【QA】Linux-CentOS-解决mysqlclient无法安装

文章概述

linux系统安装mysqlclient的时候往往会报错，导致django项目无法启动，本文主要解决这个问题

解决方式1：直接找到mysqlclient的whl安装包

python3.8-x86-64位

通过如下仓库，下载mysqlclient的安装包：https://github.com/HMTeen/Linux-Python-mysqlclient

通过远程连接软件复制到服务器

安装：

pip install mysqlclient-2.2.1-cp38-cp38-linux_x86_64.whl

其他适配版本的whl安装包

参考这位大神的仓库：https://github.com/xizhicode/mysqlclient_builds

解决方法2：先安装相关依赖，再单独安装mysqlclient

rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
yum install mysql-devel
yum install python-devel
pip install mysqlclient

解决方式3：根据错误信息找到根源，一步一步解决

先占个坑，我遇到的问题是

Collecting mysqlclient~=2.2.1 (from -r ./requirements.txt (line 23))
  Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/37/fb/d9a8f763c84f1e789c027af0ffc7dbf94c9a38db961484f253f0552cbb47/mysqlclient-2.2.1.tar.gz (89 kB)
     ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 90.0/90.0 kB 877.0 kB/s eta 0:00:00
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [24 lines of output]
      Trying pkg-config --exists mysqlclient
      Command 'pkg-config --exists mysqlclient' returned non-zero exit status 1.
      Trying pkg-config --exists mariadb
      Command 'pkg-config --exists mariadb' returned non-zero exit status 1.
      Trying pkg-config --exists libmariadb
      Command 'pkg-config --exists libmariadb' returned non-zero exit status 1.
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/root/.virtualenvs/icwp/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 353, in <module>
          main()
        File "/root/.virtualenvs/icwp/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 335, in main
          json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
        File "/root/.virtualenvs/icwp/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 118, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          return hook(config_settings)
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-umjwqogy/overlay/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 325, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          return self._get_build_requires(config_settings, requirements=['wheel'])
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-umjwqogy/overlay/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 295, in _get_build_requires
          self.run_setup()
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-umjwqogy/overlay/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 311, in run_setup
          exec(code, locals())
        File "", line 155, in <module>
        File "", line 49, in get_config_posix
        File "", line 28, in find_package_name
      Exception: Can not find valid pkg-config name.
      Specify MYSQLCLIENT_CFLAGS and MYSQLCLIENT_LDFLAGS env vars manually
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.