341,fd=7))
tcp LISTEN 0 128 192.168.9.91:2380 *:* users:(("Etcd",pid=1341,fd=5))
# kube-apiserver
[root@ks-k8s-master-0 ~]# ss -ntlup | grep 6443
tcp LISTEN 0 128 [::]:6443 [::]:* users:(("kube-apiserver",pid=1743,fd=7))
# kubelet
[root@ks-k8s-master-0 ~]# ss -ntlup | grep 10250
tcp LISTEN 0 128 [::]:10250 [::]:* users:(("kubelet",pid=1430,fd=24))
# kube-controller
[root@ks-k8s-master-0 ~]# ss -ntlup | grep 10257
tcp LISTEN 0 128 [::]:10257 [::]:* users:(("kube-controller",pid=19623,fd=7))
# kube-scheduler
[root@ks-k8s-master-0 ~]# ss -ntlup | grep 10259
tcp LISTEN 0 128 [::]:10259 [::]:* users:(("kube-scheduler",pid=1727,fd=7))
相关服务配置文件里使用了 IDEA、DES 和 3DES 等算法。
可以使用 Nmap 或是 openssl 进行验证,本文重点介绍 Nmap 的验证方式。
**注意:**openssl 的方式输出太多且不好直观判断,有兴趣的可以参考命令
openssl s_client -connect 192.168.9.91:10257 -cipher "DES:3DES"
。
在任意节点安装测试工具 Nmap ,并执行测试命令。
错误的姿势,仅用于说明选择 Nmap 版本很重要,实际操作中不要执行。
# 用 CentOS 默认源安装 nmap
yum install nmap
# 执行针对 2379 端口的 ssl-enum-ciphers 检测
nmap --script ssl-enum-ciphers -p 2379 192.168.9.91
# 结果输出如下
Starting Nmap 6.40 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2023-02-13 14:14 CST
Nmap scan report for ks-k8s-master-0 (192.168.9.91)
Host is up (0.00013s latency).
PORT STATE SERVICE
2379/tcp open unknown
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.30 seconds
注意: 分析输出的结果发现并没有任何警告信息。原因是 Nmap 版本过低,需要 7.x 以上才可以。
正确的姿势,实际执行的操作:
# 从 Nmap 官网,下载安装新版软件包
rpm -Uvh https://nmap.org/dist/nmap-7.93-1.x86_64.rpm
# 执行针对 2379 端口的 ssl-enum-ciphers 检测
# nmap -sV --script ssl-enum-ciphers -p 2379 192.168.9.91 (该命令输出更为详细也更加耗时,为节省篇幅使用下面简单输出的模式)
nmap --script ssl-enum-ciphers -p 2379 192.168.9.91
# 输出结果如下
Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2023-02-13 17:28 CST
Nmap scan report for ks-k8s-master-0 (192.168.9.91)
Host is up (0.00013s latency).
PORT STATE SERVICE
2379/tcp open Etcd-client
| ssl-enum-ciphers:
| TLSv1.2:
| ciphers:
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA (ecdh_x25519) - C
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - C
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (rsa 2048) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (rsa 2048) - A
| compressors:
| NULL
| cipher preference: client
| warnings:
| 64-bit block cipher 3DES vulnerable to SWEET32 attack
|_ least strength: C
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.66 seconds
# 执行针对 2380 端口的 ssl-enum-ciphers 检测
nmap --script ssl-enum-ciphers -p 2380 192.168.9.91
# 输出结果如下
Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2023-02-13 17:28 CST
Nmap scan report for ks-k8s-master-0 (192.168.9.91)
Host is up (0.00014s latency).
PORT STATE SERVICE
2380/tcp open Etcd-server
| ssl-enum-ciphers:
| TLSv1.2:
| ciphers:
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA (ecdh_x25519) - C
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - C
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (rsa 2048) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (rsa 2048) - A
| compressors:
| NULL
| cipher preference: client
| warnings:
| 64-bit block cipher 3DES vulnerable to SWEET32 attack
|_ least strength: C
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.64 seconds
# 执行针对 6443 端口的 ssl-enum-ciphers 检测(10250/10257/10259 端口扫描结果相同)
nmap --script ssl-enum-ciphers -p 6443 192.168.9.91
# 输出结果如下
Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2023-02-13 17:29 CST
Nmap scan report for ks-k8s-master-0 (192.168.9.91)
Host is up (0.00014s latency).
PORT STATE SERVICE
6443/tcp open sun-sr-https
| ssl-enum-ciphers:
| TLSv1.2:
| ciphers:
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (secp256r1) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 (secp256r1) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (secp256r1) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (rsa 2048) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (rsa 2048) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - C
| TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - C
| compressors:
| NULL
| cipher preference: server
| warnings:
| 64-bit block cipher 3DES vulnerable to SWEET32 attack
| TLSv1.3:
| ciphers:
| TLS_AKE_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_AKE_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_AKE_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 (ecdh_x25519) - A
| cipher preference: server
|_ least strength: C
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.66 seconds
注意: 扫描结果中重点关注
warnings
,64-bit block cipher 3DES vulnerable to SWEET32 attack
。
漏洞扫描报告中提到的修复方案并不适用于 Etcd、Kubernetes 相关服务。
针对于 Etcd、Kubernetes 等服务有效的修复手段是修改服务配置文件,禁用 3DES 相关的加密配置。
Cipher Suites 配置参数的选择,可以参考 ETCD 官方文档或是 IBM 私有云文档,网上搜到的很多配置都是参考的 IBM 的文档,想省事的可以拿来即用。
对于配置参数的最终选择,我采用了最笨的方法,即把扫描结果列出的 Cipher 值拼接起来。由于不清楚影响范围,所以保守的采用了在原有配置基础上删除 3DES 相关的配置。
下面的内容整理了 Cipher Suites 配置参数的可参考配置。
- TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
- TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
- TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
- TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
- TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
- TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256
- TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
- TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
- TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
- TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
- TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
- TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
- TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
- TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
- TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
- TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
- TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
- TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
- TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
使用该方案时必须严格按照以下顺序配置,我在测试时发现顺序不一致会导致 Etcd 服务反复重启。
ETCD_CIPHER_SUITES=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
虽然 CIPHER 配置一样,但是在使用下面的顺序时,Etcd 服务反复重启,我排查了好久也没确定根因。也可能是我写的有问题,但是比对多次也没发现异常,只能暂时是认为是顺序造成的。
ETCD_CIPHER_SUITES=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
注意: 只有 Etcd 服务受到顺序的影响,kube 相关组件顺序不同也没发现异常。
网上搜到的参考文档使用率最高的配置。实际测试也确实好用,服务都能正常启动,没有发现 Etcd 不断重启的现象。如果没有特殊需求,可以采用该方案,毕竟选择越少出安全漏洞的几率也越小。
- TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
- TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
建议使用以下顺序修复漏洞:
上面的操作流程中,重点是将 Etcd 的修复重启放在最前面执行。因为 kube 等组件的运行依赖于 Etcd,我在验证时最后升级的 Etcd,当 Etcd 启动失败后(反复重启),其他服务由于无法连接 Etcd,造成服务异常停止。所以先确保 Etcd 运行正常再去修复其他组件。
本文所有操作仅演示了一个节点的操作方法,多节点存在漏洞时请按组件依次执行,先修复完成一个组件,确认无误后再去修复另一个组件。
以下操作是我实战验证过的经验,仅供参考,生产环境请一定要充分验证、测试后再执行!
KubeSpere 3.3.0 采用二进制的方式部署的 Etcd,相关配置文件包含 /etc/systemd/system/Etcd.service 和 /etc/Etcd.env,参数配置保存在 /etc/Etcd.env。
# 在文件最后增加配置(用 cat 命令自动配置)
cat >> /etc/Etcd.env << "EOF"
# TLS CIPHER SUITES settings
ETCD_CIPHER_SUITES=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
EOF
# 重启服务
systemctl restart Etcd
# 验证服务已启动
ss -ntlup | grep Etcd
# 正确的结果如下
tcp LISTEN 129 128 192.168.9.91:2379 *:* users:(("Etcd",pid=40160,fd=7))
tcp LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:2379 *:* users:(("Etcd",pid=40160,fd=6))
tcp LISTEN 0 128 192.168.9.91:2380 *:* users:(("Etcd",pid=40160,fd=5))
# 持续观测 确保服务没有反复重启
watch -n 1 -d 'ss -ntlup | grep Etcd'
注意: 如果是多节点模式,一定要所有节点都修改完配置文件,然后,所有节点同时重启 Etcd 服务。重启过程中会造成 Etcd 服务中断,生产环境谨慎操作。
# 执行扫描命令
nmap --script ssl-enum-ciphers -p 2379 192.168.9.91
# 输出结果如下
Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2023-02-14 17:48 CST
Nmap scan report for ks-k8s-master-0 (192.168.9.91)
Host is up (0.00015s latency).
PORT STATE SERVICE
2379/tcp open Etcd-client
| ssl-enum-ciphers:
| TLSv1.2:
| ciphers:
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (rsa 2048) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (rsa 2048) - A
| compressors:
| NULL
| cipher preference: client
|_ least strength: A
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.64 seconds
# 为了节省篇幅,2380 端口扫描完整输出结果略,实际结果与 2379 端口一致
# 可以执行过滤输出的扫描命令,如果以下命令返回值为空,说明漏洞修复
nmap --script ssl-enum-ciphers -p 2380 192.168.9.91 | grep SWEET32
/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml
:# 新增配置(在原文件 47 行后面增加一行)
- --tls-cipher-suites=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
# 新增后的效果如下(不截图了,增加了行号显示用来区分)
46 - --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.crt
47 - --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.key
48 - --tls-cipher-suites=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_ 256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
不需要手动重启,由于是静态 Pod, Kubernetes 会自动重启。
# 执行扫描命令
nmap --script ssl-enum-ciphers -p 6443 192.168.9.91
# 输出结果如下
Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2023-02-14 09:22 CST
Nmap scan report for ks-k8s-master-0 (192.168.9.91)
Host is up (0.00015s latency).
PORT STATE SERVICE
6443/tcp open sun-sr-https
| ssl-enum-ciphers:
| TLSv1.2:
| ciphers:
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (secp256r1) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (secp256r1) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (rsa 2048) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (rsa 2048) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - A
| compressors:
| NULL
| cipher preference: server
| TLSv1.3:
| ciphers:
| TLS_AKE_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_AKE_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (ecdh_x25519) - A
| TLS_AKE_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 (ecdh_x25519) - A
| cipher preference: server
|_ least strength: A
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.68 seconds
注意:对比之前的漏洞告警信息,扫描结果中已经不存在
64-bit block cipher 3DES vulnerable to SWEET32 attack
,说明修复成功。
/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml
:# 新增配置(在原文件 33 行后面增加一行)
- --tls-cipher-suites=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
# 新增后的效果如下(不截图了,增加了行号显示用来区分)
33 - --use-service-account-credentials=true
34 - --tls-cipher-suites=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_ 256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
不需要手动重启,由于是静态 Pod, Kubernetes 会自动重启。
# 执行完整扫描命令
nmap --script ssl-enum-ciphers -p 10257 192.168.9.91
# 为了节省篇幅,完整输出结果略,实际结果与 kube-apiserver 的一致
# 可以执行过滤输出的扫描命令,如果以下命令返回值为空,说明漏洞修复
nmap --script ssl-enum-ciphers -p 10257 192.168.9.91 | grep SWEET32
注意:对比之前的漏洞告警信息,扫描结果中已经不存在
64-bit block cipher 3DES vulnerable to SWEET32 attack
,说明修复成功。
/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml
:# 新增配置(在原文件 19 行后面增加一行)
- --tls-cipher-suites=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
# 新增后的效果如下(不截图了,增加了行号显示用来区分)
19 - --leader-elect=true
20 - --tls-cipher-suites=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_ 256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
不需要手动重启,由于是静态 Pod, Kubernetes 会自动重启。
# 执行完整扫描命令
nmap --script ssl-enum-ciphers -p 10259 192.168.9.91
# 为了节省篇幅,完整输出结果略,实际结果与 kube-apiserver 的一致
# 可以执行过滤输出的扫描命令,如果以下命令返回值为空,说明漏洞修复
nmap --script ssl-enum-ciphers -p 10259 192.168.9.91 | grep SWEET32
注意:对比之前的漏洞告警信息,扫描结果中已经不存在
64-bit block cipher 3DES vulnerable to SWEET32 attack
,说明修复成功。
/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml
:# 在配置文件最后添加
tlsCipherSuites: [TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_ 256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA]
提示: 更多的 cipher suites 配置,请参考 Kubernetes 官方文档。
systemctl restart kubelet
重启有风险,操作需谨慎!
# 执行完整扫描命令
nmap --script ssl-enum-ciphers -p 10250 192.168.9.91
# 为了节省篇幅,完整输出结果略,实际结果与 kube-apiserver 的一致
# 可以执行过滤输出的扫描命令,如果以下命令返回值为空,说明漏洞修复
nmap --script ssl-enum-ciphers -p 10250 192.168.9.91 | grep SWEET32
注意: 对比之前的漏洞告警信息,扫描结果中已经不存在
64-bit block cipher 3DES vulnerable to SWEET32 attack
,说明修复成功。
Feb 13 16:17:41 ks-k8s-master-0 Etcd: Etcd Version: 3.4.13
Feb 13 16:17:41 ks-k8s-master-0 Etcd: Git SHA: ae9734ed2
Feb 13 16:17:41 ks-k8s-master-0 Etcd: Go Version: go1.12.17
Feb 13 16:17:41 ks-k8s-master-0 Etcd: Go OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Feb 13 16:17:41 ks-k8s-master-0 Etcd: setting maximum number of CPUs to 4, total number of available CPUs is 4
Feb 13 16:17:41 ks-k8s-master-0 Etcd: the server is already initialized as member before, starting as Etcd member...
Feb 13 16:17:41 ks-k8s-master-0 Etcd: unexpected TLS cipher suite "TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256"
Feb 13 16:17:42 ks-k8s-master-0 systemd: Etcd.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Feb 13 16:17:42 ks-k8s-master-0 systemd: Failed to start Etcd.
Feb 13 16:17:42 ks-k8s-master-0 systemd: Unit Etcd.service entered failed state.
Feb 13 16:17:42 ks-k8s-master-0 systemd: Etcd.service failed.
删除配置文件中的 TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256
字段,至于原因没有深入研究。
修改配置文件后,重新启动 Etcd,启动的时候命令执行没有报错。但是,启动后查看 status 有异常,且 /var/log/messages
中有如下信息
Feb 13 16:25:55 ks-k8s-master-0 systemd: Etcd.service holdoff time over, scheduling restart.
Feb 13 16:25:55 ks-k8s-master-0 systemd: Stopped Etcd.
Feb 13 16:25:55 ks-k8s-master-0 systemd: Starting Etcd...
Feb 13 16:25:55 ks-k8s-master-0 Etcd: recognized and used environment variable ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS=https://192.168.9.91:2379
Feb 13 16:25:55 ks-k8s-master-0 Etcd: [WARNING] Deprecated '--logger=capnslog' flag is set; use '--logger=zap' flag instead
Feb 13 16:25:55 ks-k8s-master-0 Etcd: [WARNING] Deprecated '--logger=capnslog' flag is set; use '--logger=zap' flag instead
Feb 13 16:25:55 ks-k8s-master-0 Etcd: recognized and used environment variable ETCD_AUTO_COMPACTION_RETENTION=8
.....(省略)
Feb 13 16:25:58 ks-k8s-master-0 systemd: Started Etcd.
Feb 13 16:25:58 ks-k8s-master-0 Etcd: serving client requests on 192.168.9.91:2379
Feb 13 16:25:58 ks-k8s-master-0 Etcd: serving client requests on 127.0.0.1:2379
Feb 13 16:25:58 ks-k8s-master-0 Etcd: accept tcp 127.0.0.1:2379: use of closed network connection
Feb 13 16:25:58 ks-k8s-master-0 systemd: Etcd.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Feb 13 16:25:58 ks-k8s-master-0 systemd: Unit Etcd.service entered failed state.
Feb 13 16:25:58 ks-k8s-master-0 systemd: Etcd.service failed.
在实际测试中遇到了两种场景都产生了类似上面的报错信息:
第一种,在多节点 Etcd 环境中,需要先修改所有节点的 Etcd 配置文件,然后,同时重启所有节点的 Etcd 服务。
第二种,Etc Cipher 参数顺序问题,不断尝试确认了最终顺序后(具体配置参考正文),反复重启的问题没有再现。
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