2019-02-18
最近两个礼拜读完了head first java，但是实例没来得及实践，所以开坑学习实例。
游戏截图：
image.png
image.png
游戏介绍：在7*7(即49块)地图中随机生成3组DotCom，每一组是连续的三块区域，用户通过猜测坐标来达到击沉DotCom的目的，kill全部三组DotCom后，游戏结束。
游戏设计
- DotCom类——一组DotCom该如何存放，DotCom类中该有哪些状态和行动
- DotCom每一组都要有个名字——Name
- 每一组都占三块空间，所以需要ArrayList来存放——ArrayList
locationCells - 需要一个函数实现用户输入的猜测与ArrayList中的三块空间进行比对—— checkYourself()
- DotComBust类——开始游戏+进行游戏+结束游戏
- 建立对象并初始化＋生成地图——setUpGame()
- 主循环体＋读入玩家猜测的字符＋判断字符匹配度——startPlaying()+checkUserGuess()
- 结束游戏——finishGame()
- GameHelper类——读入用户输入+创建7*7的棋盘
- getUserInput()
- placeDotCom()
主要代码
1. DotCom.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class DotCom {
private String nameString; //这一组达康的名字
private ArrayList locationCells; //一组达康的三块位置坐标
public void setName(String n) //名字的setter
{
nameString = n;
}
public void setLocationCells(ArrayList loc) //坐标的setter
{
locationCells = loc;
}
public String checkYourself(String userInput) //startGame函数调用的函数
{
String result = "miss";
int index = locationCells.indexOf(userInput);
if(index >=0) { //只有index大于0才能往下走，否则判别为无击中
locationCells.remove(index);
if(locationCells.isEmpty())
{result = "kill";
System.out.print("OHHHHHH! You sunk" + " "+nameString+" " );
}
else
result = "hit";
}
return result;
}
}
2.DotComBust.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class DotComBust {
//声明变量
//【注：变量采用私有更加安全】
private GameHelper helper = new GameHelper();
private ArrayList dotComList = new ArrayList();
private int numOfGuesses = 0;
//声明方法
public void setUpGame()//生成地图
{
DotCom a1 = new DotCom();
a1.setName("SaMuLuo1");
dotComList.add(a1);
DotCom a2 = new DotCom();
a2.setName("SaMuLuo2");
dotComList.add(a2);
DotCom a3 = new DotCom();
a3.setName("SaMuLuo3");
dotComList.add(a3);
//【注：loc要定义成DotCom类型才能从dotComList取出元素】
for(DotCom loc:dotComList)
{
//【注：这里是要先生成一个三连的位置，然后将位置传入loc所引用的ArrayList中】
ArrayList newlocationArrayList = helper.placeDotCom(3);
loc.setLocationCells(newlocationArrayList);
}
}
public void startPlaying()//主循环，读入数字判断效果,调用后面写的函数
{
while (!dotComList.isEmpty()) {
String userGuessString = helper.getUserInput("Enter a guess");
checkUserGuess(userGuessString);
}
finishGame();
}
public void checkUserGuess(String userGuess)//主循环中的函数，为增加可读性所以另起声明
{
numOfGuesses++;
String result = "miss";
for(DotCom dotComTest : dotComList)
{
result = dotComTest.checkYourself(userGuess);
if(result.equals("hit"))
break;
if(result.equals("kill"))
{
dotComList.remove(dotComTest);
break;
}
}
System.out.print(result+'\n');
}
public void finishGame()//结束游戏并计算分数
{
System.out.println("All Dot Coms are dead! Your stock is now worthless");
if (numOfGuesses <= 18) {
System.out.println("It only took you " + numOfGuesses + " guesses");
System.out.println("You got out before your options sank.");
}
else
{
System.out.println("Took you long enough. " + numOfGuesses + " guesses.");
System.out.println("Fish are dancing with your options.");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
DotComBust gameCom = new DotComBust();
gameCom.setUpGame();
gameCom.startPlaying();
}
}
3.GameHelper.java
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
public class GameHelper {
private static final String alphabet = "abcdefg";
private int gridLength = 7;
private int gridSize = 49;
private int [] grid = new int[gridSize];
private int comCount = 0;
public String getUserInput(String prompt) {
String inputLine = null;
System.out.print(prompt + " ");
try {
BufferedReader is = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(System.in));
inputLine = is.readLine();
if (inputLine.length() == 0 ) return null;
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("IOException: " + e);
}
return inputLine.toLowerCase();
}
public ArrayList placeDotCom(int comSize) { // line 19
ArrayList alphaCells = new ArrayList();
String [] alphacoords = new String [comSize]; // holds 'f6' type coords
String temp = null; // temporary String for concat
int [] coords = new int[comSize]; // current candidate coords
int attempts = 0; // current attempts counter
boolean success = false; // flag = found a good location ?
int location = 0; // current starting location
comCount++; // nth dot com to place
int incr = 1; // set horizontal increment
if ((comCount % 2) == 1) { // if odd dot com (place vertically)
incr = gridLength; // set vertical increment
}
while ( !success & attempts++ < 200 ) { // main search loop (32)
location = (int) (Math.random() * gridSize); // get random starting point
//System.out.print(" try " + location);
int x = 0; // nth position in dotcom to place
success = true; // assume success
while (success && x < comSize) { // look for adjacent unused spots
if (grid[location] == 0) { // if not already used
coords[x++] = location; // save location
location += incr; // try 'next' adjacent
if (location >= gridSize){ // out of bounds - 'bottom'
success = false; // failure
}
if (x>0 & (location % gridLength == 0)) { // out of bounds - right edge
success = false; // failure
}
} else { // found already used location
// System.out.print(" used " + location);
success = false; // failure
}
}
} // end while
int x = 0; // turn good location into alpha coords
int row = 0;
int column = 0;
// System.out.println("\n");
while (x < comSize) {
grid[coords[x]] = 1; // mark master grid pts. as 'used'
row = (int) (coords[x] / gridLength); // get row value
column = coords[x] % gridLength; // get numeric column value
temp = String.valueOf(alphabet.charAt(column)); // convert to alpha
alphaCells.add(temp.concat(Integer.toString(row)));
x++;
// System.out.print(" coord "+x+" = " + alphaCells.get(x-1));
}
// System.out.println("\n");
return alphaCells;
}
}
总结
通过这个程序，对ArrayList有了一个初步的认识，对于程序设计也有了一些见解。接着就是要学会融会贯通，加入自己的功能进去或者优化代码。