Android RecyclerView源码分析

RecyclerView及相关类类图

Android RecyclerView源码分析_第1张图片

首先从构造函数开始

public RecyclerView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
        ......

        setScrollContainer(true);
        setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
        final int version = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
        mPostUpdatesOnAnimation = version >= 16;

        final ViewConfiguration vc = ViewConfiguration.get(context);
        mTouchSlop = vc.getScaledTouchSlop();
        mMinFlingVelocity = vc.getScaledMinimumFlingVelocity();
        mMaxFlingVelocity = vc.getScaledMaximumFlingVelocity();
        setWillNotDraw(getOverScrollMode() == View.OVER_SCROLL_NEVER);

        mItemAnimator.setListener(mItemAnimatorListener);
        initAdapterManager();
        initChildrenHelper();

        ......

        if (attrs != null) {
            int defStyleRes = 0;
            TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.RecyclerView,
                    defStyle, defStyleRes);
            String layoutManagerName = a.getString(R.styleable.RecyclerView_layoutManager);
            int descendantFocusability = a.getInt(
                    R.styleable.RecyclerView_android_descendantFocusability, -1);
            if (descendantFocusability == -1) {
                setDescendantFocusability(ViewGroup.FOCUS_AFTER_DESCENDANTS);
            }
            a.recycle();
            createLayoutManager(context, layoutManagerName, attrs, defStyle, defStyleRes);

            .....
        } else {
            setDescendantFocusability(ViewGroup.FOCUS_AFTER_DESCENDANTS);
        }

        // Re-set whether nested scrolling is enabled so that it is set on all API levels
        setNestedScrollingEnabled(nestedScrollingEnabled);
    }

其中的initAdapterManager,initChildrenHelper分别初始化了AdapterHelper和ChildHelper。

通过反射创建LayoutManager

private void createLayoutManager(Context context, String className, AttributeSet attrs,
            int defStyleAttr, int defStyleRes) {
        if (className != null) {
            className = className.trim();
            if (className.length() != 0) {  // Can't use isEmpty since it was added in API 9.
                className = getFullClassName(context, className);
                try {
                    ClassLoader classLoader;
                    if (isInEditMode()) {
                        // Stupid layoutlib cannot handle simple class loaders.
                        classLoader = this.getClass().getClassLoader();
                    } else {
                        classLoader = context.getClassLoader();
                    }
                    Class layoutManagerClass =
                            classLoader.loadClass(className).asSubclass(LayoutManager.class);
                    Constructorextends LayoutManager> constructor;
                    Object[] constructorArgs = null;
                    try {
                        constructor = layoutManagerClass
                                .getConstructor(LAYOUT_MANAGER_CONSTRUCTOR_SIGNATURE);
                        constructorArgs = new Object[]{context, attrs, defStyleAttr, defStyleRes};
                    } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                        try {
                            constructor = layoutManagerClass.getConstructor();
                        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e1) {
                            e1.initCause(e);
                            throw new IllegalStateException(attrs.getPositionDescription() +
                                    ": Error creating LayoutManager " + className, e1);
                        }
                    }
                    constructor.setAccessible(true);
                    setLayoutManager(constructor.newInstance(constructorArgs));
                }
                ......
            }
        }
    }

创建完成后会调用setLayoutManager将其赋值给mLayout,并通过mLayout.setRecyclerView(this);与RecyclerView互相引用

public void setLayoutManager(LayoutManager layout) {
        if (layout == mLayout) {
            return;
        }

        ......

        mLayout = layout;
        if (layout != null) {
            if (layout.mRecyclerView != null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("LayoutManager " + layout +
                        " is already attached to a RecyclerView: " + layout.mRecyclerView);
            }
            mLayout.setRecyclerView(this);
            if (mIsAttached) {
                mLayout.dispatchAttachedToWindow(this);
            }
        }
        requestLayout();
    }

初始化LayoutManager后,开始重要的一步setAdapter

public void setAdapter(Adapter adapter) {
        // bail out if layout is frozen
        setLayoutFrozen(false);
        setAdapterInternal(adapter, false, true);
        requestLayout();
    }

首先解除frozen状态。
其次通过setAdapterInternal重置mAdapter。

private void setAdapterInternal(Adapter adapter, boolean compatibleWithPrevious,
            boolean removeAndRecycleViews) {
        if (mAdapter != null) {
            mAdapter.unregisterAdapterDataObserver(mObserver);
            mAdapter.onDetachedFromRecyclerView(this);
        }
        ......

        mAdapterHelper.reset();
        final Adapter oldAdapter = mAdapter;
        mAdapter = adapter;
        if (adapter != null) {
            adapter.registerAdapterDataObserver(mObserver);
            adapter.onAttachedToRecyclerView(this);
        }
        if (mLayout != null) {
            mLayout.onAdapterChanged(oldAdapter, mAdapter);
        }
        mRecycler.onAdapterChanged(oldAdapter, mAdapter, compatibleWithPrevious);
        mState.mStructureChanged = true;
        markKnownViewsInvalid();
    }
  • 取消对mObserver的订阅,并回调onDetachedFromRecyclerView方法
  • 清除原有数据
  • 重新给mAdapter赋值并订阅mObserver的通知,并调用相应回调

调用requestLayout进行重新布局后setAdapter完成。

Adapter

抽象类Adapter中关联了类型为AdapterDataObservable的对象mObservable,以及定义了抽象方法onCreateViewHolder,onBindViewHolder,getItemCount需子类进行实现。Adapter中的notify系列方法最终将事件转发到mObservable进行回调。

AdapterDataObservable
继承自Observable并实现了用于通知订阅者数据变化的一系列方法,如notifyChanged,notifyItemRangeChanged等.
RecyclerViewDataObserver继承自AdapterDataObservable,当setAdapter时也需将其实例注册到新的Adapter中以监听数据变化。

onViewRecycled(VH holder)
当ViewHolder被回收时调用,在此方法中可用来清理类似Bitmap等对象及时释放内存

register/unregister AdapterDataObserver(AdapterDataObserver observer)
Register/Unregister对于数据变化的监听

ViewHolder

ViewHolder中保存了列表元素的itemView、position等信息并定义了一些列FLAG。
其中的mOwnerRecyclerView变量保存RecyclerView的引用,getAdapterPosition()方法直接从中获取数据。

getAdapterPosition,getLayoutPosition
从注解的说明中可知其差别主要在于从元素添加到Adapter到重新layout之间会有一些偏差
getAdapterPosition获取的是当前holder在Adapter中的position,而getLayoutPosition返回的是当前holder在最后一次布局完成后所处的adapter的位置。
个人理解是getAdapterPosition是获取实时数据,与当前AdapterHelper中的数据相符。而getLayoutPosition是获取mPreLayoutPosition的值,与目前显示相符。大多数情况下使用getLayoutPosition。

Recycler

Recycler用来管理和复用scrapped或detached状态的元素。Recycler的核心工作即为通过多级缓存,存取holder.
Recycler中的缓存分为以下几级:
ArrayList mChangedScrap
ArrayList mAttachedScrap
ArrayList mCachedViews
ViewCacheExtension mViewCacheExtension(optional)
RecycledViewPool mRecyclerPool

Recycler中的getViewForPosition为用来查找指定position对应的View的根方法,查找view的过程其实就是查找ViewHolder的过程。
其中从第二步以后,就需要使用Adapter的getItemViewType方法得到ViewType,并根据type联合查询对应的holder。
各缓存的调用级别如下:

1.如果PreLayout中,查找mChangedScrap中是否含有指定位置的holder

if (mState.isPreLayout()) {
                holder = getChangedScrapViewForPosition(position);
                fromScrap = holder != null;
            }

2.从mAttachedScrap、mCachedViews中查找是否有指定位置的holder

if (holder == null) {
                holder = getScrapViewForPosition(position, INVALID_TYPE, dryRun);
                ......
            }

3.如果设置的了ItemId,依然从mAttachedScrap、mCachedViews中获取数据,通过ItemId和type

if (mAdapter.hasStableIds()) {
                    holder = getScrapViewForId(mAdapter.getItemId(offsetPosition), type, dryRun);
                    ....
                }

4.若mViewCacheExtension不为null,通过position和type尝试从其中获取View,并找到对应holder

if (holder == null && mViewCacheExtension != null) {
                    // We are NOT sending the offsetPosition because LayoutManager does not
                    // know it.
                    final View view = mViewCacheExtension
                            .getViewForPositionAndType(this, position, type);
                    if (view != null) {
                        holder = getChildViewHolder(view);
                        ......
                    }
                }

5.从RecycledViewPool中根据type查找是否有对应holder

if (holder == null) { // fallback to recycler
                    ......
                    holder = getRecycledViewPool().getRecycledView(type);
                    if (holder != null) {
                        holder.resetInternal();
                        if (FORCE_INVALIDATE_DISPLAY_LIST) {
                            invalidateDisplayListInt(holder);
                        }
                    }
                }

6.若当前各级缓存中都没有合适的holder,调用Adapter的createViewHolder进行创建

if (holder == null) {
                    holder = mAdapter.createViewHolder(RecyclerView.this, type);
                }

RecycledViewPool

RecycledViewPool可以通过RecyclerView的setRecycledViewPool(RecycledViewPool)让多个RecyclerView共享同一个RecycledViewPool以达到更好的资源复用
其中保存ViewHolder的方式是通过ViewType与ArrayList一一对应。
即在其中每个ViewType可以存储max个该类型的ViewHolder,max默认为5,也可由用户设置

LayoutManager

LayoutManager负责计算各个View并进行布局,当View的可见状态变化时处理资源的回收和再利用。
系统提供了3个实现类分别为GridLayoutManager,LinearLayoutManager,StaggeredGridLayoutManager。

ItemDecoration

列表元素的装饰类,通过RecyclerView#addItemDecoration(ItemDecoration decor)添加。使用了装饰模式,通过重写onDraw和onDrawOver方法,在Item的绘制前和绘制后添加自定义内容绘制到Canvas上.

RecyclerView中draw,onDraw源码

@Override
    public void draw(Canvas c) {
        super.draw(c);

        final int count = mItemDecorations.size();
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            mItemDecorations.get(i).onDrawOver(c, this, mState);
        }
        ......
    }

    @Override
    public void onDraw(Canvas c) {
        super.onDraw(c);

        final int count = mItemDecorations.size();
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            mItemDecorations.get(i).onDraw(c, this, mState);
        }
    }

总结、优化

RecyclerView通过良好的结构定义实现了高度的可定制化列表。多级缓存以及ViewPool都是可以针对业务优化的点。

  • 最基本的多个RecyclerView实例共用一个RecycledViewPool即可一定程度复用已有元素。
  • 通过setItemViewCacheSize调整缓存元素的个数,即空间换时间
  • 创建自定义ViewCacheExtension,其调用时机在RecycledViewPool之前。

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