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今天的句子:

With economic growth has come centralization; fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two-generation households.

Urban Japanese have long endured lengthy commutes (travels to and from work) and crowded living conditions, but as the old group and family values weaken, the discomfort is beginning to tell.

思考题:

Which of the following is true?

(A) The Japanese are less tolerant of discomforts in life.

(B) The Japanese endure more than ever before.

词汇突破:

1. centralization 集中 (翻译的时候需要补充出来是什么集中)

2.in favor of 倾向于…,选择…, 取而代之的是…

3. the extended family 大家庭

4. isolated, two-generation households 孤立的两代家庭

5. lengthy commutes 漫长的通勤

6. the discomfort is beginning to tell 不舒适的感觉开始显现出来。

第一句:

With economic growth has come centralization; fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two-generation households.

切分:

1. With economic growth has come centralization;

(with,不用翻译,has come 不用翻译;这样的词在英语中只起到连接作用,没有语义作用。中文不要需要这样的连接词,所以可以不翻译。)

经济发展了,人口也越来越集中了。

2. fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens live in cities

1亿1千9百万日本人中,有76%的人居住在城市中。

3.where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two-generation households.

城市里,社区和大家庭关系被抛弃了,取而代之的是孤立的两代家庭。

参考译文:经济发展了,人口也越来越集中了。1亿1千9百万日本人中,有76%居住在城市中。城市里,社区和大家庭关系被抛弃了,取而代之的是孤立的两代家庭。

第二句:

Urban Japanese have long endured lengthy commutes (travels to and from work) and crowded living conditions, but as the old group and family values weaken, the discomfort is beginning to tell.

切分:

1. Urban Japanese have long endured lengthy commutes (travels to and from work) and crowded living conditions

都市的日本人长期以来忍受着长时间的通勤(上下班)和拥挤的居住环境。

(注意这里的时态是现在完成时,也就是说过去忍受的对象是这些,现在忍受的对象也是这样。客观的境遇是没有发生变化的。)

2. but as the old group and family values weaken,

3. the discomfort is beginning to tell.

不舒服的感觉就呈现出来了。

(注意这里,主观的感受发生了变化。)

参考译文:都市的日本人长期以来忍受着长时间的通勤(上下班)和拥挤的居住环境。但是由于传统的集体和家庭价值观削弱了,不舒服的感觉就呈现出来了。

思考题:

Which of the following is true?

两个选项的主语都是Japanese; 所以就不用纠结原文中是Urban Japanese,选项中是Japanese了; 因为即使不妥,我们也只能接受,我们必须得选一个啊。

(而且76%的日本人都是都市人了,用日本人替换都市日本人也没有什么不妥。)

(A) The Japanese are less tolerant of discomforts in life.

这个选项的比较内容是:主观感受 (对于不舒服能不能忍)

这个选项和最后一个小分句是相对应的:不舒服的感觉就呈现出来了

=没有以前能忍了。

所以这个选项是最佳的。

(B) The Japanese endure more/ than ever before.

这个选项的比较内容是:忍受的对象的数量(more)

More在这里是充当endure的宾语,

这里和第二句的第一个小分句是相冲突的:都市的日本人长期以来忍受着长时间的通勤(上下班)和拥挤的居住环境。

因此这个比较在原文中是没有的。

所以对于比较一定要注意识别,在原文中到底有没有。

还有主观感受和客观境遇是没有必然联系的。

比如:

原文:一男受到了很多中年阿姨的批评。

选项:一男容易不开心。

(这个选项属于原文没有提及的选项,是不能选的,因为一男是否容易不开心文中真的不知道。)

明天的句子:(源自2011年第四篇文章的题目)

In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing ? Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.

思考题:

It is suggested in Paragraph 3 that childless folks                .

[A]are constantly exposed to criticism

[B]are less likely to be satisfied with their life

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