目前为止(2014-11-30),GCC其实已经基本上完全支持C++11的所有功能了,事实上从GCC4.7之后,就支持了-std=c++11选项,在4.7版本之前,也开始支持-std=c++0x的选项了
但是目前由于MinGW工作组的问题(没有跟上GNU GCC工作组的步伐,事实上目前GCC已经更新到4.9了,MinGW-Installer中能获取的最新版本的G++还停留在4.8.1版本,不仅如此,尽管是4.8.1,MinGW并没有提供很多C++11应有的功能)。(也就是说,你在非Windows系统上使用GCC已经可以完全支持C++11的全部功能了,但是在Windows上,至少目前还不能)。
比如说<regex>和<thread>,MinGW都没有提供实现
下面是从http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/thread/thread/拷贝过来的一个例程,在MinGW-GCC-4.8.1的编译的时候会提示如下的错误
main.cpp|17|error: 'thread' is not a member of 'std'|
1 // thread example 2 #include <iostream> // std::cout 3 #include <thread> // std::thread 4 5 void foo() 6 { 7 // do stuff... 8 } 9 10 void bar(int x) 11 { 12 // do stuff... 13 } 14 15 int main() 16 { 17 thread first (foo); // spawn new thread that calls foo() 18 thread second (bar,0); // spawn new thread that calls bar(0) 19 20 std::cout << "main, foo and bar now execute concurrently...\n"; 21 22 // synchronize threads: 23 first.join(); // pauses until first finishes 24 second.join(); // pauses until second finishes 25 26 std::cout << "foo and bar completed.\n"; 27 28 return 0; 29 }
你在使用<regex>的时候也会出现这样那样的compiler或者linker的报错。其实就是因为MinGW并没有完全提供对这些功能的实现(我觉得与其这样,还不如直接就不提供诸如<thread>或者<regex>的头,你这不是误导用户么)。
坐等MinGW的更新啊。
下面说一下Windows下,ZThread库的使用(教程参考其文档,或者Thinking in C++ vol2)
参考资料:http://www.cnblogs.com/moodlxs/archive/2012/10/16/2725329.html
下载地址:http://zthread.sourceforge.net (我下载的是2.3.2),下面我用ZTHREAD_HOME代表下载后的Zthread文件夹,例如F:/ZThread-2.3.2,里面包含doc,include,src等等几个子文件夹
在编译之前:
阅读README,引用如下:
COMPILING:
ZT_POSIX, ZT_WIN32 should be defined to specific what platofrm your building
on this. This is mainly so the right modifiers can be placed on class and
function definitions to export things from a DLL properly if your using the
WIN32 implementation. If you leave these flags out ZThreads will try to guess.See BUILDING for more details.
查看BUILDING,我引用如下:
HOWTO COMPILE THE SOURCE:
There are several options for compiling the source code.
* The preferred option is to use the configure script that is provided.
I can only actively maintain one method for compiling and configuring
the source../configure --help will provide a list of options detailing this method.
* Any other method is up to you. There are simply too many compilers,
too many versions and too many platforms to maintain separate build files
for.BUT, this doesn't mean you are out of luck.
I have structured the code so that it is very simple to compile the library
however suits your needs best. All you need to do is include the .cxx files
in the src/ directory (not the subdirectories) in your build rule, and add the
include directory to your compilers include/ path.Anything else you need to do is specific to your compiler and I leave the
details up to you.Anything you want to tweak configuration-wise can be done by editing
include/zthread/Config.h
编译:我选择编译为SLL(Static Link Library),也就是.a或者.lib文件,步骤如下
配置:(注意,Debug和Release都要设置)
例程:
main.cpp
1 #include "LiftOff.h" 2 3 #include <zthread/Thread.h> 4 5 #include <iostream> // std::cout 6 7 using namespace ZThread; 8 9 int main() 10 { 11 try { 12 Thread th(new LiftOff(10, 1)); 13 std::cout << "waiting for lift off" << std::endl; 14 } catch (Synchronization_Exception &e) { 15 std::cerr << e.what() << std::endl; 16 } 17 }
LiftOff.h
1 #ifndef LIFTOFF_H 2 #define LIFTOFF_H 3 4 #include <zthread/Runnable.h> 5 6 class LiftOff : public ZThread::Runnable 7 { 8 public: 9 LiftOff(int countDown_, int id_); 10 ~LiftOff(); 11 void run(); 12 private: 13 int countDown; 14 int id; 15 }; 16 17 #endif // LIFTOFF_H
LiftOff.cpp
1 #include "LiftOff.h" 2 3 #include <zthread/Runnable.h> 4 5 #include <iostream> 6 7 using namespace std; 8 9 LiftOff::LiftOff(int countDown_, int id_) 10 :countDown(countDown_), id(id_) 11 { 12 // do nothing 13 } 14 15 LiftOff::~LiftOff() 16 { 17 cout << "LiftOff" << id << " destroyed" << endl; 18 } 19 20 void LiftOff::run() 21 { 22 while (countDown--) 23 cout << id << " count: " << countDown << endl; 24 cout << id << "LiftOff!" << endl; 25 }