RabbitMQ之七生产集群部署

个人专题目录


1. RabbitMQ集群搭建

实际生产应用中都会采用消息队列的集群方案,出于MQ中间件本身的可靠性、并发性、吞吐量和消息堆积能力等问题的考虑,在生产环境上一般都会考虑使用RabbitMQ的集群方案。

1.1 集群方案的原理

RabbitMQ这款消息队列中间件产品本身是基于Erlang编写,Erlang语言天生具备分布式特性(通过同步Erlang集群各节点的magic cookie来实现)。因此,RabbitMQ天然支持Clustering。这使得RabbitMQ本身不需要像ActiveMQ、Kafka那样通过ZooKeeper分别来实现HA方案和保存集群的元数据。集群是保证可靠性的一种方式,同时可以通过水平扩展以达到增加消息吞吐量能力的目的。

1566073768274.png
1565245328065.png

1.2 单机多实例部署

由于某些因素的限制,有时候你不得不在一台机器上去搭建一个rabbitmq集群,这个有点类似zookeeper的单机版。真实生成环境还是要配成多机集群的。

主要参考官方文档:https://www.rabbitmq.com/clustering.html

首先确保RabbitMQ运行没有问题

[root@super ~]# rabbitmqctl status
Status of node rabbit@super ...
[{pid,10232},
 {running_applications,
     [{rabbitmq_management,"RabbitMQ Management Console","3.6.5"},
      {rabbitmq_web_dispatch,"RabbitMQ Web Dispatcher","3.6.5"},
      {webmachine,"webmachine","1.10.3"},
      {mochiweb,"MochiMedia Web Server","2.13.1"},
      {rabbitmq_management_agent,"RabbitMQ Management Agent","3.6.5"},
      {rabbit,"RabbitMQ","3.6.5"},
      {os_mon,"CPO  CXC 138 46","2.4"},
      {syntax_tools,"Syntax tools","1.7"},
      {inets,"INETS  CXC 138 49","6.2"},
      {amqp_client,"RabbitMQ AMQP Client","3.6.5"},
      {rabbit_common,[],"3.6.5"},
      {ssl,"Erlang/OTP SSL application","7.3"},
      {public_key,"Public key infrastructure","1.1.1"},
      {asn1,"The Erlang ASN1 compiler version 4.0.2","4.0.2"},
      {ranch,"Socket acceptor pool for TCP protocols.","1.2.1"},
      {mnesia,"MNESIA  CXC 138 12","4.13.3"},
      {compiler,"ERTS  CXC 138 10","6.0.3"},
      {crypto,"CRYPTO","3.6.3"},
      {xmerl,"XML parser","1.3.10"},
      {sasl,"SASL  CXC 138 11","2.7"},
      {stdlib,"ERTS  CXC 138 10","2.8"},
      {kernel,"ERTS  CXC 138 10","4.2"}]},
 {os,{unix,linux}},
 {erlang_version,
     "Erlang/OTP 18 [erts-7.3] [source] [64-bit] [async-threads:64] [hipe] [kernel-poll:true]\n"},
 {memory,
     [{total,56066752},
      {connection_readers,0},
      {connection_writers,0},
      {connection_channels,0},
      {connection_other,2680},
      {queue_procs,268248},
      {queue_slave_procs,0},
      {plugins,1131936},
      {other_proc,18144280},
      {mnesia,125304},
      {mgmt_db,921312},
      {msg_index,69440},
      {other_ets,1413664},
      {binary,755736},
      {code,27824046},
      {atom,1000601},
      {other_system,4409505}]},
 {alarms,[]},
 {listeners,[{clustering,25672,"::"},{amqp,5672,"::"}]},
 {vm_memory_high_watermark,0.4},
 {vm_memory_limit,411294105},
 {disk_free_limit,50000000},
 {disk_free,13270233088},
 {file_descriptors,
     [{total_limit,924},{total_used,6},{sockets_limit,829},{sockets_used,0}]},
 {processes,[{limit,1048576},{used,262}]},
 {run_queue,0},
 {uptime,43651},
 {kernel,{net_ticktime,60}}]

停止rabbitmq服务

[root@super sbin]# service rabbitmq-server stop
Stopping rabbitmq-server: rabbitmq-server.

启动第一个节点:

[root@super sbin]# RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5673 RABBITMQ_NODENAME=rabbit1 rabbitmq-server start

              RabbitMQ 3.6.5. Copyright (C) 2007-2016 Pivotal Software, Inc.
  ##  ##      Licensed under the MPL.  See http://www.rabbitmq.com/
  ##  ##
  ##########  Logs: /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit1.log
  ######  ##        /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit1-sasl.log
  ##########
              Starting broker...
 completed with 6 plugins.

启动第二个节点:

web管理插件端口占用,所以还要指定其web插件占用的端口号。

[root@super ~]# RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5674 RABBITMQ_SERVER_START_ARGS="-rabbitmq_management listener [{port,15674}]" RABBITMQ_NODENAME=rabbit2 rabbitmq-server start

              RabbitMQ 3.6.5. Copyright (C) 2007-2016 Pivotal Software, Inc.
  ##  ##      Licensed under the MPL.  See http://www.rabbitmq.com/
  ##  ##
  ##########  Logs: /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit2.log
  ######  ##        /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit2-sasl.log
  ##########
              Starting broker...
 completed with 6 plugins.

结束命令:

rabbitmqctl -n rabbit1 stop
rabbitmqctl -n rabbit2 stop

rabbit1操作作为主节点:

[root@super ~]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit1 stop_app  
Stopping node rabbit1@super ...
[root@super ~]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit1 reset     
Resetting node rabbit1@super ...
[root@super ~]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit1 start_app
Starting node rabbit1@super ...
[root@super ~]# 

rabbit2操作为从节点:

[root@super ~]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit2 stop_app
Stopping node rabbit2@super ...
[root@super ~]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit2 reset
Resetting node rabbit2@super ...
[root@super ~]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit2 join_cluster rabbit1@'super' ###''内是主机名换成自己的
Clustering node rabbit2@super with rabbit1@super ...
[root@super ~]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit2 start_app
Starting node rabbit2@super ...

查看集群状态:

[root@super ~]# rabbitmqctl cluster_status -n rabbit1
Cluster status of node rabbit1@super ...
[{nodes,[{disc,[rabbit1@super,rabbit2@super]}]},
 {running_nodes,[rabbit2@super,rabbit1@super]},
 {cluster_name,<<"rabbit1@super">>},
 {partitions,[]},
 {alarms,[{rabbit2@super,[]},{rabbit1@super,[]}]}]

web监控:

1566065096459.png

1.3 集群管理

rabbitmqctl join_cluster {cluster_node} [–ram]
将节点加入指定集群中。在这个命令执行前需要停止RabbitMQ应用并重置节点。

rabbitmqctl cluster_status
显示集群的状态。

rabbitmqctl change_cluster_node_type {disc|ram}
修改集群节点的类型。在这个命令执行前需要停止RabbitMQ应用。

rabbitmqctl forget_cluster_node [–offline]
将节点从集群中删除,允许离线执行。

rabbitmqctl update_cluster_nodes {clusternode}

在集群中的节点应用启动前咨询clusternode节点的最新信息,并更新相应的集群信息。这个和join_cluster不同,它不加入集群。考虑这样一种情况,节点A和节点B都在集群中,当节点A离线了,节点C又和节点B组成了一个集群,然后节点B又离开了集群,当A醒来的时候,它会尝试联系节点B,但是这样会失败,因为节点B已经不在集群中了。

rabbitmqctl cancel_sync_queue [-p vhost] {queue}
取消队列queue同步镜像的操作。

rabbitmqctl set_cluster_name {name}
设置集群名称。集群名称在客户端连接时会通报给客户端。Federation和Shovel插件也会有用到集群名称的地方。集群名称默认是集群中第一个节点的名称,通过这个命令可以重新设置。

1.4 RabbitMQ镜像集群配置

上面已经完成RabbitMQ默认集群模式,但并不保证队列的高可用性,尽管交换机、绑定这些可以复制到集群里的任何一个节点,但是队列内容不会复制。虽然该模式解决一项目组节点压力,但队列节点宕机直接导致该队列无法应用,只能等待重启,所以要想在队列节点宕机或故障也能正常应用,就要复制队列内容到集群里的每个节点,必须要创建镜像队列。

镜像队列是基于普通的集群模式的,然后再添加一些策略,所以你还是得先配置普通集群,然后才能设置镜像队列,我们就以上面的集群接着做。

设置的镜像队列可以通过开启的网页的管理端Admin->Policies,也可以通过命令。

rabbitmqctl set_policy my_ha "^" '{"ha-mode":"all"}'

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  • Name:策略名称
  • Pattern:匹配的规则,如果是匹配所有的队列,是^.
  • Definition:使用ha-mode模式中的all,也就是同步所有匹配的队列。问号链接帮助文档。

1.5 负载均衡-HAProxy

HAProxy提供高可用性、负载均衡以及基于TCP和HTTP应用的代理,支持虚拟主机,它是免费、快速并且可靠的一种解决方案,包括Twitter,Reddit,StackOverflow,GitHub在内的多家知名互联网公司在使用。HAProxy实现了一种事件驱动、单一进程模型,此模型支持非常大的并发连接数。

安装HAProxy

//下载依赖包
yum install gcc vim wget
//上传haproxy源码包
//解压
tar -zxvf haproxy-1.6.5.tar.gz -C /usr/local
//进入目录、进行编译、安装
cd /usr/local/haproxy-1.6.5
make TARGET=linux31 PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
mkdir /etc/haproxy
//赋权
groupadd -r -g 149 haproxy
useradd -g haproxy -r -s /sbin/nologin -u 149 haproxy
//创建haproxy配置文件
mkdir /etc/haproxy
vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

配置HAProxy

配置文件路径:/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

#logging options
global
    log 127.0.0.1 local0 info
    maxconn 5120
    chroot /usr/local/haproxy
    uid 99
    gid 99
    daemon
    quiet
    nbproc 20
    pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid

defaults
    log global
    
    mode tcp

    option tcplog
    option dontlognull
    retries 3
    option redispatch
    maxconn 2000
    contimeout 5s
   
     clitimeout 60s

     srvtimeout 15s 
#front-end IP for consumers and producters

listen rabbitmq_cluster
    bind 0.0.0.0:5672
    
    mode tcp
    #balance url_param userid
    #balance url_param session_id check_post 64
    #balance hdr(User-Agent)
    #balance hdr(host)
    #balance hdr(Host) use_domain_only
    #balance rdp-cookie
    #balance leastconn
    #balance source //ip
    
    balance roundrobin
    
        server node1 127.0.0.1:5673 check inter 5000 rise 2 fall 2
        server node2 127.0.0.1:5674 check inter 5000 rise 2 fall 2

listen stats
    bind 172.16.98.133:8100
    mode http
    option httplog
    stats enable
    stats uri /rabbitmq-stats
    stats refresh 5s

启动HAproxy负载

/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
//查看haproxy进程状态
ps -ef | grep haproxy

访问如下地址对mq节点进行监控
http://172.16.98.xxx:8100/rabbitmq-stats

代码中访问mq集群地址,则变为访问haproxy地址:5672

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