The Political Thought in Philosophy
哲学中的政治思想
According to Confucianism, the daily task of dealing with social affairs in human relations is not something alien to the sage.
按照儒家思想，圣人并不以处理日常事务为苦。
Carrying on this task is the very essence of the development of the perfection of his personality.
正是在这些世俗事务之中陶冶性情，使人培养自己以求得圣人的品格。
He performs it not only as a citizen of society, but also as a "citizen of the universe;” t'ien min as Mencius called it.
他把处世为人看作不仅是国民的职责，而且如孟子所说，把它看为是“天民”的职责。
He must be conscious of his being a citizen of the universe, otherwise his deeds would not have super-moral value.
人而成为“天民”，必须是自觉的，否则，他的所作所为，就不可能具有超越道德的价值。
If he had the chance to become a king he would gladly serve the people, thus performing his duty both as a citizen of society, and as a citizen of the universe.
如果他因缘际会，成为国君，他会诚意正心去做，因为这不仅是事人，也是事天。
Since what is discussed in philosophy is the Tao (Way) of sageliness within and kingliness without, it follows that philosophy must be inseparable from political thought.
既然哲学所探讨的是内圣外王之道，它自然难以脱离政治。
Regardless of the differences between the schools of Chinese philosophy, the philosophy of every school represents, at the same time, its political thought.
在中国哲学里，无论哪派哲学，其哲学思想必然也就是它的政治思想。
This does not mean that in the various schools of philosophy there are no metaphysics, no ethics, no logic.
这不是说，中国各派哲学里没有形而上学、伦理学或逻辑。
It means only that all these factors are connected with political thought in one way or another, just as Plato's Republic represents his whole philosophy and at the same time is his political thought.
而是说，它们都以不同形式与政治思想联系在一起，正如柏拉图的《理想国》既代表了柏拉图的全部哲学，又同时就是他的政治思想。
For instance, the School of Names was known to indulge in such arguments as "a white horse is not a horse;" which seems to have very little connection with politics.
举例来说，名家所辩论的“白马非马”，似乎与政治毫不相干，
Yet the leader of this school, Kung-sun Lung, "wished to extend this kind of argument to rectify the relationship between names and facts in order to transform the world."
但名家代表人物公孙龙”欲推是辩，以正名实，而化天下焉”（《公孙龙子·迹府》）。
We have seen in our world today how every statesman says his country wants only peace, but in fact, when he is talking about peace, he is often preparing for war.
在今日世界，政治家们个个都标榜他的国家一心追求和平，事实上，我们不难看到，有的一面侈谈和平，一面就在准备战争。
Here, then, there is a wrong relationship between names and facts.
这就是名实不符。
According to Kung-sun Lung, this kind of wrong relationship should be rectified.
按公孙龙的意见，这种名实不符应当纠正。
This is really the first step towards the transformation of the world.
的确，要改变世界，这就是需要加以改变的第一步。
From YLYK《中国哲学的故事》专辑S01E21