linux系统ansible的jiaja2的语法和简单剧本编写

jinja2语法

Jinja default()设定

default()默认值的设定有助于程序的健壮性和简洁性。Jinja也支持该功能，生成Mysql配置文件中的端口定义，如果指定则PORT=3136，否则PORT=3306，改造为使用default()

bind_address=ip:{{ PORT | default(3306) }}

if语句

if判断语句的语法结构，如下：
{% if条件一 %}
{% elif 条件二%}
{% elif 条件N %}
{% endif %}

{% if age > 30 %}
1
{% elif age < 18 %}
2
{% else %}
3
{% endif %}

for语句

for循环的基本语法如下：
{%for 迭代变量in 可迭代对象%}
{{迭代变量}}
{%endfor%}

{% for i in range(10) %}
{{ i }}
{% endfor %}

ansiblejiaja2的使用

说明：ansible使用jiaja2生成nginx一个模板多种不同配置

ansible目录结构：

# cd roles/nginx_conf/
#tree
.
├── files
├── meta
│   └── main.yml
├── tasks
│   ├── file.yml
│   └── main.yml
├── templates
│   └── nginx.conf.j2
└── vars
    └── main.yml

tasks目录下文件内容：

#cat tasks/file.yml 
- name: nginx.j2 template transfer example 
  template: src=nginx.conf.j2 dest=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf.template
  
#cat tasks/main.yml 
- include: file.yml

nginx模板文件

#cat templates/nginx.conf.j2 
{% if nginx_use_proxy %}
{% for proxy in nginx_proxies %}
upstream {{ proxy.name }}
   #server 127.0.0.1:{{ proxy.port }};
   server {{ ansible_eth0.ipv4.address }}:{{ proxy.port }};
}
{% endfor %}
{% endif%}

server {
    listen 80;
    servername {{ nginx_server_name }};
    access_log off;
    error_log /etc/nginx/nginx_error.log;
    rewrite ^ https://$server_name$request_uri? permanent;
}

server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name {{ nginx_server_name }};
    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/{{ nginx_ssl_cert_name }};
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/{{ nginx_ssl_cert_key }};
    root {{ nginx_web_root }};
    index index.html index.html;
{% if nginx_use_auth %}
   auth_basic  "Restricted";
   auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/{{ project_name }}.htpasswd;
{% endif %}
{% if nginx_use_proxy %}
{% for proxy in nginx_proxies %}
   location {{ proxy.location }} {
      proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto http;
      proxy_set_header X-Url-Scheme $scheme;
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
      proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
      proxy_redirect off;
      proxy_pass http://{{ proxy.name }};
      break;
}
{% endfor %}
{% endif %}
{% if nginx_server_static %}
   location / {
       try_files $url $url/ =404;
}
{% endif %}
}

ansible变量文件

cat vars/main.yml 

nginx_server_name: www.testnginx.com
nginx_web_root: /data/html/
nginx_proxies:
- name: suspicious
  location: /
  port: 1234
- name: suspicious-api
  location: /api
  port: 4567

ansible主playbook文件

#cat nginx_test.yml 
##The first roles
- name: Nginx Proxy Server's Config Dynamic Create
  hosts: "10.0.90.25:10.0.90.26"
  remote_user: root
  vars:
    nginx_use_proxy: true
    nginx_ssl_cert_name: ifa.crt
    nginx_ssl_cert_key: ifa.key
    nginx_use_auth: true
    project_name: suspicious
    nginx_server_static: true
  gather_facts: true
  roles:
     -  role: nginx_conf
     
##The second roles
- name: Nginx WebServer's Config Dynamic Create
  hosts: 10.0.90.27
  remote_user: root
  vars:
    nginx_use_proxy: false
    nginx_ssl_cert_name: ifa.crt
    nginx_ssl_cert_key: ifa.crt
    nginx_use_auth: false
    project_name: suspicious
    nginx_server_static: false
  gather_facts: false
  roles:
     -  role: nginx_conf

测试并执行：

#ansible-playbook nginx_test.yml --syntax-check
playbook: nginx_test.yml

执行：
# ansible-playbook nginx_test.yml

查看检测执行结果

到Nginx Proxy 服务器查看配置文件

#cat nginx.conf.template 
upstream suspicious
   #server 127.0.0.1:1234;
   server 10.0.90.26:1234;
}
upstream suspicious-api
   #server 127.0.0.1:4567;
   server 10.0.90.26:4567;
}
server {
    listen 80;
    servername www.testnginx.com;
    access_log off;
    error_log /etc/nginx/nginx_error.log;
    rewrite ^ https://$server_name$request_uri? permanent;
}
server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name www.testnginx.com;
    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/ifa.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/ifa.key;
    root /data/html/;
    index index.html index.html;
   auth_basic  "Restricted";
   auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/suspicious.htpasswd;
   location / {
      proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto http;
      proxy_set_header X-Url-Scheme $scheme;
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
      proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
      proxy_redirect off;
      proxy_pass http://suspicious;
      break;
}
   location /api {
      proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto http;
      proxy_set_header X-Url-Scheme $scheme;
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
      proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
      proxy_redirect off;
      proxy_pass http://suspicious-api;
      break;
}
   location / {
       try_files $url $url/ =404;
}
}

到Nginx Web 服务器上查看配置文件

#cat nginx.conf.template 
server {
    listen 80;
    servername www.testnginx.com;
    access_log off;
    error_log /etc/nginx/nginx_error.log;
    rewrite ^ https://$server_name$request_uri? permanent;
}
server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name www.testnginx.com;
    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/ifa.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/ifa.crt;
    root /data/html/;
    index index.html index.html;
}

---

剧本编写

安装apache

---
- hosts: web
  tasks:
  - name: 清理环境
    yum: name=httpd state=absent

  - name: 安装apache
    yum: name=httpd state=present

  - name: cpoy apache.conf
    copy: src=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf backup=yes
    tags: apache.conf                #标签
    notify: restart apache           #httpd.conf发生改变时，通知给相应的handlers

  - name: 启动httpd
    service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes

  handlers:                      #触发器
  - name: restart apache         #与notify值相同
    service: name=httpd state=restarted    #发生更改执行的语句

安装mysql

---
- hosts: ip
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
  - name: 安装mysql源
    shell: rpm -Uvh https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
  
  - name: 安装mysql
    yum: name=mysql-server disablerepo=mysql80-community enablerepo=mysql57-community state=present