2020-07-02

形容词和副词充当的成分

  • 形容词:表语,定语

  • 副词:

    • ​ 修饰实义动词 he cried sadly
    • ​ 修饰形容词 he looks especially sad
    • ​ 修饰副词 he cried rather sadly
    • ​ 修饰句子 actually, he cries

状语

  1. 状语就是在一句话中,修饰实义动词,形容词,副词或者整个句子

    状语在一句话中,除了名词不能修饰,都可以修饰

  2. 状语的成分

    • 副词
    • 介词短语做状语 she cried sadly like a boy losing his toy
    • 非谓语动词做状语 she cried , sitting there
    • 从句作状语 she cried when she sat there

    状语从句

    • 引导词的分类

    • 按照引导词本身的意思分类,一共分为九类

      一. 时间状语从句
      • when = while = as 当什么时候

        当while 翻译成当什么什么时候 while 后面必须进行时态

      • before 在什么之前

      • after 在什么之后

      • since 自从

        只要一句话带自从,主句一定完成式

        i hvae fallen in love with you ,since i meet you

      • the moment = as soon as 一...就

      • by the time 直到...为止

      • until 直到...才

      • not ...until 直到...才

    • 状语的时态

      • when love comes, i will hold her hands (主将从现)

        在所有的状语从句中,主句和从句的动作都尚未发生,主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时

      • when love came , i failed to hold her hands

    • 区别 until 和 not...until

      • i will wait here until you come.
      • i will not leave until you come.

      看主句的谓语动词是瞬间动词,还是延续性动词

      如果是延续性动词,就用 until

      如果是个瞬间动词,就用 not until

    • when 引导的时间状语从句省略

      • when i was a kid , i enjoyed singing songs

        when 时间状语, 如果主句的和从句的主语一致,并且从句的谓语有be ,此时从句主语和be 可以省略

      二. 地点状语从句
      • where

        • the kind of tress grow well in mosit palces
        • the kind of tress grow well where it mosit

        做地点状语通常都是介词短语,很少是从句

      三. 原因状语从句

      因为

      引导词

      • because
      • as
      • since
      • in that
      • seeing that
      • considering that
      • now that
      • given that

      连词

      for

      介词短语 + n/ doing

      • because of
      • due to
      • owing to
      • thanks to
      • for the sake of
      • as a result of
    • he had a car accident because he was careless // 引导句子

    • he had a car accident for he was careless // 链接两个句子

    • he had a car accident because of his carelessness //后面加名词

    四. 目的状语从句

    动词不定式

    • to + v

    • in order to +v

    • so as to +v

    引导词

    • so that 表示目的放在句末不放在句首
  • in order that

    we will ascend higher in order to overlooke farther/further

    we will ascend higher in order that we overlooke farther/further

    五. 结果状语从句

    如此以至于

    • so...that so + adj / adv

      it feels so hot today that i wear my dress

      my mather proves so kind that she is respected by all colleague

      so...that == very + adj/adv

      作文只要见到形容词或者副词的时候,都可以写成so...that

    • such..that such + n

    六. 让步状语从句

    虽然

    • although

      raising pets can cultivate the loving heart of kids although they might be injurious to their family or neightbors

    • though

    • even though

    • even if

    • as // 引导让步状语从句,从句的表语可以放在句首,构成部分倒装

      ugly as i seem , i keep gentle

    • while // 翻译成虽然尽管只能放在句首,不能句中 , 翻译 但是 连词
      七. 方式状语从句

    引导词 (好像似乎)

    • as

    • the way

    • as if/ thought

    介词+n/doing

    • by

    • through

    • by means of

    • in...way/manner

八. 方式状语从句

引导词(如果)

  • suppose that
  • supposing that
  • if
  • unless(只要)
  • provided that
  • as long as
  • so long as
  • so long as there is a litte hope , i will never give up

九.比较状语从句

  • as.. as...+ 句子 原级的比较

  • than 比较结构

    you are as beautiful as I

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