1)要保证同步服务期间之间的网络联通。即能相互ping通,能使用对方授权信息连接到对方数据库(防火墙开放3306端口)。
2)关闭selinux。
3)同步前,双方数据库中需要同步的数据要保持一致。这样,同步环境实现后,再次更新的数据就会如期同步了。如果主库是新库,忽略此步。
mkdir -p /usr/local/docker/mysqlMS
cd /usr/local/docker/mysqlMS
version: '3.3'
services:
# 服务名, 主节点
mysql-master:
# 容器名
container_name: mysql-master
# mysql 镜像
image: mysql:5.7.31
restart: always
# 暴露端口号: 宿主机端口:容器内端口号
ports:
- 8306:3306
privileged: true
# 按照路径挂载目录: 日志、配置文件、数据
volumes:
- $PWD/msql-master/volumes/log:/var/log/mysql
- $PWD/msql-master/volumes/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf
- $PWD/msql-master/volumes/data:/var/lib/mysql
# 环境变量: mysql密码
environment:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: "123456"
command: [
'--character-set-server=utf8mb4',
'--collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci',
'--max_connections=3000'
]
# 使用的网卡
networks:
- myweb
# 从节点
mysql-slave:
container_name: mysql-slave
image: mysql:5.7.31
restart: always
ports:
- 8307:3306
privileged: true
volumes:
- $PWD/msql-slave/volumes/log:/var/log/mysql
- $PWD/msql-slave/volumes/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf
- $PWD/msql-slave/volumes/data:/var/lib/mysql
environment:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: "123456"
command: [
'--character-set-server=utf8mb4',
'--collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci',
'--max_connections=3000'
]
networks:
- myweb
# 配置网卡
networks:
# 使用网卡,桥接模式
myweb:
driver: bridge
vim msql-master/volumes/conf/my.cnf
[mysqld]
#D,默认是1,一般取IP最后一段
server-id=1
# [必须]启用二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin
# 复制过滤:也就是指定哪个数据库不用同步(mysql库一般不同步)# 确保binlog日志写入后与硬盘同步
sync_binlog = 1
# 跳过所有的错误,继续执行复制操作
slave-skip-errors = all
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
# 设置需要同步的数据库 binlog_do_db = 数据库名;
# 如果是多个同步库,就以此格式另写几行即可。
# 如果不指明对某个具体库同步,表示同步所有库。除了binlog-ignore-db设置的忽略的库
# binlog_do_db = test #需要同步test数据库。
vim msql-slave/volumes/conf/my.cnf
[mysqld]
#D,默认是1,一般取IP最后一段
server-id=2
# 如果想实现 主-从(主)-从 这样的链条式结构,需要设置:
# log-slave-updates 只有加上它,从前一台机器上同步过来的数据才能同步到下一台机器。
# 设置需要同步的数据库,主服务器上不限定数据库,在从服务器上限定replicate-do-db = 数据库名;
# 如果不指明同步哪些库,就去掉这行,表示所有库的同步(除了ignore忽略的库)。
# replicate-do-db = test;
# 不同步test数据库 可以写多个例如 binlog-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
## 开启二进制日志功能,以备Slave作为其它Slave的Master时使用
log-bin=mysql-bin
log-bin-index=mysql-bin.index
## relay_log配置中继日志
#relay_log=edu-mysql-relay-bin
## 还可以设置一个log保存周期:
#expire_logs_days=14
# 跳过所有的错误,继续执行复制操作
slave-skip-errors = all
root@haima-PC:/usr/local/docker/mysqlMM# docker-compose up -d
Creating network "mysqlms_myweb" with driver "bridge"
Creating mysql-master ... done
Creating mysql-slave ... done
从上面的信息里获取服务创建的网络名称mysqlms_myweb
docker network inspect mysqlms_myweb
查到结果
mysql-master ip为192.168.112.3
mysql-slave ip为192.168.112.2
docker exec -it mysql-master bash
mysql -uroot -p123456
#查看server_id是否生效
mysql> show variables like '%server_id%';
+----------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------+-------+
| server_id | 1 |
| server_id_bits | 32 |
+----------------+-------+
#看master信息 File 和 Position 从服务上要用
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000005 | 154 | | mysql | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#开权限
mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'slave'@'%' identified by "123456";
mysql> flush privileges;
docker exec -it mysql-slave bash
mysql -uroot -p123456
#查看server_id是否生效
mysql> show variables like '%server_id%';
+----------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------+-------+
| server_id | 2 |
| server_id_bits | 32 |
+----------------+-------+
# 连接主mysql服务 master_log_file 和 master_log_pos的值要填写主master里查出来的值
change master to master_host='192.168.112.3',master_user='slave',master_password='123456',master_port=3306,master_log_file='mysql-bin.000005', master_log_pos=154,master_connect_retry=30;
#启动slave
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.112.3
Master_User: slave
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 30
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 617
Relay_Log_File: 7fee2f1fd5d2-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 783
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 617
Relay_Log_Space: 997
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: 8f6e9f5a-61f4-11eb-ac84-0242c0a86002
Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
**master_port**:Master的端口号,指的是容器的端口号
**master_user**:用于数据同步的用户
**master_password**:用于同步的用户的密码
**master_log_file**:指定 Slave 从哪个日志文件开始复制数据,即上文中提到的 File 字段的值
**master_log_pos**:从哪个 Position 开始读,即上文中提到的 Position 字段的值
**master_connect_retry**:如果连接失败,重试的时间间隔,单位是秒,默认是60秒
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
在从服务器slave上操作
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%read_only%'; #查看只读状态
SET GLOBAL super_read_only=1; #super权限的用户只读状态 1.只读 0:可写
SET GLOBAL read_only=1; #普通权限用户读状态 1.只读 0:可写
从服务器上的常用操作
stop slave;
start slave;
show slave status;
参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/smallfa/p/15183605.html