代码随想录Day42-图论:力扣第417m、841m、463e题

417m. 太平洋大西洋水流问题

题目链接
代码随想录文章讲解链接

方法一:

用时:1h0m58s

思路

直接找哪些点既可以到达太平洋又可以到达大西洋比较麻烦,换个角度,找到太平洋可以逆流而上到达的点,再找到大西洋可以逆流而上到达的点,两者的交集就是所需要的答案。
用两个二维数组分别记录太平洋和大西洋可以逆流而上达到的点,对边界的点使用DFS。

  • 时间复杂度: O ( m ⋅ n ) O(m \cdot n) O(mn)
  • 空间复杂度: O ( m ⋅ n ) O(m \cdot n) O(mn)
C++代码
class Solution {
private:
    int m;
    int n;

    void dfs(vector<vector<int>>& heights, vector<vector<bool>>& visited, int x, int y) {
        visited[x][y] = true;
        if (x - 1 >= 0 && !visited[x - 1][y] && heights[x - 1][y] >= heights[x][y]) dfs(heights, visited, x - 1, y);
        if (x + 1 < m && !visited[x + 1][y] && heights[x + 1][y] >= heights[x][y]) dfs(heights, visited, x + 1, y);
        if (y - 1 >= 0 && !visited[x][y - 1] && heights[x][y - 1] >= heights[x][y]) dfs(heights, visited, x, y - 1);
        if (y + 1 < n && !visited[x][y + 1] && heights[x][y + 1] >= heights[x][y]) dfs(heights, visited, x, y + 1);
    }
    
public:
    vector<vector<int>> pacificAtlantic(vector<vector<int>>& heights) {
        m = heights.size();
        n = heights[0].size();
        vector<vector<bool>> pacific(m, vector<bool>(n, false));
        vector<vector<bool>> atlantic(m, vector<bool>(n, false));
        vector<vector<int>> res;
        for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
            if (!pacific[i][0]) dfs(heights, pacific, i, 0);
            if (!atlantic[i][n - 1]) dfs(heights, atlantic, i, n - 1);
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            if (!pacific[0][i]) dfs(heights, pacific, 0, i);
            if (!atlantic[m - 1][i]) dfs(heights, atlantic, m - 1, i);
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
                if (pacific[i][j] && atlantic[i][j]) res.push_back({i, j});
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
};

方法二:BFS

用时:6m53s

思路
  • 时间复杂度: O ( m n ) O(mn) O(mn)
  • 空间复杂度: O ( m n ) O(mn) O(mn)
C++代码
class Solution {
private:
    int m;
    int n;
    int dir[4][2] = {0, 1, 0, -1, 1, 0, -1, 0};

    void bfs(vector<vector<int>>& heights, vector<vector<bool>>& visited, int x, int y) {
        queue<pair<int, int>> que;
        que.push(pair<int, int>(x, y));
        visited[x][y] = true;
        while (!que.empty()) {
            pair<int, int> tmp = que.front();
            que.pop();
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
                int nextx = tmp.first + dir[i][0];
                int nexty = tmp.second + dir[i][1];
                if (!(nextx < 0 || nextx >= m || nexty < 0 || nexty >= n) && !visited[nextx][nexty] && heights[nextx][nexty] >= heights[tmp.first][tmp.second]) {
                    visited[nextx][nexty] = true;
                    que.push(pair<int, int>(nextx, nexty));
                }
            }
        }
    }

public:
    vector<vector<int>> pacificAtlantic(vector<vector<int>>& heights) {
        m = heights.size();
        n = heights[0].size();
        vector<vector<bool>> pacific(m, vector<bool>(n, false));
        vector<vector<bool>> atlantic(m, vector<bool>(n, false));
        vector<vector<int>> res;
        for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
            if (!pacific[i][0]) bfs(heights, pacific, i, 0);
            if (!atlantic[i][n - 1]) bfs(heights, atlantic, i, n - 1);
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            if (!pacific[0][i]) bfs(heights, pacific, 0, i);
            if (!atlantic[m - 1][i]) bfs(heights, atlantic, m - 1, i);
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
                if (pacific[i][j] && atlantic[i][j]) res.push_back({i, j});
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
};

看完讲解的思考

逆流而上,真妙啊。

代码实现遇到的问题

无。


841m. 钥匙和房间

题目链接
代码随想录文章讲解链接

方法一:DFS

用时:12m21s

思路

DFS一遍,若有房间没走过则返回false。

  • 时间复杂度: O ( n ) O(n) O(n)
  • 空间复杂度: O ( n ) O(n) O(n)
C++代码
class Solution {
private:
    void dfs(vector<vector<int>>& rooms, vector<bool>& visited, int i) {
        visited[i] = true;
        for (int j = 0; j < rooms[i].size(); ++j) {
            if (!visited[rooms[i][j]]) dfs(rooms, visited, rooms[i][j]);
        }
    }

public:
    bool canVisitAllRooms(vector<vector<int>>& rooms) {
        vector<bool> visited(rooms.size(), false);
        dfs(rooms, visited, 0);
        for (int i = 0; i < rooms.size(); ++i) {
            if (!visited[i]) return false;
        }
        return true;
    }
};

方法二:BFS

用时:4m46s

思路
  • 时间复杂度: O ( n ) O(n) O(n)
  • 空间复杂度: O ( n ) O(n) O(n)
C++代码
class Solution {
public:
    bool canVisitAllRooms(vector<vector<int>>& rooms) {
        vector<bool> visited(rooms.size(), false);
        queue<int> que;

        visited[0] = true;
        que.push(0);
        while (!que.empty()) {
            int curRoom = que.front();
            que.pop();
            for (int i = 0; i < rooms[curRoom].size(); ++i) {
                if (!visited[rooms[curRoom][i]]) {
                    visited[rooms[curRoom][i]] = true;
                    que.push(rooms[curRoom][i]);
                }
            }
        }
        for (int i = 1; i < rooms.size(); ++i) {
            if (!visited[i]) return false;
        }
        return true;
    }
};

看完讲解的思考

无。

代码实现遇到的问题

无。


463e. 岛屿的周长

题目链接
代码随想录文章讲解链接

方法一:DFS

用时:7m37s

思路

在DFS的过程中,某个方向到达边界或者到达水域,则说明该方向是一条边,周长+1。

  • 时间复杂度: O ( m n ) O(mn) O(mn)
  • 空间复杂度: O ( m n ) O(mn) O(mn)
C++代码
class Solution {
private:
    int m;
    int n;
    int perimeter;

    void dfs(vector<vector<int>>& grid, int x, int y) {
        grid[x][y] = 2;
        if (x - 1 < 0 || grid[x - 1][y] == 0) ++perimeter;
        else if (grid[x - 1][y] != 2) dfs(grid, x - 1, y);
        if (x + 1 >= m || grid[x + 1][y] == 0) ++perimeter;
        else if (grid[x + 1][y] != 2) dfs(grid, x + 1, y);
        if (y - 1 < 0 || grid[x][y - 1] == 0) ++perimeter;
        else if (grid[x][y - 1] != 2) dfs(grid, x, y - 1);
        if (y + 1 >= n || grid[x][y + 1] == 0) ++perimeter;
        else if (grid[x][y + 1] != 2) dfs(grid, x, y + 1);
    }

public:
    int islandPerimeter(vector<vector<int>>& grid) {
        m = grid.size();
        n = grid[0].size();
        for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
                if (grid[i][j] == 1) {
                    dfs(grid, i, j);
                    return perimeter;
                }
            }
        }
        return perimeter;
    }
};

方法二:BFS

用时:4m55s

思路
  • 时间复杂度: O ( m n ) O(mn) O(mn)
  • 空间复杂度: O ( m n ) O(mn) O(mn)
C++代码
class Solution {
private:
    int m;
    int n;
    int perimeter;
    int dir[4][2] = {0, 1, 0, -1, 1, 0, -1, 0};

    void bfs(vector<vector<int>>& grid, int x, int y) {
        queue<pair<int, int>> que;
        grid[x][y] = 2;
        que.push(pair<int, int>(x, y));
        while (!que.empty()) {
            pair<int, int> tmp = que.front();
            que.pop();
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
                int nextx = tmp.first + dir[i][0];
                int nexty = tmp.second + dir[i][1];
                if (nextx < 0 || nextx >= m || nexty < 0 || nexty >= n || grid[nextx][nexty] == 0) ++perimeter;
                else if (grid[nextx][nexty] != 2) {
                    grid[nextx][nexty] = 2;
                    que.push(pair<int, int>(nextx, nexty));
                }
            }
        }
    }

public:
    int islandPerimeter(vector<vector<int>>& grid) {
        m = grid.size();
        n = grid[0].size();
        for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
                if (grid[i][j] == 1) {
                    bfs(grid, i, j);
                    return perimeter;
                }
            }
        }
        return perimeter;
    }
};

方法三:遍历

用时:7m11s

思路

其实直接遍历就行了,遇到陆地就判断一下四条边,根本不用dfs、bfs这么复杂…

  • 时间复杂度: O ( m n ) O(mn) O(mn)
  • 空间复杂度: O ( 1 ) O(1) O(1)
C++代码
class Solution {
public:
    int islandPerimeter(vector<vector<int>>& grid) {
        int m = grid.size();
        int n = grid[0].size();
        int perimeter = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
                if (grid[i][j] == 1) {
                    if (i - 1 < 0 || grid[i - 1][j] == 0) ++perimeter;
                    if (i + 1 >= m || grid[i + 1][j] == 0) ++perimeter;
                    if (j - 1 < 0 || grid[i][j - 1] == 0) ++perimeter;
                    if (j + 1 >= n || grid[i][j + 1] == 0) ++perimeter;
                }
            }
        }
        return perimeter;
    }
};

看完讲解的思考

无。

代码实现遇到的问题

无。


最后的碎碎念

一刷倒数第二天!

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