delphi对.net2.0webservice封装问题
delphi调用WebService一直发生500错误，可是同样的Service用.net调用，xmlspy调用都没有问题。因此估计Delphi对Service的封装有问题。
跟踪发现：竟然没有参数传递给Webservice，参数或者是null或者是初始值。通过查看Post的数据包：
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
SOAP-ENV:Envelope
xmlns:SOAP-ENV
="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
xm
lns:xsd
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XML
Schema-instance"
xmlns:SOAP-ENC
="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"
>
<
SOAP-ENV:Body
SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle
="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encodin
g/"
xmlns:NS2
="http://microsoft.com/wsdl/types/"
>
<
NS1:GetServiceInfo
xmlns:NS1
="http://goldentek.biz/"
>
<
passport
xsi:type
="xsd:string"
>
[email protected]
</
passport
>
<
oem
xsi:type
="NS2:guid"
>
{xxxxxxxx-8456-550a-8bb9-65d484f8bc3b}
</
oem
>
<
codePage
xsi:type
="xsd:int"
>
936
</
codePage
>
</
NS1:GetServiceInfo
>
</
SOAP-ENV:Body
>
</
SOAP-ENV:Envelope
>
发现以下部分不正确：
<
NS1:GetServiceInfo
xmlns:NS1
="http://goldentek.biz/"
>
<
passport
xsi:type
="xsd:string"
>
[email protected]
</
passport
>
<
oem
xsi:type
="NS2:guid"
>
{341a4fbb-8456-550a-8bb9-65d484f8bc3b}
</
oem
>
<
codePage
xsi:type
="xsd:int"
>
936
</
codePage
>
</
NS1:GetServiceInfo
>
问题已经确定是Delphi的封装问题。进一步测试发现，在2005下的Service，如果有参数delphi都不能正确封装。难道只有把服务转到2003？或者自己封装Webservie调用？这两个方法都要很多工作量。
下面先看一下2003和2005生成的wsdl的不同点（完整wsdl看附录）：
1、2005增加了对soap1.2的支持
2、2005如果没有描述会没有 < documentation xmlns =" http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/ " /> 标记。
3、2005没有显式设置styly，而采用的是默认值 < soap12:binding transport =" http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http " />
第二个可以排除，它不会产生这样的错误，最有可能的是第一条，delphi对soap1.2支持不好。而且发现：“User-Agent: Borland SOAP 1.2”，证明delphi确实用的是Soap1.2。手动修改Wsdl，去掉对1.2的支持重新生成代理类，测试扔出现问题。
是第三个？可是省略style也是符合wsdl规范的。修改wsdl加上style，测试成功。真是没有想到会是这里的问题，修改起来竟是如此简单！
后面还发现delphi不能正确解析nil如：<ErrCode xsi:nil="true"/>，这样在.net中就不能用nullable值了，如：int？
总结：
可以看出delphi对webservie的封装还是很有问题的，规范都没有实现！对xml的支持也不完善。
因此在webservice的开发中不要用高级的特性，因为某些语言对service的封装还是不好。
还真是怀疑wse的前途，还是因为某些语言调用起来很麻烦。
附：
正确的Post格式
1、
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
SOAP-ENV:Envelope
xmlns:SOAP-ENV
="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
xm
lns:xsd
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XML
Schema-instance"
>
<
SOAP-ENV:Body
>
<
GetServiceInfo
xmlns
="http://goldentek.biz/"
>
<
passport
>
[email protected]
</
passport
>
<
oem
>
{xxxxxxxx-8456-550a-8bb9-65d484f8bc3b}
</
oem
>
<
codePage
>
936
</
codePage
>
</
GetServiceInfo
>
</
SOAP-ENV:Body
>
</
SOAP-ENV:Envelope
>
2、
<
SOAP-ENV:Envelope
xmlns:SOAP-ENV
="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
xmlns:SOAP-ENC
="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:xsd
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
>
<
SOAP-ENV:Body
>
<
m:GetServiceInfo
xmlns:m
="http://goldentek.biz/"
>
<
m:passport
>
[email protected]
</
m:passport
>
<
m:oem
>
341a4fbb-8456-550a-8bb9-65d484f8bc3b
</
m:oem
>
<
m:codePage
>
936
</
m:codePage
>
</
m:GetServiceInfo
>
</
SOAP-ENV:Body
>
</
SOAP-ENV:Envelope
>
[WebMethod]
public string HelloWorld(string s) {
string t = s;
return "Hello World";
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
- <wsdl:definitions xmlns:http="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/http/" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:tns="http://tempuri.org/" xmlns:tm="http://microsoft.com/wsdl/mime/textMatching/" xmlns:mime="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/mime/" targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">
- <wsdl:types>
- <s:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/">
- <s:element name="HelloWorld">
- <s:complexType>
- <s:sequence>
<s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="s" type="s:string" />
</s:sequence>
</s:complexType>
</s:element>
- <s:element name="HelloWorldResponse">
- <s:complexType>
- <s:sequence>
<s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="HelloWorldResult" type="s:string" />
</s:sequence>
</s:complexType>
</s:element>
</s:schema>
</wsdl:types>
- <wsdl:message name="HelloWorldSoapIn">
<wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:HelloWorld" />
</wsdl:message>
- <wsdl:message name="HelloWorldSoapOut">
<wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:HelloWorldResponse" />
</wsdl:message>
- <wsdl:portType name="Service1Soap">
- <wsdl:operation name="HelloWorld">
<wsdl:input message="tns:HelloWorldSoapIn" />
<wsdl:output message="tns:HelloWorldSoapOut" />
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:portType>
- <wsdl:binding name="Service1Soap" type="tns:Service1Soap">
<soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" style="document" />
+ <wsdl:operation name="HelloWorld">
<soap:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/HelloWorld" style="document" />
- <wsdl:input>
<soap:body use="literal" />
</wsdl:input>
- <wsdl:output>
<soap:body use="literal" />
</wsdl:output>
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:binding>
- <wsdl:service name="Service1">
<documentation xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" />
- <wsdl:port name="Service1Soap" binding="tns:Service1Soap">
<soap:address location="http://localhost/WebService1/Service1.asmx" />
</wsdl:port>
</wsdl:service>
</wsdl:definitions>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
- <wsdl:definitions xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:tm="http://microsoft.com/wsdl/mime/textMatching/" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:mime="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/mime/" xmlns:tns="http://tempuri.org/" xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap12="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap12/" xmlns:http="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/http/" targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">
- <wsdl:types>
- <s:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/">
- <s:element name="HelloWorld">
- <s:complexType>
- <s:sequence>
<s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="s" type="s:string" />
</s:sequence>
</s:complexType>
</s:element>
- <s:element name="HelloWorldResponse">
- <s:complexType>
- <s:sequence>
<s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="HelloWorldResult" type="s:string" />
</s:sequence>
</s:complexType>
</s:element>
</s:schema>
</wsdl:types>
- <wsdl:message name="HelloWorldSoapIn">
<wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:HelloWorld" />
</wsdl:message>
- <wsdl:message name="HelloWorldSoapOut">
<wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:HelloWorldResponse" />
</wsdl:message>
- <wsdl:portType name="ServiceSoap">
- <wsdl:operation name="HelloWorld">
<wsdl:input message="tns:HelloWorldSoapIn" />
<wsdl:output message="tns:HelloWorldSoapOut" />
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:portType>
- <wsdl:binding name="ServiceSoap" type="tns:ServiceSoap">
<soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" />
- <wsdl:operation name="HelloWorld">
<soap:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/HelloWorld" style="document" />
- <wsdl:input>
<soap:body use="literal" />
</wsdl:input>
- <wsdl:output>
<soap:body use="literal" />
</wsdl:output>
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:binding>
- <wsdl:binding name="ServiceSoap12" type="tns:ServiceSoap">
<soap12:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" />
- <wsdl:operation name="HelloWorld">
<soap12:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/HelloWorld" style="document" />
- <wsdl:input>
<soap12:body use="literal" />
</wsdl:input>
- <wsdl:output>
<soap12:body use="literal" />
</wsdl:output>
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:binding>
- <wsdl:service name="Service">
- <wsdl:port name="ServiceSoap" binding="tns:ServiceSoap">
<soap:address location="http://localhost:6681/WebSite4/Service.asmx" />
</wsdl:port>
- <wsdl:port name="ServiceSoap12" binding="tns:ServiceSoap12">
<soap12:address location="http://localhost:6681/WebSite4/Service.asmx" />
</wsdl:port>
</wsdl:service>
</wsdl:definitions>
跟踪发现：竟然没有参数传递给Webservice，参数或者是null或者是初始值。通过查看Post的数据包：
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
SOAP-ENV:Envelope
xmlns:SOAP-ENV
="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
xm lns:xsd
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XML Schema-instance"
xmlns:SOAP-ENC
="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"
>
<
SOAP-ENV:Body
SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle
="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encodin g/"
xmlns:NS2
="http://microsoft.com/wsdl/types/"
>
<
NS1:GetServiceInfo
xmlns:NS1
="http://goldentek.biz/"
>
<
passport
xsi:type
="xsd:string"
>
[email protected]
</
passport
>
<
oem
xsi:type
="NS2:guid"
>
{xxxxxxxx-8456-550a-8bb9-65d484f8bc3b}
</
oem
>
<
codePage
xsi:type
="xsd:int"
>
936
</
codePage
>
</
NS1:GetServiceInfo
>
</
SOAP-ENV:Body
>
</
SOAP-ENV:Envelope
>
<
NS1:GetServiceInfo
xmlns:NS1
="http://goldentek.biz/"
>
<
passport
xsi:type
="xsd:string"
>
[email protected]
</
passport
>
<
oem
xsi:type
="NS2:guid"
>
{341a4fbb-8456-550a-8bb9-65d484f8bc3b}
</
oem
>
<
codePage
xsi:type
="xsd:int"
>
936
</
codePage
>
</
NS1:GetServiceInfo
>
下面先看一下2003和2005生成的wsdl的不同点（完整wsdl看附录）：
1、2005增加了对soap1.2的支持
2、2005如果没有描述会没有 < documentation xmlns =" http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/ " /> 标记。
3、2005没有显式设置styly，而采用的是默认值 < soap12:binding transport =" http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http " />
第二个可以排除，它不会产生这样的错误，最有可能的是第一条，delphi对soap1.2支持不好。而且发现：“User-Agent: Borland SOAP 1.2”，证明delphi确实用的是Soap1.2。手动修改Wsdl，去掉对1.2的支持重新生成代理类，测试扔出现问题。
是第三个？可是省略style也是符合wsdl规范的。修改wsdl加上style，测试成功。真是没有想到会是这里的问题，修改起来竟是如此简单！
后面还发现delphi不能正确解析nil如：<ErrCode xsi:nil="true"/>，这样在.net中就不能用nullable值了，如：int？
总结：
可以看出delphi对webservie的封装还是很有问题的，规范都没有实现！对xml的支持也不完善。
因此在webservice的开发中不要用高级的特性，因为某些语言对service的封装还是不好。
还真是怀疑wse的前途，还是因为某些语言调用起来很麻烦。
附：
正确的Post格式
1、
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
SOAP-ENV:Envelope
xmlns:SOAP-ENV
="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
xm lns:xsd
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XML Schema-instance"
>
<
SOAP-ENV:Body
>
<
GetServiceInfo
xmlns
="http://goldentek.biz/"
>
<
passport
>
[email protected]
</
passport
>
<
oem
>
{xxxxxxxx-8456-550a-8bb9-65d484f8bc3b}
</
oem
>
<
codePage
>
936
</
codePage
>
</
GetServiceInfo
>
</
SOAP-ENV:Body
>
</
SOAP-ENV:Envelope
>
<
SOAP-ENV:Envelope
xmlns:SOAP-ENV
="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
xmlns:SOAP-ENC
="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:xsd
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
>
<
SOAP-ENV:Body
>
<
m:GetServiceInfo
xmlns:m
="http://goldentek.biz/"
>
<
m:passport
>
[email protected]
</
m:passport
>
<
m:oem
>
341a4fbb-8456-550a-8bb9-65d484f8bc3b
</
m:oem
>
<
m:codePage
>
936
</
m:codePage
>
</
m:GetServiceInfo
>
</
SOAP-ENV:Body
>
</
SOAP-ENV:Envelope
>
wsdl规范：
http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/WD-wsdl20-primer-20041221/
下面是1.1和2.0的wsdl，webmethod是：
[WebMethod] public string HelloWorld(string s) { string t = s; return "Hello World"; }
.net1.1生成的wsdl：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> - <wsdl:definitions xmlns:http="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/http/" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:tns="http://tempuri.org/" xmlns:tm="http://microsoft.com/wsdl/mime/textMatching/" xmlns:mime="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/mime/" targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">- <wsdl:types>- <s:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/">- <s:element name="HelloWorld">- <s:complexType>- <s:sequence> <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="s" type="s:string" /> </s:sequence> </s:complexType> </s:element>- <s:element name="HelloWorldResponse">- <s:complexType>- <s:sequence> <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="HelloWorldResult" type="s:string" /> </s:sequence> </s:complexType> </s:element> </s:schema> </wsdl:types>- <wsdl:message name="HelloWorldSoapIn"> <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:HelloWorld" /> </wsdl:message>- <wsdl:message name="HelloWorldSoapOut"> <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:HelloWorldResponse" /> </wsdl:message>- <wsdl:portType name="Service1Soap">- <wsdl:operation name="HelloWorld"> <wsdl:input message="tns:HelloWorldSoapIn" /> <wsdl:output message="tns:HelloWorldSoapOut" /> </wsdl:operation> </wsdl:portType>- <wsdl:binding name="Service1Soap" type="tns:Service1Soap"> <soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" style="document" /> + <wsdl:operation name="HelloWorld"> <soap:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/HelloWorld" style="document" /> - <wsdl:input> <soap:body use="literal" /> </wsdl:input>- <wsdl:output> <soap:body use="literal" /> </wsdl:output> </wsdl:operation> </wsdl:binding>- <wsdl:service name="Service1"> <documentation xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" /> - <wsdl:port name="Service1Soap" binding="tns:Service1Soap"> <soap:address location="http://localhost/WebService1/Service1.asmx" /> </wsdl:port> </wsdl:service> </wsdl:definitions>
.net2.0生成的wsdl：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> - <wsdl:definitions xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:tm="http://microsoft.com/wsdl/mime/textMatching/" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:mime="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/mime/" xmlns:tns="http://tempuri.org/" xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap12="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap12/" xmlns:http="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/http/" targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">- <wsdl:types>- <s:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/">- <s:element name="HelloWorld">- <s:complexType>- <s:sequence> <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="s" type="s:string" /> </s:sequence> </s:complexType> </s:element>- <s:element name="HelloWorldResponse">- <s:complexType>- <s:sequence> <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="HelloWorldResult" type="s:string" /> </s:sequence> </s:complexType> </s:element> </s:schema> </wsdl:types>- <wsdl:message name="HelloWorldSoapIn"> <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:HelloWorld" /> </wsdl:message>- <wsdl:message name="HelloWorldSoapOut"> <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:HelloWorldResponse" /> </wsdl:message>- <wsdl:portType name="ServiceSoap">- <wsdl:operation name="HelloWorld"> <wsdl:input message="tns:HelloWorldSoapIn" /> <wsdl:output message="tns:HelloWorldSoapOut" /> </wsdl:operation> </wsdl:portType>- <wsdl:binding name="ServiceSoap" type="tns:ServiceSoap"> <soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" /> - <wsdl:operation name="HelloWorld"> <soap:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/HelloWorld" style="document" /> - <wsdl:input> <soap:body use="literal" /> </wsdl:input>- <wsdl:output> <soap:body use="literal" /> </wsdl:output> </wsdl:operation> </wsdl:binding>- <wsdl:binding name="ServiceSoap12" type="tns:ServiceSoap"> <soap12:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" /> - <wsdl:operation name="HelloWorld"> <soap12:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/HelloWorld" style="document" /> - <wsdl:input> <soap12:body use="literal" /> </wsdl:input>- <wsdl:output> <soap12:body use="literal" /> </wsdl:output> </wsdl:operation> </wsdl:binding>- <wsdl:service name="Service">- <wsdl:port name="ServiceSoap" binding="tns:ServiceSoap"> <soap:address location="http://localhost:6681/WebSite4/Service.asmx" /> </wsdl:port>- <wsdl:port name="ServiceSoap12" binding="tns:ServiceSoap12"> <soap12:address location="http://localhost:6681/WebSite4/Service.asmx" /> </wsdl:port> </wsdl:service> </wsdl:definitions>
感谢shenloqi，你说的是对的，我这种方法虽然也可以解决，但是确破坏了delphi对webservice的封装（因为要修改wsdl）。问题的原因是：
.net默认使用的是document，delphi默认是rpc,delphi调用.net1.1不出现问题是因为，.net1.1在wsdl中会加上style＝“document”，.net2.0去掉了style属性而采用默认值,虽然soap默认值也是document，可是delphi把没有style属性的当作做rpc封装。不一致发生了，错误也随之产生。
如果在 .net用到了Nullable（如int？），delphi还是不能解析，但是如果在数组中有null元素，即使会生成xsi:nil="true"，delphi也可以解析。