Docker-Compose构建lnmp
目录
-
- 实验前准备
- 安装compose
- Nginx
-
- 准备工作目录
- 准备Dockerfile脚本
- 准备nginx.conf
- Mysql
-
- 准备工作目录
- 编写Dockerfile脚本
- 准备my.cnf
- PHP
-
- 准备工作目录
- 准备相关文件
- 编写docker-compose.yml配置文件
- 目录结构
- 启动
- 测试
-
- Mysql授权
- 测试
- 问题
-
- Mysql容器无权访问问题
- 浏览器访问file not found问题
实验前准备
宿主机：192.168.188.17，安装docker、docker-compose
准备以下压缩包和配置文件nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz、wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz、nginx.conf、mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz、my.cnf、php-7.1.10.tar.bz2、php-fpm.conf、php.ini、www.conf
安装compose
curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.21.1/docker-compose-uname -s-uname -m -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
这个下得很慢，自己想办法搞一份也行，把它放到/usr/local/bin/目录下
cp /opt/docker-compose /usr/local/bin/
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
可以看一下版本检查能不能用
docker-compose --version
Nginx
准备工作目录
mkdir -p /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_nginx/nginx
cp /opt/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_nginx/nginx/
cp /opt/wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_nginx/nginx/
准备Dockerfile脚本
vim /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_nginx/nginx/Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER this is nginx image
RUN yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
ADD nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/nginx-1.12.0
RUN ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module;make -j 4 && make install
ENV PATH /usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
ADD nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/
ADD wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz /usr/local/nginx/html
RUN chmod 777 -R /usr/local/nginx/html/
EXPOSE 80
VOLUME [ "/usr/local/nginx/html/" ]
CMD [ "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;" ]
Dockerfile的解释如下
#基础镜像
FROM centos:7
#维护者信息
MAINTAINER this is nginx image
#安装依赖包，并且添加nginx用户
RUN yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
#将Dockerfile所在目录下的nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz压缩包添加到容器中/usr/local/src/的目录下（会自动解压）
ADD nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
#进入容器的/usr/local/src/nginx-1.12.0目录
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/nginx-1.12.0
#编译安装
RUN ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module;make -j 4 && make install
#添加环境变量
ENV PATH /usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
#将Dockerfile所在目录下的nginx.conf配置文件添加到容器中/usr/local/nginx/conf/的目录下
ADD nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/
#将Dockerfile所在目录下的wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz添加到容器中/usr/local/nginx/html/的目录下（自动解压）
ADD wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz /usr/local/nginx/html
#为/usr/local/nginx/html/赋权
RUN chmod 777 -R /usr/local/nginx/html/
#映射的容器端口
EXPOSE 80
#允许被挂载的目录
VOLUME [ "/usr/local/nginx/html/" ]
#开启容器后执行的命令
CMD [ "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;" ]
准备nginx.conf
搞一份nginx.conf配置文件
cp /opt/nginx.conf /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_nginx/nginx/
主要是增加一个动态页面的location块，这里的IP要写PHP服务的容器ip
主要配置代码以及少量解释
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
charset utf-8;
location / {
root html;
#这里要写index.php
index index.html index.php;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
#这个ip和端口就是php容器的ip和服务端口
fastcgi_pass 172.20.0.30:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
#$fastcgi_script_name类似于外部变量，你在浏览器访问时输的uri是什么这里就是什么
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
}
Mysql
准备工作目录
mkdir -p /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_mysql/mysql
cp mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_mysql/mysql/
编写Dockerfile脚本
vim /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_mysql/mysql/Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER this is mysql images
RUN yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
ADD mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.20/
RUN cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1;make -j4;make install
ADD my.cnf /etc/my.cnf
EXPOSE 3306
RUN chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/;chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
WORKDIR /usr/local/mysql/bin/
RUN ./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data;cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/;systemctl enable mysqld
ENV PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH
VOLUME [ "/usr/local/mysql" ]
CMD [ "/usr/sbin/init" ]
Dockerfile解释
#基础镜像
FROM centos:7
#维护者信息
MAINTAINER this is mysql images
#安装依赖包，添加mysql用户
RUN yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
#向容器的/usr/local/src/目录添加mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz压缩包（自动解压）
ADD mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
#进入这个目录
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.20/
#编译安装
RUN cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1;make -j4;make install
#向容器的/etc/my.cnf目录添加my.cnf
ADD my.cnf /etc/my.cnf
#映射端口
EXPOSE 3306
#改变所属用户
RUN chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/;chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
#进入这个目录
WORKDIR /usr/local/mysql/bin/
#初始化mysql数据库
RUN ./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data;cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/;systemctl enable mysqld
#添加环境变量
ENV PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH
#允许挂载的目录
VOLUME [ "/usr/local/mysql" ]
#容器启动后执行
CMD [ "/usr/sbin/init" ]
准备my.cnf
搞一份my.cnf配置文件
cp /opt/my.cnf /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_mysql/mysql/
my.cnf里设置大概如下
[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysql]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
auto-rehash
[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES
PHP
准备工作目录
mkdir -p /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_php/php
cp /opt/php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_php/php/
编写Dockerfile脚本
vim /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_php/php/Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER this is php image
RUN yum install -y gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel \
gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
ADD php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 /usr/local/src/
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/php-7.1.10
RUN ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip ; make -j 4 ; make install
ENV PATH /usr/local/php/bin:/usr/local/php/sbin:$PATH
ADD php.ini /usr/local/php/lib/
ADD php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc/
ADD www.conf /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
EXPOSE 9000
CMD /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -F
Dockerfile解释
#基础镜像
FROM centos:7
#维护者信息
MAINTAINER this is php image
#安装依赖包
RUN yum install -y gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel \
gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
#向容器的/usr/local/src/目录添加php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 压缩包（自动解压）
ADD php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 /usr/local/src/
#进入这个目录
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/php-7.1.10
#编译安装
RUN ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip ; make -j 4 ; make install
#添加环境变量
ENV PATH /usr/local/php/bin:/usr/local/php/sbin:$PATH
#向容器的/usr/local/php/lib/目录添加php.ini
ADD php.ini /usr/local/php/lib/
#向容器的/usr/local/php/etc/目录添加php-fpm.conf
ADD php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc/
##向容器的/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/目录添加www.conf
ADD www.conf /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
#映射端口
EXPOSE 9000
#容器启动后执行的命令
CMD /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -F
准备相关文件
cp /opt/php.ini /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_php/php/
vim /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_php/php/php.ini
进行如下修改
取消注释，修改时区
修改套接字路径
cp /opt/php-fpm.conf /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_php/php/
vim /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_php/php/php-fpm.conf
php-fpm.conf需要进行如下修改
取消注释
cp /opt/www.conf /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_php/php/
vim /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_php/php/www.conf
www.conf需要进行如下修改
修改用户和组
修改监听ip和端口
编写docker-compose.yml配置文件
这里坑很多，如果要自己修改，建议看懂了再改
version: '3'
services:
nginx:
container_name: nginx
hostname: nginx
build:
context: /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_nginx/nginx
dockerfile: Dockerfile
ports:
- 1216:80
- 1217:443
privileged: true
networks:
lnmp:
ipv4_address: 172.20.0.10
volumes:
- nginx-data:/usr/local/nginx/html/wordpress
mysql:
container_name: mysql
hostname: mysql
build:
context: /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_mysql/mysql
dockerfile: Dockerfile
ports:
- 1226:3306
privileged: true
networks:
lnmp:
ipv4_address: 172.20.0.20
php:
container_name: php
hostname: php
build:
context: /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_php/php
dockerfile: Dockerfile
ports:
- 1236:9000
privileged: true
networks:
lnmp:
ipv4_address: 172.20.0.30
volumes:
- nginx-data:/usr/local/nginx/html/wordpress
- mysql-data:/usr/local/mysql/
volumes:
nginx-data:
mysql-data:
networks:
lnmp:
driver: bridge
ipam:
config:
- subnet: 172.20.0.0/16
解释如下
#语法版本，这个版本不一样可能会有一定影响
version: '3'
services:
#nginx的配置
nginx:
#容器名
container_name: nginx
#主机名
hostname: nginx
#用来指定dockerfile的模块
build:
#dockerfile的路径
context: /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_nginx/nginx
#dockerfile的名字
dockerfile: Dockerfile
#端口映射，前面是宿主机的端口，后面是容器端口
ports:
- 1216:80
- 1217:443
#给容器root权限
privileged: true
#网络相关
networks:
lnmp:
ipv4_address: 172.20.0.10
#将nginx-data挂载到nginx容器的/usr/local/nginx/html/wordpress
volumes:
- nginx-data:/usr/local/nginx/html/wordpress
#mysql配置
mysql:
container_name: mysql
hostname: mysql
build:
context: /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_mysql/mysql
dockerfile: Dockerfile
ports:
- 1226:3306
privileged: true
networks:
lnmp:
ipv4_address: 172.20.0.20
#php的配置
php:
container_name: php
hostname: php
build:
context: /opt/compose_lnmp/compose_php/php
dockerfile: Dockerfile
ports:
- 1236:9000
privileged: true
networks:
lnmp:
ipv4_address: 172.20.0.30
#将nginx-data挂载到/usr/local/nginx/html/wordpress，将mysql-data挂载到/usr/local/mysql/
volumes:
- nginx-data:/usr/local/nginx/html/wordpress
- mysql-data:/usr/local/mysql/
#创建两个卷用于挂载
volumes:
nginx-data:
mysql-data:
#自定义网络
networks:
lnmp:
driver: bridge
ipam:
config:
- subnet: 172.20.0.0/16
目录结构
启动
cd /opt/compose_lnmp/
docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d
选项解释
-f, --file FILE ：使用特定的 compose 模板文件，默认为 docker-compose.yml
-p, --project-name NAME ：指定项目名称，默认使用目录名称
-d ：在后台运行
在一段漫长的等待之后
看一下容器有没有都启动
测试
Mysql授权
进入mysql容器
docker exec -it web02 bash
mysql -u root -p
create database wordpress;
grant all privileges on wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'%' identified by '123456';
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
flush privileges;
测试
浏览器访问http://192.168.188.17:1216/wordpress/index.php
问题
在实验过程中有两个问题纠缠了我很久
Mysql容器无权访问问题
具体报错：Can t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/usr/local/mysql/mysql.soc’
报错分析：字面上看就是单纯的没找到.sock文件，根据网上的方法进行排查，发现/etc/my.cnf中写的是对的，但是.sock文件就是没生成，当我重启mysqld服务时发现居然没有权限，我才意识到可能是容器没有root权限
解决方法：在vim docker-compose.yml中为mysql容器添加了权限，具体如下：
重新生成并测试，解决问题
浏览器访问file not found问题
具体问题：当浏览器输入http://192.168.188.17:1216/wordpress/index.php时出现File not found报错，nginx容器中的nginx/logs/error.log日志报错为：FastCGI sent in stderr: “Primary script unknown” while reading response header from upstream, client: 192.168.188.1, server: localhost, request: “GET /wordpress/index.php HTTP/1.1”, upstream: “fastcgi://172.20.0.30:9000”, host: “192.168.188.17:1216”
报错分析：浏览器访问静态页面时正常访问，所以排除nginx服务状态问题，nginx.conf的location规则也多次检查没有问题，那么问题大概率就是出在php容器里，经过排查我发现问题可能是因为php容器没有共享到nginx容器中的nginx/html/目录导致的
解决方法：最简单的方法当然是直接在vim docker-compose.yml中用volumes_from挂载到nginx容器，但是这个方法好像只支持版本2，那么其他版本该怎么解决。其实只要将宿主机、nginx、php三者相互挂载就能用volumes实现volumes_from的功能，具体实现如下：
重新生成并测试，解决问题