驱动基石之异步通知

异步通知的流程

驱动基石之异步通知_第1张图片
重点从②开始:
② APP 给 SIGIO 这个信号注册信号处理函数 func,以后 APP 收到 SIGIO
信号时,这个函数会被自动调用;
③ 把 APP 的 PID(进程 ID)告诉驱动程序,这个调用不涉及驱动程序,在内
核的文件系统层次记录 PID;
④ 读取驱动程序文件 Flag;
⑤ 设置 Flag 里面的 FASYNC 位为 1:当 FASYNC 位发生变化时,会导致驱
动程序的 fasync 被调用;
⑥⑦ 调 用 faync_helper , 它 会 根 据 FAYSNC 的 值 决 定 是 否 设 置
button_async->fa_file=驱动文件 filp:
驱动文件 filp 结构体里面含有之前设置的 PID。
⑧ APP 可以做其他事;
⑨⑩ 按下按键,发生中断,驱动程序的中断服务程序被调用,里面调用
kill_fasync 发信号;
⑪⑫⑬ APP 收到信号后,它的信号处理函数被自动调用,可以在里面调用
read 函数读取按键。

上述是韦东山老师的笔记,大概简描下流程就是:
APP程序(进程)给要接受的信号注册一个信号处理函数,APP程序也要将自己的进程号告诉驱动程序,通过设置FASYNC 位来使启动程序的fasync 函数被调用。fasync 函数里调用fasync_helper 函数来设置指针 button_fasync(自己定义的struct fasync_struct类型的指针),fasync_helper 函数的简要 作用:

驱动基石之异步通知_第2张图片
**注意:**一定要设置FASYNC 位有效(想当于异步通知的开关)。
然后在按键中断处理函数里调用kill_fasync 函数去发送信号。app程序正在运行,如果有按键按下则按键中断处理函数会发送信号给app,然后app跳转信号处理函数执行。

代码

驱动程序代码

#include 
#include 

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#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
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#include 
#include 

struct gpio_key{
	int gpio;
	struct gpio_desc *gpiod;
	int flag;
	int irq;
} ;

static struct gpio_key *gpio_keys_100ask;

/* 主设备号                                                                 */
static int major = 0;
static struct class *gpio_key_class;

/* 环形缓冲区 */
#define BUF_LEN 128
static int g_keys[BUF_LEN];
static int r, w;

struct fasync_struct *button_fasync;

#define NEXT_POS(x) ((x+1) % BUF_LEN)

static int is_key_buf_empty(void)
{
	return (r == w);
}

static int is_key_buf_full(void)
{
	return (r == NEXT_POS(w));
}

static void put_key(int key)
{
	if (!is_key_buf_full())
	{
		g_keys[w] = key;
		w = NEXT_POS(w);
	}
}

static int get_key(void)
{
	int key = 0;
	if (!is_key_buf_empty())
	{
		key = g_keys[r];
		r = NEXT_POS(r);
	}
	return key;
}


static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(gpio_key_wait);

/* 实现对应的open/read/write等函数,填入file_operations结构体                   */
static ssize_t gpio_key_drv_read (struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *offset)
{
	//printk("%s %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
	int err;
	int key;
	
	wait_event_interruptible(gpio_key_wait, !is_key_buf_empty());
	key = get_key();
	err = copy_to_user(buf, &key, 4);
	
	return 4;
}

static unsigned int gpio_key_drv_poll(struct file *fp, poll_table * wait)
{
	printk("%s %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
	poll_wait(fp, &gpio_key_wait, wait);
	return is_key_buf_empty() ? 0 : POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
}

static int gpio_key_drv_fasync(int fd, struct file *file, int on)
{
	if (fasync_helper(fd, file, on, &button_fasync) >= 0)
		return 0;
	else
		return -EIO;
}


/* 定义自己的file_operations结构体                                              */
static struct file_operations gpio_key_drv = {
	.owner	 = THIS_MODULE,
	.read    = gpio_key_drv_read,
	.poll    = gpio_key_drv_poll,
	.fasync  = gpio_key_drv_fasync,
};


static irqreturn_t gpio_key_isr(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
	struct gpio_key *gpio_key = dev_id;
	int val;
	int key;
	
	val = gpiod_get_value(gpio_key->gpiod);
	

	printk("key %d %d\n", gpio_key->gpio, val);
	key = (gpio_key->gpio << 8) | val;
	put_key(key);
	wake_up_interruptible(&gpio_key_wait);
	kill_fasync(&button_fasync, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
	
	return IRQ_HANDLED;
}

/* 1. 从platform_device获得GPIO
 * 2. gpio=>irq
 * 3. request_irq
 */
static int gpio_key_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
	int err;
	struct device_node *node = pdev->dev.of_node;
	int count;
	int i;
	enum of_gpio_flags flag;
		
	printk("%s %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);

	count = of_gpio_count(node);
	if (!count)
	{
		printk("%s %s line %d, there isn't any gpio available\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
		return -1;
	}

	gpio_keys_100ask = kzalloc(sizeof(struct gpio_key) * count, GFP_KERNEL);
	for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
	{
		gpio_keys_100ask[i].gpio = of_get_gpio_flags(node, i, &flag);
		if (gpio_keys_100ask[i].gpio < 0)
		{
			printk("%s %s line %d, of_get_gpio_flags fail\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
			return -1;
		}
		gpio_keys_100ask[i].gpiod = gpio_to_desc(gpio_keys_100ask[i].gpio);
		gpio_keys_100ask[i].flag = flag & OF_GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW;
		gpio_keys_100ask[i].irq  = gpio_to_irq(gpio_keys_100ask[i].gpio);
	}

	for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
	{
		err = request_irq(gpio_keys_100ask[i].irq, gpio_key_isr, IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING | IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "100ask_gpio_key", &gpio_keys_100ask[i]);
	}

	/* 注册file_operations 	*/
	major = register_chrdev(0, "100ask_gpio_key", &gpio_key_drv);  /* /dev/gpio_key */

	gpio_key_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "100ask_gpio_key_class");
	if (IS_ERR(gpio_key_class)) {
		printk("%s %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
		unregister_chrdev(major, "100ask_gpio_key");
		return PTR_ERR(gpio_key_class);
	}

	device_create(gpio_key_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "100ask_gpio_key"); /* /dev/100ask_gpio_key */
        
    return 0;
    
}

static int gpio_key_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
	//int err;
	struct device_node *node = pdev->dev.of_node;
	int count;
	int i;

	device_destroy(gpio_key_class, MKDEV(major, 0));
	class_destroy(gpio_key_class);
	unregister_chrdev(major, "100ask_gpio_key");

	count = of_gpio_count(node);
	for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
	{
		free_irq(gpio_keys_100ask[i].irq, &gpio_keys_100ask[i]);
	}
	kfree(gpio_keys_100ask);
    return 0;
}


static const struct of_device_id ask100_keys[] = {
    { .compatible = "100ask,gpio_key" },
    { },
};

/* 1. 定义platform_driver */
static struct platform_driver gpio_keys_driver = {
    .probe      = gpio_key_probe,
    .remove     = gpio_key_remove,
    .driver     = {
        .name   = "100ask_gpio_key",
        .of_match_table = ask100_keys,
    },
};

/* 2. 在入口函数注册platform_driver */
static int __init gpio_key_init(void)
{
    int err;
    
	printk("%s %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
	
    err = platform_driver_register(&gpio_keys_driver); 
	
	return err;
}

/* 3. 有入口函数就应该有出口函数:卸载驱动程序时,就会去调用这个出口函数
 *     卸载platform_driver
 */
static void __exit gpio_key_exit(void)
{
	printk("%s %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);

    platform_driver_unregister(&gpio_keys_driver);
}


/* 7. 其他完善:提供设备信息,自动创建设备节点                                     */

module_init(gpio_key_init);`在这里插入代码片`
module_exit(gpio_key_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");



应用程序代码


#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

static int fd;
static void sig_func(int sig)
{
	int val;
	read(fd, &val, 4);
	printf("get button : 0x%x\n", val);
}

/*
 * ./button_test /dev/100ask_button0
 *
 */
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int val;
	struct pollfd fds[1];
	int timeout_ms = 5000;
	int ret;
	int	flags;
	
	/* 1. 判断参数 */
	if (argc != 2) 
	{
		printf("Usage: %s \n", argv[0]);
		return -1;
	}

	signal(SIGIO, sig_func);

	/* 2. 打开文件 */
	fd = open(argv[1], O_RDWR);
	if (fd == -1)
	{
		printf("can not open file %s\n", argv[1]);
		return -1;
	}

	fcntl(fd, F_SETOWN, getpid());
	flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);
	fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags | FASYNC);

	while (1)
	{
		printf("www.100ask.net \n");
		sleep(2);
	}
	
	close(fd);
	
	return 0;
}



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