Lintcode: A+B problem

For given numbers a and b in function aplusb, return the sum of them.



Note

You don't need to parse the input and output. Just calculate and return.



Example

If a=1 and b=2 return 3



Challenge

Can you do it with out + operation?



Clarification

Are a and b both 32-bit integers?



    - Yes.

直接+没什么好说的,关键在于不用+的操作:

考验Bit Operation, 可以用按位^异或两个操作数对应位以及carry,只是carry是1还是0需要分情况讨论。求更优的解法

 1 class Solution {

 2     /*

 3      * param a: The first integer

 4      * param b: The second integer

 5      * return: The sum of a and b

 6      */

 7     public int aplusb(int a, int b) {

 8         // Click submit, you will get Accepted!

 9         int i = 0;

10         int res = 0;

11         int carry = 0;

12         for (; i<32; i++) {

13             int aa = (a >> i) & 1;

14             int bb = (b >> i) & 1;

15             res |= (aa ^ bb ^ carry) << i;

16             if (aa == 1 && bb == 1 || ((aa ==1 || bb == 1) && carry == 1)) {

17                 carry = 1;

18             }

19             else carry = 0;

20         }

21         return res;

22     }

23 };

 贴一个别人的简洁思路:

位运算实现整数加法本质就是用二进制进行运算。
其主要用了两个基本表达式:
x^y //执行加法,不考虑进位。
(x&y)<<1 //进位操作
令x=x^y ;y=(x&y)<<1 进行迭代,每迭代一次进位操作右面就多一位0,最多需要“加数二进制位长度”次迭代就没有进位了,此时x^y的值就是结果。

我们来做个3位数的加法:
101+011=1000 //正常加法
位运算加法:
(1) 101 ^ 011 = 110
(101 & 011)<<1 = 010
(2) 110 ^ 010 = 100
(110 & 010)<<1 = 100
(3) 100 ^ 100 = 000
(100 & 100)<<1 = 1000
此时进行相加操作就没有进位了,即000 ^ 1000=1000即是最后结果。

 1 class Solution {

 2     /*

 3      * param a: The first integer

 4      * param b: The second integer

 5      * return: The sum of a and b

 6      */

 7     public int aplusb(int a, int b) {

 8         while(b != 0){

 9             int carry = a & b;

10             a = a ^ b;

11             b = carry << 1;

12         }

13         return a;

14     }

15 }

 或者用Recursion写:

1     public int aplusb(int a, int b) {

2         // Click submit, you will get Accepted!

3         if (b == 0) return a;

4         int sum = a^b;

5         int carry = (a&b)<<1;

6         return aplusb(sum, carry);

7     }

 

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